basic substances such as minerals and crops needed to manufactured finished goods

place where products are sold

18th Century series of technological advances that resulted in more complex machinery

20th Century location of industrialized regions found in large urban areas near coast or rivers and provided transportation to global markets

a process of decreasing reliance on manufacturing jobs

regions that have large numbers of closed factories

the potential of a job to produce additional jobs

explains the key decisions made by businesses about where to locate factories

the spatial grouping of several businesses to share costs

used in Weber's model, least cost theory, that shows points needed to make a product or good

industry where raw materials lose bulk during processing

industry where raw materials gain bulk while processing

small home-based businesses that made goods

industry highly dependent on a workforce that will want to be near a source of those workers

the procedure of transferring cargo from one mode of transportation to another

system in which goods are loaded into a standardized shipping unit that can be carried on a truck, train, ship, or plane

business that can pack up and leave for a new location quickly and easily

main offices for top executives on expensive upper floors in a skyscraper

less expensive office space where most employees work in a business

the dollar amount of all goods and services produced by a country's citizens in one year

the dollar amount of all final goods and services produced within a country in one year

profits from a foreign-owned company leaving the country and going back to the home country

an amount per person

a measure of what similar godds cost in different countries

portion of the economy that is monitored by the government

portion of the economy that is not monitored by the government

measures the distribution of income within a population

the number of babies a woman is expected to have in her lifetime

number of years a person is expected to live

differences in the privileges afforded to males and females in a society

a measure of several factors indicating gender disparity

measure that combines one economic measure with three social measures, between 0 and 1, with the higher values indicating greater level of development

programs by some governments and non-profit agencies that empower women to find jobs outside the home

programs that provide loans often to women to start or expand a business

sector of economy that extract natural resources from the earth, ex: farming, mining, fishing, forestry

sector of economy that makes products from natural resources

sector that provides information and services to people

sector of economy that manages and processes information

sector of the economy that creates information and makes high-level decisions

Walt Rostow created a modernization theory that he called

Wallerstein developed a model called the World Systems Theory sometimes called the

A __________ __________ means that countries do not exist in isolation but are part of an intertwined world system in which all countries are dependent on each other.

raw materials such as coffee, cocoa, and oil that have not undergone any processing

when more than 60 percent of a country's exports are raw materials

a system of exchange in which no money changes hands

when a country has the ability to produce a good or service at a lower cost than others

when a country has the income, goods, or services that another country desires

policies or laws that reduce barriers to trade

set of reforms to reduce government regulation and taxation, supported by Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher

groups of countries that agree to a common set of trade rules

South American countries that have formed a trading bloc

a global organization created in 1995 to monitor the rules of international trade

organization created in 1945 to aid countries in need of financial assitance

contracting work to noncompany employees or other companies

when multinational manufacturing companies move their back offices to other countries

business that operate in multiple countries

areas that offer foreign corporations major tax saving, inexpensive labor, fewer environmental regulations, and proximity to good transportation networks

the term used in Mexico to refer to EPZs

group that typically dominates the EPZs

a system in which an item is moved from worker to worker, with each repeatedly performing the same task

a term used to refer to mass production