Worksheets5.A formation of fossil fuels
Total questions: 113
Worksheet time: 4hrs 31mins
This fossil fuel has been created by the remains of plants and must be mined from deep within the Earth.
oil
coal
natural gas
solar
Fossil Fuels are
pieces of rock that have been compacted many times
rock that contains 50% plant and animal remains
metamorphic rock
fuels that form from the remains of plant and other organisms that were buried and altered over million of years
This fossil fuel is formed from the remains of small organisms that lived in the ocean AND is a thick, black liquid
natural gas
coal
oil
steam
Which natural resource found in the region marked with an X is formed in this process?
The gradual wearing down of rock by wind, water, and other natural forces.
deposition
erosion
process
weathering
A series of natural occurrences that produce change or development.
process
pressure
compacted
erosion
A flammable material, without a definite form, produced from remains of marine organisms buried under layers of sediment found near oil deposits.
oil
fossil fuels
cementation
natural gas
A solid fossil fuel that is formed from the concentrated remains of plants over very long periods of time.
coal
cementation
oil
process
Squeezed together by the weight of sediments on top of them.
pressure
process
compacted
deposition
Layers of rock formed when sediment is deposited and then compacted and cemented over time.
sedimentary rock
deposition
cementation
weathering
A flammable liquid produced from remains of marine organisms buried under layers of sediments for millions of years.
fossil fuels
coal
natural gas
oil
The build up of land by the settlement of sediment and soil in a new location.
cementation
deposition
erosion
weathering
The breakdown of rock into smaller particles from the effects of wind, water, and ice.
erosion
deposition
cementation
weathering
The waste and remains of plants and animals.
deposition
organic matter
cementation
compacted
The process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form rock.
deposition
cementation
sedimentary rock
weathering
Force of objects pushing on other objects.
pressure
compacted
erosion
process
A natural, non-renewable fuel such as coal, oil, and natural gas, formed over millions of years from the remains of living organisms.
deposition
natural gas
fossil fuels
cementation
Which natural resource found in the region marked with an X is formed in this process?
According to the above information and image, what does the fossil tell us about the nature of the environment in the past?
Refer to the information and images. Which of the fossils would help support this hypothesis?
Finger like formations shown in picture above are known as stalactites and stalagmites. Which process most likely formed these stalactites and stalagmites?
slow deposition of minerals
fast erosion of soil
fast rising of water
slow cooling of water
The diagram above shows the sequence of the process that turn solid rock into sandstone. Which two processes best complete this diagram?
Melting and cooling
Erosion and compaction
Compaction and cementation
Evaporation and dissolving
All of these are related to the formation of natural gas and oil EXCEPT....
decomposed animals
decayed plants
sedimentary rock
active volcanoes
The model above shows layers of sediment on an ocean floor. Which of the following can explain how these layers can become rock over many years?
sand in the sediment melts and turns into rock
weight of the water compacts the sediment into rock
changing water temperatures turn sand in the sediment into rock
pollution caused by humans turns sediment into rock
Fossil fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud. What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form?
Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood
mostly decaying organisms
mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks
mostly metal minerals
Students make a model to show first step in formation of sedimentary rock. They pour 2 cm of light colored sand into a clear plastic box. They add 1 cm of gravel. Finally they pour 2 cm of dark colored sand on top of gravel. Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model show?
Sedimentary rock is made of layers
Sedimentary rock is made of cemented bits of rock
Sedimentary rock is often limestone
Sedimentary rock is often common in Texas.
Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rock. Which of these best describes the process of erosion?
Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.
Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rock.
Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.
Sediments grains fall to the bottom lake to form sedimentary layers.
This photo shows plants growing on the surface of a pond. How do plants like these form fossil fuels?
The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and get buried by sediment for millions year.
The dead plants get buried for millions of years and forms fossils that attract carbon.
The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and are consumed by decomposers.
The dead plants produce carbon that is consumed by fish, which form fossils.
Which list contains only processes that must occur in order for fossil fuels to form.
Formation of faults, burial, glacier formation
Organism growth, burial, volcanic eruption
Organism growth, burial, compaction
Erosion, burial, earthquakes
Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of sedimentary rock?
plant.
Which list includes only fossil fuels?
decomposition, cementation, deposition
petroleum, fossils, coal
sedimentary rock, coal, oil
coal, natural gas, petroleum oil
In what type of environment did the organisms that make up oil and natural gas live in?
marine
canyon
desert
volcano
Fossil fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud. What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form?
Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood
mostly decaying organisms
mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks
mostly metal minerals
Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rock. Which of these best describes the process of erosion?
Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.
Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rock.
Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.
Sediments grains fall to the bottom lake to form sedimentary layers.
What is necessary for fossil fuel formation and is not needed for sedimentary rock formation?
pressure
glacial erosion
decomposition of organisms
time
Which image does NOT show sedimentary rock?
All of these processes are related to the formation of sedimentary rock EXCEPT -
compaction
cementation
deposition
condensation
Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of Sedimentary Rock?
F
G
H
J
Rocks will break down into smaller pieces. What are those pieces called?
Sand
Fossils
Plates
Sediment
Wind, water, or ice breaking rock into smaller pieces is called
compaction
cementation
weathering
erosion
deposition
Deposition
Breaks it
Takes it
Drops it
Squashes it
Glues it
Coal, oil, and natural gas are called fossil fuels. Which of the following BEST explains why they are given this name?
They are found near petrified logs.
They remain at the surface of the Earth's crust.
They form from the remains of organisms.
They form in bone-shaped patterns.
Which list contains only processes that must occur in order for fossil fuels to form?
Formation of faults, burial, glacier formation
Organisms decay, burial, volcanic eruptions
Organisms decay, burial, compaction
Erosion, burial, earthquakes
Fossil fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud. What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form?
Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood
mostly decaying organisms
mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks
mostly metal minerals
Two examples of fossil fuels are and (a) (b)
Organize the steps of formation of sedimentary rocks from start to finish
Deposition
Erosion
Cementation
Compaction
Weathering
Which layer is younger than layer 4?
2
1
6
3
Sediments can turn into a sedimentary rock.
What helps it stick together in one piece?
Small minerals, like calcium, fill the spaces and cement it together.
Organisms get trapped and decay into glue.
Bacteria changes the sediment into cement.
Heat melts the sediment and it is fused together
Match the following Word Associations
Sedimentary Rock
Layers
Compact
Push Down/Squish
Cemented
Stick Together/Glue
Dead Organisms
Decaying Plants and Animals
Deposition
Settle/Put down/Come to rest
Which fossil fuel is formed only from dead plants in swamps?
Rubber
Petroleum
Coal
Natural Gas
Fossil fuels are
Renewable resource
Nonrenewable resource
All of these are related to the formation of oil or natural gas EXCEPT (a)
The diagram above shows the sequence of the process that turn solid rock into sandstone. Which two processes best complete this diagram? (5.7A)
Melting and cooling
Erosion and compaction
Compaction and cementation
Evaporation and dissolving
All of these are related to the formation of oil or natural gas EXCEPT-- (5.7A)
decomposed animals
decayed plants
sedimentary rocks
active volcanoes
The model shows layers of sediment on the floor of an ocean. Which of the following best explains how these layers can become rock over many years? (5.7A)
Sand in the sediment melts and turns into rock.
The weight of the water compacts the sediment into rock.
Changing water temperatures turn sand in the sediment into rock.
Pollution caused by humans turns the sediment into rock.
Fossil fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud. What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form? (5.7A)
Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood
Mostly decaying organisms
Mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks
Mostly metal minerals
Some students make a model to show one of the first steps in the formation of sedimentary rock. The students pour 2 centimeters of light-colored sand into a clear plastic box. Then they add 1 centimeter of gravel. Finally they pour 2 centimeters of dark-colored sand on top of the gravel. Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model best show? (5.7A)
Sedimentary rock is made of layers.
Sedimentary rock is cemented bits of rock.
Sedimentary rock is often limestone.
Sedimentary rock is common in Texas.
Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks. Which of these best describes the process of erosion? (5.7A)
Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.
Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rock.
Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.
Sediment grains fall to the bottom of a lake to form sedimentary layers.
This photograph shows plants growing on the surface of a pond. How do plants like these form fossil fuels? (5.7A)
The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and get buried by sediment for millions of years.
The dead plants get buried for millions of years and form fossils that attract carbon.
The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and are consumed by decomposers.
The dead plants produce carbon that is consumed by fish, which form fossils.
Which list contains only processes that must occur in order for fossil fuels to form? (5.7A)
Formation of faults, burial, glacier formation
Organism growth, burial, volcanic eruptions
Organism growth, burial, compaction
Erosion, burial, earthquakes
Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of sedimentary rock? (5.7A)
The diagram shows layers deposited under a body of water. This layering continued for millions of years. What most likely happened to the dead plants and animals? (5.7A)
They were eaten by scavengers.
They became fossil fuels.
They were washed away by water.
They became an underground aquifer.
Which statement best describes the processes of weathering and erosion? (5.7A)
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the breakdown of any type of rock into smaller particles and the carrying away of the loose sediments.
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for depositing loose sediments on the bottom of the ocean, forming layers of sediment.
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the amount of water in a river that transports sediments to the sea.
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the transportation, deposition, and compaction of loose sediments on the seafloor.
What do scientist call the remains of plants and animals?
Fossils
Remains of plants and animals
Organic Matter
Source of energy
What are the three major fossil fuels? (Can choose 2 choices)
Coal, Solar, Hydroelectric
Coal,Oil, Peat
Natural Gas, Oil, Coal
Methane Gas, Petroleum, Coal
Why are they called Fossil Fuels?
They are hard like a fossil.
They can produce energy.
They are a liquid like gasoline.
Fossils are remains and fuel is a source of energy. Fossil fuels come from remains of organisms.
Where does the energy in fossil fuels originally come from?
Sun
Plants and Animals
Organic matter
Water
How long do fossil fuels take to form?
Over thousands of years
Over millions of years
Over hundreds of years
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Weathering breaks down rock, sediments form layers at bottoms of seas, over time sediments are compacted and cemented to form new solid rock.
Weathering breaks down rock, sediments form layers at bottoms of seas, new layers provide pressure and heat.
Weathering breaks down rock, sediments form layers at bottoms of seas, new layers provide pressure and heat, over time sediments are compacted and cemented to form new solid rock.
Sediments form layers at bottoms of seas, new layers provide pressure and heat, over time sediments are compacted and cemented to form new solid rock.
What do we call the scientist who look for ways to pull oil from underground rocks?
Geologist
Petroleum engineers
Paleontologist
Zoologist
Explain why fossil fuels are nonrenewable resources?
Forms from microscopic organisms.
Is renewable.
We use them much more quickly than nature makes them.
Forms from organic matter buried beneath sediments.
What occurs when heat and pressure are applied to dead organic materials?
Organic materials transform into fossil fuels.
Organic materials form into pores rock.
Pressure from the sediments change some of the organic matter into a renewable resource.
Nothing occurs
Compare the formation of coal to oil.
Exist mostly as a solid.
Forms mostly from plant organisms in the swamp.
Forms mostly from marine organisms.
Forms from organic matter buried deep beneath sediments.
A gaseous fossil fuel produced from organic matter that is used to heat homes and cook
Organic matter
Oil
Pressure
Natural gas
A liquid made from organic matter, heat, pressure, and millions of years
Organic matter
Oil
Pressure
Natural gas
Exerting a force on something else
Organic matter
Oil
Pressure
Natural gas
Made from plant or animal material
Organic matter
Oil
Pressure
Natural gas
The ____________________ and ____________________ used by people every day were formed from ____________________ that lived millions of years ago.
natural gas / oil / organisms
Methane gas / coal / dinasaurs
Coal / Petroleum / sediment
Sediments that have been ____________________ over millions of years create large amounts of ____________________ leading to the formation of ________________________________________ layers.
deposited / pressure / sedimentary rock
cemented / deposition / igneous rock
weathered / silt / lava rock
Fossil ____________________ are made from ______________ that were living ____________________ of years ago.
fuels / organisms / millions
fuels / trees / billions
fuels / grasses / trillions
______________ rock is formed over millions of years from the deposition of sediment in layers. Sediment layers on top apply pressure to those on bottom, compacting them into sedimentary rocks.
Igneous
Volcanic
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
______________ are formed over millions of years from the deposition of organic materials in layers. Organic matter in bottom layers begins to decay from the pressure and heat generated from the layers above them.
Fossil fuels
Nuclear fuels
Renewable Fuels
Flatulent fuels
Fossil fuels are formed in sedimentary rock layers when materials are _____________ and heated deep under the Earth’s surface.
compressed
expanded
deposited
weathered
