WorksheetsEOY Quiz Review 1
Total questions: 34
Worksheet time: 17mins
Choose the words that correctly complete the paragraph.
Galileo Galilei used a telescope to study objects in the night sky. He observed that Venus goes through phases similar to the moon. Galileo used this evidence to support the _______________ model of the solar system.
Heliocentric
Geocentric
Circular
Elliptical
Venus' phases could not occur if Venus and the sun traveled around the Earth. Over time, several lines of evidence led scientists to abandon the _______________ model of the solar system.
Circular
Heliocentric
Geocentric
Elliptical
On August 21, 2017, the United States experienced the first coast-to-coast solar eclipse since 1918. How were the sun, the moon, and Earth arranged during this eclipse?
The sun was between Earth and the moon.
Earth was between the sun and the moon.
The moon was between Earth and the sun.
The sun, Earth, and the moon formed a right angle.
Scott moved from Florida to Michigan in January, and he thinks it’s freezing! Why is it so much colder in Michigan than it is in Florida during the winter?
Earth’s surface receives more sunlight in northern areas during the winter.
Earth’s spin causes Michigan to receive less sunlight than Florida during the winter.
Earth’s tilt away from the sun during the winter causes Michigan to receive less direct sunlight than Florida.
Earth’s tilt toward the sun during the winter causes Michigan to receive more direct sunlight than Florida.
The sun is a star passing through the same stages as other, similar stars. Which pattern correctly describes the life cycle of a star?
nebula → protostar → high-mass star → supergiant → supernova → neutron star
protostar → nebula → high-mass star → supergiant → neutron star → supernova
nebula → protostar → high-mass star → red giant→ planetary nebula → white dwarf
nebula → protostar → low-mass star → supergiant → supernova → white dwarf
Several students saw a streak of light suddenly shoot across part of a dark sky and then disappear. Maria said that it was a meteor, but John disagreed and said that it was a comet. Hassan decided it was an asteroid, and Sheri stated that it was a meteorite. Who was correct?
Maria
Jogn
Hassan
Sheri
Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Russell each discovered the same pattern in the characteristics of stars. As a star’s temperature increases, it becomes brighter and its color shifts from red to yellow to blue-white. The table shows the relationship between surface temperature and color.
Consider the color of the sun. Based on this color, what is the sun's approximate surface temperature?
10,000 – 30,000 K
6,000 – 7,500 K
30,000 – 60,000 K
<3,500 K
This table includes the mass of several objects in the solar system, as well as how far each object is from Earth. What is the best reason distances in space are measured using astronomical units (AU), instead of kilometers or miles?
An AU equals the distance from the sun to the next-closest star.
One AU represents a large distance, so the numbers that represent the vast distances between space objects are smaller and easier to compare.
Miles are used only in the United States, so the measurements are not the same in any other country.
Kilometers are used only in certain countries, so the measurements are not the same from country to country.
This table includes the mass of several objects in the solar system, as well as how far each object is from Earth. Neewa noticed the difference in water level between high tide and low tide while visiting the beach. What information in the table best explains the tides?
Mars is closest to Earth, so it affects tides more than other space objects.
The moon is the only object that affects tides at all because it is so close to Earth.
The moon has a greater effect on tides because it is so much closer to Earth.
The sun affects tides more than any other object because it is massive and closer to Earth than Jupiter.
Saheed chews his food to break it down into smaller pieces. The saliva released by glands in his mouth breaks the carbohydrates he ate down into simpler substances. What changes does the food undergo in Saheed’s mouth?
Food undergoes a physical change when it is chewed and a chemical change when saliva breaks it down into simpler substances.
Food undergoes a chemical change when it is chewed and a physical change when saliva breaks it down into simpler substances.
Food undergoes a physical change when it is chewed and another physical change when saliva breaks it down into simpler substances.
Food undergoes a chemical change when it is chewed and another chemical change when saliva breaks it down into simpler substances.
The simplest type of substance is a(n)_______________.
Atom
Compound
Element
Mixture
Molecule
The basic unit of this substance is a(n) _______________ .
Atom
Compound
Element
Mixture
Molecule
Different elements can combine chemically to form a(n)_______________ .
Atom
Compound
Element
Mixture
Molecule
The basic unit of these substances, called a(n) _______________ , is made of two or more atoms.
Atom
Compound
Element
Mixture
Molecule
When different substances combine only physically, a(n) _______________ forms.
Atom
Compound
Element
Mixture
Molecule
During a lab, Michael was given a sample of a metal to identify. He determined that its mass was 143 g and its volume was 12.6 cubic cm. Use this data and the information in the table to identify the metal.
Gold
Iron
Lead
Silver
Mr. Marcum is a research chemist who is testing a sample to determine its properties. He moved the sample from one container to another. The sample kept the same volume, but its shape changed. From the behavior of the sample, Mr. Marcum knows that the particles that make up the sample touch each other but are free to slide by each other. What is the state of this sample?
Gas
Liquid
Plasma
Solid
Stacy lives in Nebraska, where the winters can be well below freezing point. In the summers, the weather can be quite hot and humid. Suppose Stacy lives near a pond. Which choice shows the changes that most likely occur to the water in the pond from February to July?
freezing → melting → evaporation
condensation → freezing → melting
melting → evaporation → freezing
melting → evaporation → condensation
Cordell bought new tires for his bicycle. As he rode his bike on the hot street, the temperature of the air in the tires increased. If the volume of the air stayed the same, what happened to the pressure inside the tires?
It decreased
It increased
It stayed the same
It was inversely proportional to the temperature
Lydia conducts an experiment to compare the properties of water and vegetable oil. She observes that oil pours more slowly than water. She also observes that more water drops than oil drops can be balanced on the surface of a penny. Which claim is supported by this evidence?
Water has a higher density than vegetable oil.
Vegetable oil has a higher viscosity and a higher surface tension than water.
Water has a lower viscosity, but a higher surface tension, than vegetable oil.
Water and oil are equal in density, but oil has a higher viscosity.
Sugar forms when carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen combine in a specific ratio. From what you know about elements and the periodic table, what is true about the bonding in sugar?
The bonds in the compound are ionic.
The bonds in the compound are covalent.
The oxygen atoms will take electrons from the carbon and hydrogen atoms.
The hydrogen atoms will take electrons from the carbon and oxygen atoms.
Rosa and Katie developed a deck of cards they can use to review the information on the periodic table. One game they play involves pairing symbols of elements that have similar properties. Which of the following elements would form a pair?
Be and Ca
Ne and Cl
Pt and Hg
Sn and Sb
Scientists often use diagrams to model the atom.
Which model of the atom is represented in this diagram and how is it different from the current model of the atom?
This is Bohr’s model of the atom. It shows that electrons may be found in a cloud around the nucleus, not circular orbits.
This is Dalton’s model of the atom. It does not include neutrons, which are part of the modern model of the atom.
This is Rutherford’s model of the atom. It does not include neutrons, which are part of the modern model of the atom.
This is Thomson’s model of the atom. It shows that electrons may be found in a cloud around the nucleus, not circular orbits.
Miko and Natalie are on a camping trip, and they pitch their tent by a river. They know the river water contains dissolved minerals, but the water is clear. Which term best describes the matter in the river?
Suspension
Pure substance
Heterogeneous mixture
Solution
Cake batter undergoes chemical changes as it bakes. What evidence can you observe that shows the batter has undergone chemical changes?
change in color, gas given off, and energy absorbed
precipitate formed, gas given off, and energy given off
energy given off, precipitate formed, and change in color
energy absorbed, change in color, and precipitate formed
Perhaps you have noticed the dull, white substance that appears on an aluminum screen door. This substance is aluminum oxide, Al2 O3 , and it forms from the reaction of aluminum metal, Al, and oxygen, O2 . Which of these chemical equations is correct for this reaction?
Al + O2 → Al2 O3
2 Al + O2 → Al2 O3
2 Al + 3 O → Al2 O3
4 Al + 3 O2 → 2 Al2 O3
Silver nitrate, AgNO3, is useful in photography and as a disinfectant. Before silver nitrate is disposed of, the valuable silver in the compound is reclaimed. If a piece of copper is placed in a silver nitrate solution, solid pieces of silver appear on the copper metal. In addition, the solution turns blue as copper (II) nitrate forms. The following equation shows what happens during the reaction.
2AgNO3 + Cu → 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2
What types of substances are involved in the reaction?
Both reactants are elements, and both products are compounds.
Both reactants are compounds, and both products are elements.
Ag and Cu are elements, and AgNO3 and Cu(NO3)2 are compounds.
Ag and Cu are compounds, and AgNO3 and Cu(NO3)2 are elements.
What type of chemical reaction is shown by the equation?
2AgNO3 + Cu → 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2
Synthesis
Decomposition
Replacement
Oxidation
Ron drew this picture to illustrate photosynthesis.
Which choice shows the labels he should use on his picture to show what happens during this process? The items in the choices are in order, 1 through 5.
sunlight, oxygen, water, glucose, carbon dioxide
sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, glucose, oxygen
sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, oxygen, glucose
carbon dioxide, sunlight, glucose, water, oxygen
In the nitrogen cycle, why is it important to “fix” nitrogen?
Without being fixed, nitrogen is toxic to plants.
Fixed nitrogen stays in one place, and nitrogen gas does not.
Nitrogen gas is an active element and readily combines with other elements.
Nitrogen gas is not usable by organisms, but nitrogen compounds are usable.
One world-wide concern is the removal of forests to make space for farms and other human activities. Which statement best explains how the removal of trees from Earth upsets the carbon cycle?
More carbon enters the cycle, reducing CO2 in the air.
Less carbon is taken up from the air and made available to living things.
Decomposers increase because they no longer compete with trees for carbon.
The cycle is not affected. There are many other green plants that have the same role as trees in the carbon cycle.
The water cycle is essential to life on Earth because water is important in life processes. During the water cycle, liquid water changes to water vapor in a process called _______________.
Condensation
Evaporation
Precipitation
Runoff
Water vapor becomes liquid water again during the process of _______________ .
Condensation
Evaporation
Precipitation
Runoff
This liquid water falls to Earth's surface during_______________ .
Condensation
Evaporation
Precipitation
Runoff
