Wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

5.A formation of fossil fuels

Total questions: 113

Worksheet time: 4hrs 31mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What are the 3 main fossil fuels?
a)
A. Coal, oil, and vegetable oil. 
b)
B. Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas
c)
C. Electricity, Gasoline, Petroleum
d)
D. Coal, Oil, Non-renewable Resources
2.
What had to be applied in order to make buried organic matter into fossil fuels?
a)
A. Industrial Pollution
b)
B. Ocean Currents
c)
C. Volcanic Activity
d)
D. Heat and pressure
3.
What must be present for Fossil Fuels to form?
a)
Bones and Sediment
b)
Dead Organisms and Layers of Sediment
c)
Dead Organisms, Layers of Sediment, and Heat & Pressure over time
d)
Bones, Layers of Sediment, and Heat & Pressure over time
4.

This fossil fuel has been created by the remains of plants and must be mined from deep within the Earth.

a)

oil

b)

coal

c)

natural gas

d)

solar

5.

Fossil Fuels are

a)

pieces of rock that have been compacted many times

b)

rock that contains 50% plant and animal remains

c)

metamorphic rock

d)

fuels that form from the remains of plant and other organisms that were buried and altered over million of years

6.

This fossil fuel is formed from the remains of small organisms that lived in the ocean AND is a thick, black liquid

a)

natural gas

b)

coal

c)

oil

d)

steam

7.
The series of pictures shows the formation of a natural resource.
Which natural resource found in the region marked with an X is formed in this process?
a)
Igneous rock
b)
Coal
c)
Oil
d)
Soil
8.
Fossil fuels are classified as nonrenewable because they.......
a)
require expensive equipment
b)
take millions of years to replace
c)
can be found all over 
d)
provide all the energy we use
9.

The gradual wearing down of rock by wind, water, and other natural forces.

a)

deposition

b)

erosion

c)

process

d)

weathering

10.

A series of natural occurrences that produce change or development.

a)

process

b)

pressure

c)

compacted

d)

erosion

11.

A flammable material, without a definite form, produced from remains of marine organisms buried under layers of sediment found near oil deposits.

a)

oil

b)

fossil fuels

c)

cementation

d)

natural gas

12.

A solid fossil fuel that is formed from the concentrated remains of plants over very long periods of time.

a)

coal

b)

cementation

c)

oil

d)

process

13.

Squeezed together by the weight of sediments on top of them.

a)

pressure

b)

process

c)

compacted

d)

deposition

14.

Layers of rock formed when sediment is deposited and then compacted and cemented over time.

a)

sedimentary rock

b)

deposition

c)

cementation

d)

weathering

15.

A flammable liquid produced from remains of marine organisms buried under layers of sediments for millions of years.

a)

fossil fuels

b)

coal

c)

natural gas

d)

oil

16.

The build up of land by the settlement of sediment and soil in a new location.

a)

cementation

b)

deposition

c)

erosion

d)

weathering

17.

The breakdown of rock into smaller particles from the effects of wind, water, and ice.

a)

erosion

b)

deposition

c)

cementation

d)

weathering

18.

The waste and remains of plants and animals.

a)

deposition

b)

organic matter

c)

cementation

d)

compacted

19.

The process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form rock.

a)

deposition

b)

cementation

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

weathering

20.

Force of objects pushing on other objects.

a)

pressure

b)

compacted

c)

erosion

d)

process

21.

A natural, non-renewable fuel such as coal, oil, and natural gas, formed over millions of years from the remains of living organisms.

a)

deposition

b)

natural gas

c)

fossil fuels

d)

cementation

22.
The series of pictures shows the formation of a natural resource.
Which natural resource found in the region marked with an X is formed in this process?
a)
Igneous rock
b)
Coal
c)
Oil
d)
Soil
23.
While hiking in a forest a girl found a fossil imbedded in a boulder. The fossil is shown.

According to the above information and image, what does the fossil tell us about the nature of the environment in the past?
a)
The area was once covered by water
b)
The area was once much cooler
c)
The area was once a higher elevation
d)
The area will soon be covered by water
24.
An archeologist thinks that his dig site used to be a creek environment.
 
Refer to the information and images. Which of the fossils would help support this hypothesis?
a)
A and B
b)
A and D
c)
B and C
d)
A, B, and D
25.
Which of the following is associated with the formation of sedimentary rock?
a)
Heat and pressure
b)
Compaction and Cementation
c)
Chemical change and Heat
d)
Melting and Pressure
26.
Coal was produced in the earth over millions of years. Which of the following is NOT a step in the production of coal?
a)
Animals died and were covered by sediment
b)
Plants died and were covered by sediment
c)
Heat, pressure, and time change the peat (decayed plants) to lignite
d)
Time and pressure changes the dead plant to peat (decayed plants)
27.
Certain prehistoric events led to the formation of oil. Which of the following was one of those events?
a)
Giant wind storms destroyed forests
b)
Icebergs melted at the North and South Poles
c)
Microscopic life in the sea died and was buried under sediments
d)
Heavy flooding soaked the Earth's crust
28.
Rocks will break down into smaller pieces. What are those pieces called?
a)
Crust
b)
Fossils
c)
Plates
d)
Sediment
29.
Over long periods of time, fossil fuels form deep underground. Which components are related to the formation of fossil fuels?
a)
Lave, sand, and decayed animals
b)
Decayed plants, lava, minerals
c)
Decayed plants and animals and water from the ocean
d)
Decayed plants and animals and sedimentary rocks
30.
Which of the following statements describes the first step in the formation of sedimentary rocks?
a)
Overlying pressure from rocks and soil reduces the size or volume of sediments
b)
Weathered material is moved by wind, water, or ice
c)
Exposed rock and other surfaces are broken down by wind, water, ice, or other elements
d)
A  Weathered and eroded material is deposited by wind, water, or ice
31.
Plant fossils are found in abundance within the sandstone of the Antarctic Peninsula. The diverse plant fossils found in the area tells us that past the environment of Antarctica was ―
a)
Rainy and cold in the past
b)
Warm and temperate in the past
c)
Hot and dry in the past
d)
Cold and windy in the past
32.

Finger like formations shown in picture above are known as stalactites and stalagmites. Which process most likely formed these stalactites and stalagmites?

a)

slow deposition of minerals

b)

fast erosion of soil

c)

fast rising of water

d)

slow cooling of water

33.

The diagram above shows the sequence of the process that turn solid rock into sandstone. Which two processes best complete this diagram?

a)

Melting and cooling

b)

Erosion and compaction

c)

Compaction and cementation

d)

Evaporation and dissolving

34.

All of these are related to the formation of natural gas and oil EXCEPT....

a)

decomposed animals

b)

decayed plants

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

active volcanoes

35.

The model above shows layers of sediment on an ocean floor. Which of the following can explain how these layers can become rock over many years?

a)

sand in the sediment melts and turns into rock

b)

weight of the water compacts the sediment into rock

c)

changing water temperatures turn sand in the sediment into rock

d)

pollution caused by humans turns sediment into rock

36.

Fossil fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud. What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form?

a)

Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood

b)

mostly decaying organisms

c)

mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks

d)

mostly metal minerals

37.

Students make a model to show first step in formation of sedimentary rock. They pour 2 cm of light colored sand into a clear plastic box. They add 1 cm of gravel. Finally they pour 2 cm of dark colored sand on top of gravel. Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model show?

a)

Sedimentary rock is made of layers

b)

Sedimentary rock is made of cemented bits of rock

c)

Sedimentary rock is often limestone

d)

Sedimentary rock is often common in Texas.

38.

Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rock. Which of these best describes the process of erosion?

a)

Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.

b)

Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rock.

c)

Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.

d)

Sediments grains fall to the bottom lake to form sedimentary layers.

39.

This photo shows plants growing on the surface of a pond. How do plants like these form fossil fuels?

a)

The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and get buried by sediment for millions year.

b)

The dead plants get buried for millions of years and forms fossils that attract carbon.

c)

The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and are consumed by decomposers.

d)

The dead plants produce carbon that is consumed by fish, which form fossils.

40.

Which list contains only processes that must occur in order for fossil fuels to form.

a)

Formation of faults, burial, glacier formation

b)

Organism growth, burial, volcanic eruption

c)

Organism growth, burial, compaction

d)

Erosion, burial, earthquakes

41.

Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of sedimentary rock?

a)
b)
c)
d)
42.
How are fossils created?
a)
Traces of organisms get turned into stone.
b)
Dead organisms are quickly buried for millions of years.
c)
Animals get trapped.
d)
All of the above
43.
What are the 3 main fossil fuels?
a)
Coal, Oil, and Gasoline
b)
Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas
c)
Electricity, Gasoline, Petroleum
d)
Coal, Oil, Non-renewable Resources
44.
Coal often forms where once there was swamps.  What characteristic of swamps is important to the formation of coal?
a)
High Temperature
b)
Abundant Plant Life
c)
Frequent Rains
d)
Reptile Predators
45.
Which layer formed first?
a)
Rock Layer W
b)
Rock Layer X
c)
Rock Layer Y
d)
Rock Layer Z
46.
The formation of fossil fuels is a process that takes millions of years and starts with energy from the sun. The sun contributes to the formation of fossil fuels by - 
a)
heating up the Earth's core where fossil fuels form
b)
generating winds so humans use less fossil fuels
c)
give energy to the living things that become fossil fuels 
d)
giving off heat, similar to burning fossil fuels
47.
This rock arch is a result of
a)
deposition of minerals
b)
wind erosion
c)
water erosion
d)
ice wedging
48.
This valley is a result of
a)
water erosion
b)
deposition
c)
glaciers
d)
wind
49.
This cave formation is a result of
a)
wind erosion
b)
deposition of minerals
c)
ice
50.
This delta is a result of
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
51.
Ice wedging is an example of
a)
deposition
b)
weathering
c)
erosion
52.
What is a Fossil?
a)
A Fossil is the remains of an dead animal and plant.
b)
I don't know?
c)
A Fossil is the remains of only a
plant.
53.
"younger over oldest" means that the the OLDEST rock layer is on the _________.
a)
top
b)
bottom
54.
In what kind of rock can fossils be found?
a)
Sedimentary Rocks
b)
Igneous Rocks
c)
Metamorphic Rocks
d)
Granite
55.
Some students made a model to show one of the first steps in the formation of sedimentary rock.  The students pour 2 cm of light-colored sand into a clear plastic box.  Then they add 1 cm of gravel.  Finally, they pour 2 cm of dark-colored sand on top of the gravel.  Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model best show?
a)
Sedimentary rock is made of layers.
b)
Sedimentary rock is cemented bits of rock.
c)
Sedimentary rock is often limestone.
d)
Sedimentary rock is common in Texas.
56.
Fossils give us evidence about which of the following?
a)
plants and animals that lived long ago
b)
how weathering and erosion break down rocks
c)
the other planets in our solar system
d)
the transfer of energy from one form  to another
57.

Which list includes only fossil fuels?

a)

decomposition, cementation, deposition

b)

petroleum, fossils, coal

c)

sedimentary rock, coal, oil

d)

coal, natural gas, petroleum oil

58.

In what type of environment did the organisms that make up oil and natural gas live in?

a)

marine

b)

canyon

c)

desert

d)

volcano

59.

Fossil fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud. What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form?

a)

Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood

b)

mostly decaying organisms

c)

mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks

d)

mostly metal minerals

60.

Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rock. Which of these best describes the process of erosion?

a)

Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.

b)

Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rock.

c)

Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.

d)

Sediments grains fall to the bottom lake to form sedimentary layers.

61.

What is necessary for fossil fuel formation and is not needed for sedimentary rock formation?

a)

pressure

b)

glacial erosion

c)

decomposition of organisms

d)

time

62.

Which image does NOT show sedimentary rock?

a)

b)

c)

d)

63.

All of these processes are related to the formation of sedimentary rock EXCEPT -

a)

compaction

b)

cementation

c)

deposition

d)

condensation

64.

Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of Sedimentary Rock?

a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

65.

Rocks will break down into smaller pieces. What are those pieces called?

a)

Sand

b)

Fossils

c)

Plates

d)

Sediment

66.

Wind, water, or ice breaking rock into smaller pieces is called

a)

compaction

b)

cementation

c)

weathering

d)

erosion

e)

deposition

67.

Deposition

a)

Breaks it

b)

Takes it

c)

Drops it

d)

Squashes it

e)

Glues it

68.

Coal, oil, and natural gas are called fossil fuels. Which of the following BEST explains why they are given this name?

a)

They are found near petrified logs.

b)

They remain at the surface of the Earth's crust.

c)

They form from the remains of organisms.

d)

They form in bone-shaped patterns.

69.

Which list contains only processes that must occur in order for fossil fuels to form?

a)

Formation of faults, burial, glacier formation

b)

Organisms decay, burial, volcanic eruptions

c)

Organisms decay, burial, compaction

d)

Erosion, burial, earthquakes

70.

Fossil fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud. What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form?

a)

Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood

b)

mostly decaying organisms

c)

mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks

d)

mostly metal minerals

71.

Two examples of fossil fuels are ​ and (a)   ​ ​ ​ (b)  

Choose from the below words
petroleum oil
water
air
milk
vegetable oil
coal
hydrogen
72.

Organize the steps of formation of sedimentary rocks from start to finish

a)

Deposition

b)

Erosion

c)

Cementation

d)

Compaction

e)

Weathering

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
73.

Which layer is younger than layer 4?

a)

2

b)

1

c)

6

d)

3

74.

Sediments can turn into a sedimentary rock.

What helps it stick together in one piece?

a)

Small minerals, like calcium, fill the spaces and cement it together.

b)

Organisms get trapped and decay into glue.

c)

Bacteria changes the sediment into cement.

d)

Heat melts the sediment and it is fused together

75.

Match the following Word Associations

a)

Sedimentary Rock

1.

Layers

b)

Compact

2.

Push Down/Squish

c)

Cemented

3.

Stick Together/Glue

d)

Dead Organisms

4.

Decaying Plants and Animals

e)

Deposition

5.

Settle/Put down/Come to rest

76.
Which of the following statements describes the first step in the formation of sedimentary rocks?
a)
Overlying pressure from rocks and soil reduces the size or volume of sediments
b)
Weathered material is moved by wind, water, or ice
c)
Exposed rock and other surfaces are broken down by wind, water, ice, or other elements
d)
A  Weathered and eroded material is deposited by wind, water, or ice
77.

Which fossil fuel is formed only from dead plants in swamps?

a)

Rubber

b)

Petroleum

c)

Coal

d)

Natural Gas

78.

Fossil fuels are

a)

Renewable resource

b)

Nonrenewable resource

79.

All of these are related to the formation of oil or natural gas EXCEPT ​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
active volcanoes
decomposed organisms
sedimentary rocks
Heat and pressure
80.
After weathering, erosion, and deposition break down solid rock into sediments, what processes must happen to form sandstone?
a)
precipitation and evaporation
b)
heat and pressure
c)
cooling and hardening
d)
compaction and cementation
81.
What feature is the same in the formation of many sedimentary rocks and all fossil fuels? Many sedimentary rocks and all fossil fuels -
a)
require material to be buried and exposed to heat and pressure
b)
are made out of organic material that stores the Sun's energy
c)
form where there are frequent earthquakes and volcanic activity
d)
are produced high in the mountains where temperatures are low
82.
Oil formation occurs where, millions of years ago, there were large oceans. This is because oceans have – 
a)
waves that are constantly moving.
b)
great numbers of microscopic organisms.
c)
currents that mix the water thoroughly.
d)
deep caverns where no light can reach.
83.

The diagram above shows the sequence of the process that turn solid rock into sandstone. Which two processes best complete this diagram? (5.7A)

a)

Melting and cooling

b)

Erosion and compaction

c)

Compaction and cementation

d)

Evaporation and dissolving

84.

All of these are related to the formation of oil or natural gas EXCEPT-- (5.7A)

a)

decomposed animals

b)

decayed plants

c)

sedimentary rocks

d)

active volcanoes

85.

The model shows layers of sediment on the floor of an ocean. Which of the following best explains how these layers can become rock over many years? (5.7A)

a)

Sand in the sediment melts and turns into rock.

b)

The weight of the water compacts the sediment into rock.

c)

Changing water temperatures turn sand in the sediment into rock.

d)

Pollution caused by humans turns the sediment into rock.

86.

Fossil fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud. What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form? (5.7A)

a)

Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood

b)

Mostly decaying organisms

c)

Mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks

d)

Mostly metal minerals

87.

Some students make a model to show one of the first steps in the formation of sedimentary rock. The students pour 2 centimeters of light-colored sand into a clear plastic box. Then they add 1 centimeter of gravel. Finally they pour 2 centimeters of dark-colored sand on top of the gravel. Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model best show? (5.7A)

a)

Sedimentary rock is made of layers.

b)

Sedimentary rock is cemented bits of rock.

c)

Sedimentary rock is often limestone.

d)

Sedimentary rock is common in Texas.

88.

Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks. Which of these best describes the process of erosion? (5.7A)

a)

Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.

b)

Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rock.

c)

Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.

d)

Sediment grains fall to the bottom of a lake to form sedimentary layers.

89.

This photograph shows plants growing on the surface of a pond. How do plants like these form fossil fuels? (5.7A)

a)

The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and get buried by sediment for millions of years.

b)

The dead plants get buried for millions of years and form fossils that attract carbon.

c)

The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and are consumed by decomposers.

d)

The dead plants produce carbon that is consumed by fish, which form fossils.

90.

Which list contains only processes that must occur in order for fossil fuels to form? (5.7A)

a)

Formation of faults, burial, glacier formation

b)

Organism growth, burial, volcanic eruptions

c)

Organism growth, burial, compaction

d)

Erosion, burial, earthquakes

91.

Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of sedimentary rock? (5.7A)

a)
b)
c)
d)
92.

The diagram shows layers deposited under a body of water. This layering continued for millions of years. What most likely happened to the dead plants and animals? (5.7A)

a)

They were eaten by scavengers.

b)

They became fossil fuels.

c)

They were washed away by water.

d)

They became an underground aquifer.

93.

Which statement best describes the processes of weathering and erosion? (5.7A)

a)

Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the breakdown of any type of rock into smaller particles and the carrying away of the loose sediments.

b)

Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for depositing loose sediments on the bottom of the ocean, forming layers of sediment.

c)

Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the amount of water in a river that transports sediments to the sea.

d)

Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the transportation, deposition, and compaction of loose sediments on the seafloor.

94.

What do scientist call the remains of plants and animals?

a)

Fossils

b)

Remains of plants and animals

c)

Organic Matter

d)

Source of energy

95.

What are the three major fossil fuels? (Can choose 2 choices)

a)

Coal, Solar, Hydroelectric

b)

Coal,Oil, Peat

c)

Natural Gas, Oil, Coal

d)

Methane Gas, Petroleum, Coal

96.

Why are they called Fossil Fuels?

a)

They are hard like a fossil.

b)

They can produce energy.

c)

They are a liquid like gasoline.

d)

Fossils are remains and fuel is a source of energy. Fossil fuels come from remains of organisms.

97.

Where does the energy in fossil fuels originally come from?

a)

Sun

b)

Plants and Animals

c)

Organic matter

d)

Water

98.

How long do fossil fuels take to form?

a)

Over thousands of years

b)

Over millions of years

c)

Over hundreds of years

99.

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

a)

Weathering breaks down rock, sediments form layers at bottoms of seas, over time sediments are compacted and cemented to form new solid rock.

b)

Weathering breaks down rock, sediments form layers at bottoms of seas, new layers provide pressure and heat.

c)

Weathering breaks down rock, sediments form layers at bottoms of seas, new layers provide pressure and heat, over time sediments are compacted and cemented to form new solid rock.

d)

Sediments form layers at bottoms of seas, new layers provide pressure and heat, over time sediments are compacted and cemented to form new solid rock.

100.

What do we call the scientist who look for ways to pull oil from underground rocks?

a)

Geologist

b)

Petroleum engineers

c)

Paleontologist

d)

Zoologist

101.

Explain why fossil fuels are nonrenewable resources?

a)

Forms from microscopic organisms.

b)

Is renewable.

c)

We use them much more quickly than nature makes them.

d)

Forms from organic matter buried beneath sediments.

102.

What occurs when heat and pressure are applied to dead organic materials?

a)

Organic materials transform into fossil fuels.

b)

Organic materials form into pores rock.

c)

Pressure from the sediments change some of the organic matter into a renewable resource.

d)

Nothing occurs

103.

Compare the formation of coal to oil.

a)

Exist mostly as a solid.

b)

Forms mostly from plant organisms in the swamp.

c)

Forms mostly from marine organisms.

d)

Forms from organic matter buried deep beneath sediments.

104.

A gaseous fossil fuel produced from organic matter that is used to heat homes and cook

a)

Organic matter

b)

Oil

c)

Pressure

d)

Natural gas

105.

A liquid made from organic matter, heat, pressure, and millions of years

a)

Organic matter

b)

Oil

c)

Pressure

d)

Natural gas

106.

Exerting a force on something else

a)

Organic matter

b)

Oil

c)

Pressure

d)

Natural gas

107.

Made from plant or animal material

a)

Organic matter

b)

Oil

c)

Pressure

d)

Natural gas

108.

The ____________________ and ____________________ used by people every day were formed from ____________________ that lived millions of years ago.

a)

natural gas / oil / organisms

b)

Methane gas / coal / dinasaurs

c)

Coal / Petroleum / sediment

109.

Sediments that have been ____________________ over millions of years create large amounts of ____________________ leading to the formation of ________________________________________ layers.

a)

deposited / pressure / sedimentary rock

b)

cemented / deposition / igneous rock

c)

weathered / silt / lava rock

110.

Fossil ____________________ are made from ______________ that were living ____________________ of years ago.

a)

fuels / organisms / millions

b)

fuels / trees / billions

c)

fuels / grasses / trillions

111.

______________ rock is formed over millions of years from the deposition of sediment in layers. Sediment layers on top apply pressure to those on bottom, compacting them into sedimentary rocks.

a)

Igneous

b)

Volcanic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

Metamorphic

112.

______________ are formed over millions of years from the deposition of organic materials in layers. Organic matter in bottom layers begins to decay from the pressure and heat generated from the layers above them.

a)

Fossil fuels

b)

Nuclear fuels

c)

Renewable Fuels

d)

Flatulent fuels

113.

Fossil fuels are formed in sedimentary rock layers when materials are _____________ and heated deep under the Earth’s surface.

a)

compressed

b)

expanded

c)

deposited

d)

weathered