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Central and South America

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following is an example of a government that is ruled by one person? 
a)
constitutional republic 
b)
representative democracy
c)
dictatorship
d)
direct democracy 
2.

Which earth process explains the development of the Atacama Desert?

a)

Rainshadow Effect

b)

Wet and Dry Climate Zone

c)

High Latitude Climate

d)

Plate Tectonic Activity

3.

El Nino occurs when the tropical ocean waters are warmer in which ocean?

a)

Atlantic

b)

Indian

c)

Pacific

d)

Arctic

4.

What is the cause of rising surface temperatures of the Pacific Ocean, wildfires and drought in the western United States, and severe flooding on the Pacific coast of South America?

a)

the Gulf Stream

b)

the Jet Stream

c)

La Nina

d)

El Nino

5.

What is a major pull factor for people migrating s from Latin America to the United State?

a)

religious freedom

b)

economic opportunity

c)

the gravitational pull of the moon

d)

a refugee fleeing warfare

6.

What is a push factor?

a)

Something that attracts someone to move

b)

Something that forces someone to move to a new country

c)

The process of moving to another country

d)

The process of moving closer to a school

7.

Spain and Portugal both colonized parts of Latin America. Through spatial diffusion of phenomena, most cultures in Latin and South America are _______________________ .

a)

Catholic

b)

Baptist

c)

Methodist

d)

Lutheran

8.

The biggest negative effect the Columbian Exchange had on the indigenous populations in Latin America was _____.

a)

the constant wars with the Spanish

b)

the constant wars with the French

c)

diseases like smallpox, scarlet fever, small pox

d)

malaria from mosquitoes

9.

The spread of Spanish culture to Latin America was due mostly to

a)

forced migration from Spain to Latin America

b)

the Triangular Trade involving Africa and the New World

c)

allowing indigenous people to emigrate to Spain

d)

conquering the indigenous people and making them adopt their culture

10.

A positive impact of the Columbian Exchange was

a)

manufacturing furniture in Brazil gave people secondary jobs

b)

the transfer of new products and ideas that encouraged economic growth

c)

millions of Africans were kidnapped and brought to South America as slaves

d)

a loss of culture in the Amazon

11.

Quechan speaking descendants of the Incas make up 25% of the population in Peru, 10 % in Bolivia and 7% in Ecuador . What conclusions can you make about cultural diffusion based on the map showing the location of the former Inca Empire?

a)

Ecuador and Argentina share the same type of government.

b)

The jungles of Ecuador were a natural barrier to cultural diffusion.

c)

The Incas are workers for the Bolivians today.

d)

The Inca culture spread throughout South America.

12.

The ancient Inca city of Machu Picchu is now a World Heritage Site. Which of the following was a major achievement of the Incas at this location?

a)

terrace agriculture and aqueducts to channel water for irrigation

b)

gunpowder and advanced mathematics

c)

the unicycle and the steam boat

d)

concrete and bronze weapons

13.

The world's longest above-water mountain range is about 7,000 km (4,300 mi) long. The range stretches from north to south through seven countries in South America, along the west coast of the continent: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina.

a)

Andes Mountain

b)

Appalachian Mountains

c)

Atlas Mountains

d)

Himalaya Mountains

14.
Which of these countries is considered an isthmus?
a)
Brazil
b)
Honduras
c)
Cuba
d)
Panama
15.

Country "A" has a higher GDP per capita, higher literacy rate and lower infant mortality rate than Country "B". Which statement is true?

a)

Country "A" is less developed than country "B"

b)

Country "A" is more crowded

c)

Country "B" is less developed than country "A"

16.

When Africans came to Latin and South America as slaves,

a)

Traditional African food, music, and dance were diffused.

b)

Africans began speaking English.

c)

African dances were given up for Brazilian dances.

17.

In developing countries, the level of infrastructure in rural areas is usually -

a)

available to anyone who wants electricity.

b)

.

c)

very limited or not available.

d)

as well developed as it is in urban areas.

18.

The process in which the population of a small village increases to urban level population is known as ________.

a)

CBD

b)

Economic Development

c)

Urbanization

d)

Industrial Revolution

19.

The illustration that shows the correct example of a rural area would be----

a)
b)
c)
d)
20.

Areas with high population density of poor, rural to urban migrants are known as ---

a)

slums or favelas

b)

rural areas

c)

suburban areas

d)

metropolitan areas

21.
Cultural diffusion is best described as...
a)
sharing music from one culture to another
b)
Cultural margarine
c)
the spreading of religion
d)
the spreading of ideas, languages, and traditions from one culture to another
22.

The Spanish language in Latin America and continued use of the French language in Senegal are examples of

a)

social mobility

b)

cultural diffusion

c)

humanism

d)

marxism

23.

Which of the following best explains the cultural pattern shown in the diagram?

a)

Colonial immigrants adopted the beliefs of indigenous people living in South America

b)

Incan leaders encouraged people in South America to convert to new religions.

c)

Spanish colonization of South America spread new religious traditions.

d)

African slaves brought new religious traditions to South Amerca.

24.

Enslaved Africans that were brought for work in South America were also responsible for the diffusion of many new popular forms of

a)

architecture

b)

sculpture, painting and art

c)

dance, foods, and music

d)

advanced weaponry

25.

What is one way that the migration of European colonists to South America changed the character of the region?

a)

Men and women gained greater social equality

b)

Economic practices reverted to traditional methods

c)

Native groups switched from terrace to field farming

d)

Religion and language patterns changed significantly.

26.

Many people living in Central and South America practice traditional subsistence agriculture. These same people would also practice _______________ to meet their basic needs.

a)

burning volcanic rock as a source of fuel

b)

building dams to control flooding along rivers

c)

constructing seawalls to stop the full force of hurricanes

d)

cottage industry

27.

One of the negative effects of the cultural diffusion Latin America experienced during the age of European exploration of the New World included--

a)

an increased number of dangerous storms

b)

the introduction of cattle raching

c)

the destruction of the tropical rain forests

d)

an expansion of the slave trade

28.

Many people living in Central America modify the physical environment by--

a)

buirning volcanic rock as a source of fuel

b)

building dams to control flooding along rivers

c)

constructing seawalls to stop the full force of hurricanes

d)

slash and burn agriculture

29.

Which of the following letters indicates the correct location of Mexico on the above map?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

30.

Based on information on the map above, which geographic feature marks the division between the Central America region of Latin America and the South America region?

a)

Isthmus of Panama

b)

Peninsula of Mexico

c)

Border of Haiti and Dominica Republic

d)

North shore of Cuba

31.

Why is the Roman Catholic religion the dominant religion in Latin America?

a)

African slaves brought new religious traditions to South America

b)

Spanish colonization of South America spread new religious traditions

c)

Incan leaders encouraged people in South America to convert to new religions

d)

Colonial immigrants adopted the beliefs of indigenous people living in South America

32.

What is NOT an effect of the Columbian Exchange?

a)

Language of Spanish and Portuguese

b)

Catholic/Christianity belief

c)

Traditional Aztec, Inca, and Mayan cultures were preserved

d)

Mixed ethnicities

33.

What is using resources without hurting the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is considered?

a)

deforestation

b)

carbon-oxygen cycle

c)

sustainable development

d)

biodiversity development

34.

The original or first people in the Americas are referred to as ____________________.

a)

Settlers

b)

Loggers

c)

Amazonians

d)

Indigenous

35.

A major issue facing the Amazon Rainforest today is ______?

a)

Deforestation for timber and farmland

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Increased Rain

d)

Indigenous Groups

36.

What event led to Latin America having similar culture traits?

a)

Colonization by The British

b)

French Revolution

c)

Colonization by Europeans

d)

American Revolution

37.

South America is a formal cultural region due to their similar...

a)

history of European colonization.

b)

environment.

c)

climate.

d)

latitudes.

38.

One of the negative effects of the cultural diffusion in Latin America experienced during the age of European exploration of the New World included -

a)

An expansion of the slave trades.

b)

An increased number of dangerous storms

c)

The Introduction of cattle ranching

d)

The destruction of the tropical rain-forests

39.

Which of the following is one way cultures of Central America were influenced by Spanish colonization?

a)

Farming became the primary economic activity in the region.

b)

Catholicism and the Spanish language were introduced into the region.

c)

Mayan cultural practices were adopted by the Spanish settlers in the region.

d)

Women gained greater equality when Spanish laws were applied to the region.

40.

The biggest threat to the "lungs of the world" Amazon Rainforest physical environment is

a)

Burning volcanic rock as a source of fuel

b)

Building dams to control flooding along rivers.

c)

Cutting down rain forests to clear land for farming

d)

Constructing seawalls to stop the full force of hurricanes

41.

Terraced farming is an example of ________________?

a)

modifying the environment

b)

destruction of the environment

c)

irrigation dry areas using the drip technique

d)

use off advanced technology equiipment

42.

1903- The 48 mile international waterway allows ships to pass between the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, saving about 8,000 miles and greatly contributing to the expansion of world trade known as globalization.

a)

Platt Amendment

b)

Monroe Doctrine

c)

Boxer Rebellion

d)

Panama Canal

43.
The Panama Canal runs through the middle of Panama connecting which two oceans?
a)
Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
b)
Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean
c)
Atlantic and Pacific Ocean
d)
Carribean Sea and Pacific Ocean
44.

Which of the following is a negative impact that the Columbian Exchange had on the native peoples of the Americas?

a)

The spread of disease killed millions of people.

b)

Agriculture spread to more regions.

c)

The use of the horse caused native peoples to leave.

d)

Native peoples were no longer allowed to use their languages.

45.

Study the image of terraces in Peru. These terraces of Machu Picchu made farming possible and prevented ____.

a)

invasions

b)

excessive sunlight

c)

soil erosion

d)

nutrient depletion

46.

Which letter indicates an area where the Inca once controlled a vast empire by adapting to mountainous rainforest conditions of the Andes by implementing terrace agricultural practices.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

47.

Which physical process resulted in the creation of the Andes Mountains, El Pulpotec Volcano, and Tierra Del Fuego?

a)

Pacific RIng of Fire

b)

Pacific Ocean

c)

Atlantic Ocean tsunamis

d)

Meteor strike into the Gulf of Mexico

48.

Increasing interdependence of nations and peoples across the globe.

a)

Infrastructure

b)

Globalization

c)

Interdependence

d)

Specialization

49.

The development of a worldwide economy called ________________ where countries have agreements like United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) where resources flow fairly freely across borders or have free trade zones.

a)

Globalization

b)

Economy

c)

GDP

d)

Economic Independence

50.

A negative effect of the Columbian Exchange was

a)

the introduction of new foods

b)

indigenous people forced into slavery

c)

the introduction of new technology

d)

indigenous people became civilized

51.
Globalization has led to a _____ variety of goods.
a)
lesser
b)
smaller
c)
wider
d)
restricted
52.

The loss of culture, loss of traditions, increased pollution, risk of pandemics are all negative effects of ______________.

a)

Culturization

b)

Urbanization

c)

Globalization

d)

Environmentalism

53.

People that engage in subsistence agriculture also

a)

engage in cottage industry

b)

engage in quaternary economic activity

c)

engage in commercial agriculture

d)

engage in commercial industry

54.

A poor country, many people engaged in subsistence agriculture and cottage industry with a less advanced economy are trying to increase industry - especially manufacturing and services to improve standard of living for their people.

a)

Developing Nation

b)

Newly Developed Nation

c)

Industrialized Nation

d)

Free Trade Agreement

55.

What is a form of government ruled by one person who usually seized power through unlawful means?

a)

Dictatorship

b)

Oligarchy

c)

Democracy

d)

Parliamentary

56.

Examples: United States, Canada, and Mexico

a)

Monarchy

b)

Anarchy

c)

Theocracy

d)

Democratic Republic

57.

A government where people choose a president who is not above the laws stated in the Constitution.

a)

Absolute Monarchy

b)

Democracy

c)

Dictatorship

d)

Theocracy

58.

Africans came to Latin and South America as slaves and greatly influenced Brazilian culture. Which of the following is an effect of this forced migration still evident, or seen today?

a)

Traditional European food, music, and dance were diffused to Africans.

b)

Africans began speaking English.

c)

Many Brazilians identify as black or mixed race due to slavery.

59.

Rural areas act as the _____ factor while urban areas are the _____ pull factor.

(a)  

60.

Urbanization

a)

Satellite city : Hitech City

b)

Shift from rural areas to cities

c)

Plenty of job opportunities

d)

Heavily populated, poor living conditions

61.

Families moving to the cities for industrial jobs caused the cities to see a massive increase in homes being built is also known as

a)

Ruralization

b)

Suburb

c)

Urbanization

d)

All of the above

62.

The illustration that shows the correct example of a rural area would be----

a)
b)
c)
d)
63.

Areas with high population density & crowding are known as ---

a)

urban areas

b)

rural areas

c)

suburban areas

d)

metropolitan areas

64.

What is our definition of URBANIZATION?

a)

a shift in population from urban to rural

b)

a shift in population from rural to urban

c)

a shift from rural to urban

d)

a big town

65.

Which factor affecting climate explains the variation (different) climates in Chile?

a)

Continentality

b)

Mountains

c)

Latitude

d)

Amazon