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Central Dogma and Mutation

Total questions: 168

Worksheet time: 2hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
2.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
3.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
4.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
5.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
6.

In eukaryotes, which organelle is DNA usually found in?

a)

cell membrane

b)

vacuole

c)

chloroplast

d)

nucleus

7.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
8.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
9.
The building block of nucleic acids are nucleotides.  Nucleotides are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a _________________ base.
a)
oxygen
b)
hydrogen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon
10.
The sugar in DNA is ?
a)
sucrose
b)
glucose
c)
deoxyribose
d)
fructose
11.
Which of the following monomers are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
12.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
13.
The two strands of nitrogenous bases in DNA are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
14.
The drawing shows the structure of what molecule?
a)
A DNA molecule
b)
A lipid molecule
c)
A carbohydrate molecule
d)
A protein molecule
15.
X outlines a(n) ___________.
a)
amino acid
b)
nitrogen base 
c)
nucleotide
d)
nitrogen base pair
16.
Identify #2.
a)
nitrogen base
b)
phosphate group
c)
deoxyribose sugar
d)
nucleotide
17.
Traits that are passed from generation to generation are called ____________________
a)

Acquired Traits

b)
Inherited Traits
c)
Inclined Traits
d)

Modified Traits

18.
Which series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size?
a)

gene, chromosome, nucleus, cell, nucleotide

b)

cell, nucleus, chromosome, gene, nucleotide

c)

nucleotide, chromosome, cell, nucleus

d)

cell, gene, nucleotide, nucleus, chromosome

19.
Who was given credit for determining the shape of DNA? 
a)
Avery
b)
Watson and Darwin
c)
Watson and Crick
d)
Franklin and Crick
20.

The molecule pictured is a building block of _______.

a)

a lipid

b)
DNA
c)
a carbohydrate
d)
a protein
21.

Where in the cell can DNA be found?

a)

In the ribosomes

b)

In the nucleus

c)

In the cytoplasm

d)

All of the above

22.

Which bases are found in RNA?

a)

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Uracil (U), Guanine (G)

b)

Uracil (U), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Thymine (T)

c)

Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Uracil (U), Adenine (A)

d)

Cytosine (C), Guanine (G), Thymine (T), Uracil (U)

23.

For the given DNA sequence, what would the complementary RNA sequence be?


A-G-G-C-T-A

a)

T-G-C-A-A-G

b)

U-C-C-G-A-U

c)

U-C-G-C-A-U

d)

T-C-C-G-A-T

24.

What kind of bond holds base pairs together in the center of a DNA molecule?

(a)  

25.

Which two scientists are credited with discovering the double helix structure of DNA?

a)

Rosalind Franklin

b)

Francis Crick

c)

Linus Pauling

d)

Oswald Avery

e)

James Watson

26.

What does DNA stand for?

(a)  

27.

What does RNA stand for?

(a)  

28.

DNA codes for which of the following?

a)

Monosaccharides

b)

Traits

c)

Proteins

d)

Ribosomes

29.

RNA codes for which of the following?

a)

Monosaccharides

b)

Traits

c)

Proteins

d)

Ribosomes

30.

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

a)

Phosphate group

b)

Nitrogenous base

c)

Thymine

d)

Sugar

e)

Hydrogen

31.

Which sugar is found in DNA?

a)

Glucose

b)

Galactose

c)

Maltodextrose

d)

Deoxyribose

32.

Is this nucleotide a purine or a pyrimidine?

a)

Purine

b)

Pyrimidine

33.

Which of these is 5'?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

34.

Which of these is 3'?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

35.

If cytosine accounts for 32% of a DNA molecule's total bases, what percentage will guanine account for?

a)

68%

b)

32%

c)

64%

d)

18%

36.

If cytosine accounts for 32% of a DNA molecule's total bases, what percentage will thymine account for?

a)

68%

b)

32%

c)

64%

d)

18%

37.

Which part of the nucleotide is this?

a)

Nitrogenous base

b)

Sugar

c)

Phosphate group

38.

Which part of the nucleotide is this?

a)

Nitrogenous base

b)

Sugar

c)

Phosphate group

39.

Which part of the nucleotide is this?

a)

Nitrogenous base

b)

Sugar

c)

Phosphate group

40.

Is this a DNA or an RNA nucleotide?

(a)  

41.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
42.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
43.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
44.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
45.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
46.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
47.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
48.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
49.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
50.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
51.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
52.
What is the correct complimentary strand for the following DNA?ATCGAG
a)
TACGAG
b)
ATCGAG
c)
TAGCTG
d)
TAGCTC
53.
The drawing shows the structure of what molecule?
a)
A DNA molecule
b)
A lipid molecule
c)
A carbohydrate molecule
d)
A protein molecule
54.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
55.
What is responsible for holding the two strands of the DNA double helix together?
a)
hydrogen bonds
b)
alleles
c)
London dispersion forces
d)
deoxyribose sugars
56.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides ("The Builder")?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
57.
Why is it crucial that living things are able to replicate their DNA?
a)
Each cell must have its own DNA
b)
Less copies of DNA are needed when a new cell is created
c)
A cell needs multiple copies of DNA
d)
Only muscle cells need DNA 
58.
The DNA is found in the nucleus of what type of organisms?
a)
Bacteria
b)
Eukaryotes
c)
Prokaryotes
d)
Viruses
59.

What is the name of the place where the double helix is unwound?

a)

Replication Fork

b)

The Y zone

c)

Open Sesame

d)

Replication Spoon

60.

The two strands of DNA are

a)

Parallel

b)

Antiparallel

c)

Perpendicular

d)

At Right Angles

61.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
62.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
63.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
64.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
65.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
66.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
67.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
68.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
69.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
70.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
71.
order of replication
a)
3, 2, 1, 4
b)
2, 1, 4, 3
c)
2, 3, 1, 4
d)
3, 4, 1, 2
72.
What is the correct complimentary strand for the following DNA?ATCGAG
a)
TACGAG
b)
ATCGAG
c)
TAGCTG
d)
TAGCTC
73.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
74.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
75.
In the diagram strand I and II represent portions of DNA molecule. Strand II would normally include...
a)
AGC
b)
TCG
c)
TAC
d)
GAT
76.
Diagram represents a portion of DNA molecule. The letters represent different types of
a)
sugar molecules
b)
molecular bases
c)
enzymes
d)
proteins
77.
Four different segments of a DNA molecule are represented below. There is an error in the DNA molecule in 
a)
Segment 1 only
b)
segment 3 only
c)
Segment 2 and 3
d)
segment 2 and 4 
78.

When an extra base is inserted into the DNA sequence of a gene, the protein doesn't work. Which explains why?

a)

the base increases rate of translation

b)

the base causes DNA to be transcribed in opposite direction

c)

the inserted base causes the codons in the sequence to be shifted and read differently

d)

the base signals enzymes to translate DNA rather than RNA

79.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
80.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
ribosome
c)
cytoplasm
d)
smooth ER
81.
The anticodon is located on 
a)
DNA
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
rRNA
82.

In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______.

a)

cytosine

b)

adenine

c)

guanine

d)

thymine

83.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
84.

DNA holds the code for

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

sugars

85.

What process is going on in this photo?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Replication

d)

All the above

86.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
87.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
88.
What is the complimentary mRNA sequence to the DNA sequence A-T-T-G-C-A.
a)
T-A-A-C-G-T
b)
U-A-A-C-G-T
c)
U-A-A-C-G-U
d)
T-A-A-G-C-U
89.
Assembles RNA during transcription
a)
RNA Polymerase 
b)
Mutations
c)
Gene Expression
d)
Point Mutation
90.

What does the ARROW III represent?

a)

the bond between the sugar and phosphate

b)

the hydrogen bond between the nitrogen bases

91.

What is the purpose of transcription?

a)

Transferring amino acids to the ribosome.

b)

Producing more nucleotides for the DNA sequence.

c)

Producing a mRNA from information found in the DNA.

92.

What is the job of messenger RNA?

a)

to transfer amino acids

b)

to assemble the protein

c)

to carry genetic information

93.

The stop codons are:

a)

UAA

b)

UAG

c)

GUC

d)

UGA

94.
DNA has a ______ strand; RNA has a ______ strand.
a)
double/double
b)
double/triple
c)
double/single
d)
single/single
95.
The diagram shows the process of
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Mitosis
96.

A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins

a)

Replication

b)

Mutations

c)

Translation

d)

Transcription

97.

Which organelle is DNA usually found in?

a)

cell membrane

b)

vacuole

c)

chloroplast

d)

nucleus

98.

What are the two steps of protein synthesis (in order)?

a)

Translation and Replication

b)

Transcription and Translation

c)

Replication and Transcription

d)

Replication and Mitosis

99.

Which types of RNA are involved in transcription? (Choose all that apply)

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

pRNA

100.

Which types of RNA are involved in translation? (Choose all that apply.)

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

pRNA

101.

Where, in the cell, does transcription occur?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Ribosome

d)

Rough ER

102.

Where, in the cell, does translation occur?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Golgi Apparatus

d)

Mitochondria

103.

Which type of RNA functions by carrying the information from DNA to the ribosome?

a)

Messenger RNA

b)

Transfer RNA

c)

Ribosomal RNA

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

104.

Which type of RNA functions by delivering a specific amino acid to the ribosome?

a)

Messenger RNA

b)

Transfer RNA

c)

Ribosomal RNA

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

105.

Which type of RNA functions as the workbench for translation to occur?

a)

Messenger RNA

b)

Transfer RNA

c)

Ribosomal RNA

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

106.

What is the central dogma of biology?

a)

The flow of ATP to energize living tissue.

b)

The flow of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA to making a protein.

c)

The process of DNA replication for mitosis.

d)

The entirety of life on Earth.

107.

Which three processes are included within the central dogma of biology?

a)

Transcription, translation and mutation

b)

G1, S, G2

c)

DNA replication, mitosis and meiosis

d)

DNA replication, transcription and translation

108.

Where is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Replication

d)

S phase of interphase

109.

Which of the following is associated with mRNA?

a)

codons

b)

anticodons

c)

E,P,A sites

d)

DNA polymerase

110.

How many codons equal one amino acid?

a)

1

b)

3

c)

6

d)

9

111.

Where does tRNA bring an amino acid to?

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

d)

Golgi apparatus

112.

A polypeptide is a sequence of:

a)

proteins

b)

base nucleotides

c)

amino acids

d)

monosaccharides

113.

Which organelle is the site where translation occurs?

a)

ribosomes

b)

tRNA

c)

mRNA

d)

lysosomes

114.

What is the function of DNA replication?

a)

A protein is made

b)

DNA makes a copy of itself

c)

Food is broken down

d)

A cell splits into two daughter cells

115.

Which enzyme unwinds and opens the double helix during DNA replication.

a)

ligase

b)

RNA polymerase

c)

DNA polymerase

d)

helicase

116.

Which enzyme glues the Okazaki fragments of the lagging strand together during DNA replication?

a)

helicase

b)

DNA polymerase

c)

ligase

d)

RNA polymerase

117.

What is the function of the enzyme DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

a)

DNA polymerase bonds free base nucleotides together to make a DNA strand.

b)

DNA polymerase attaches amino acids together on the ribosome.

c)

DNA polymerase attaches RNA nucleotides together to form a protein.

d)

DNA polymerase makes a polysaccharide

118.

Which of the following statements are true regarding TRANSCRIPTION? (mark all that apply)

a)

End results in synthesis of polypeptide chain

b)

End results in synthesis of mRNA

c)

Template is the genes in the genome

d)

Template is messenger RNA

e)

Ribosomes are present

119.

Which of the following are true regarding TRANSLATION? (mark all that apply)

a)

Occurs in the nucleus

b)

Occurs in the cytoplasm

c)

RNA polymerase is an enzyme used.

d)

DNA polymerase is an enzyme

e)

Transfer RNA is involved in the process

120.

Which of the following enzymes is needed for Transcription?

a)

Helicase

b)

DNA Polymeras

c)

RNA Polymerase

d)

Ligase

e)

Topoisomerase

121.

During TRANSCRIPTION, as the DNA is being read which nucleotides are being used to build the RNA? (mark all that apply)

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Guanine

e)

Uracil

122.

5) When Messenger RNA processing occurs, it does NOT occur in which of the following organisms?

a)

fungi

b)

bacteria

c)

plants

d)

animals

123.

During TRANSCRIPTION, which molecules and examples could be found? (mark all that apply)

a)

Triplet : TAC

b)

Codon: TAC

c)

Anticodon: UAC

d)

Triplet : AUG

e)

Codon : AUG

124.

Given the mRNA sequence - 3' AUG CAU GGU.5'. What is the original DNA template strand?

a)

5' TAC GTA CCA 3'

b)

5' UAC GUA CGA 3'

c)

3' UAC GUA CGA 5''

d)

3' TAC GTA CGA 5'

125.

Given the DNA template sequence of 3' TAC GTT ACT 5'. What is the corresponding mRNA strand?

a)

5'AUG CAA UGA 3'

b)

3' ATG CAA TGA 5'

c)

3'AUG CAA UGA 5'

d)

5' ATG CAA TGA 3'

126.

As for mRNA processing, which of the following are true? (mark all that apply)

a)

Introns are removed.

b)

When finished, final mRNA leaves the nucleus.

c)

The finalized mRNA has a cap and tail placed on it.

d)

Exons are spliced together.

127.

Which of the following steps is NOT part of TRANSCRIPTION in eukaryotes?

a)

Initiation

b)

Elongation

c)

Termination

d)

Transformation

128.

WHich of the following components are present during TRANSLATION? (mark all that apply)

a)

Introns

b)

Exons

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Transfer RNA

e)

Thymine

129.

What information is available from the table? (mark all that apply)

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

Amino acids

d)

Start anticodon

e)

Stop codon

130.

If a transfer RNA had the anticodon ACU, then what amino acid would it bring?

a)

His (histidine)

b)

Cys (cysteine)

c)

Arg (arginine)

d)

None

131.

Which of the DNA triplets would NOT code for Arg (arginine)?

a)

GCA

b)

GCG

c)

GCU

d)

GCC

132.

Which of the following labels are correct? (mark all that apply)

a)

#1: start codon

b)

#2: stop codon

c)

#3: tRNA

d)

#4 Amino acids

e)

#5 ester bond

133.

Which of the following parts are correctly matched? (mark all that apply)

a)

D: codons

b)

H: anticodons

c)

A: Polypeptide chain

d)

I: Ribosome

e)

B: Amino acid

134.

What is the major difference between mRNA and tRNA?

a)

Only tRNA has thymine.

b)

Only mRNA has uracil.

c)

Only mRNA has ribose as its sugar.

d)

Only tRNA is shaped like a three- leafed clover

135.

What is the anticodon for the codon 5' AUG 3' ?

a)

5' TAC 3'

b)

3' TAC 5'

c)

5' UAC 3'

d)

3' UAC 5'

136.

Which of the following docking sites are correctly labeled? (mark all that apply)

a)

#1: A site

b)

#2: P site

c)

#3: E site

d)

#2: M site

137.

Given the DNA strand: 3' TAC-TGT-GGT-TAA 5'. What is the amino acid sequence?

a)

Met-Thr-Pro-Ile

b)

Met-Pro-Thr-Ile

c)

Ile-Pro-Thr-Met

d)

Ile-Thr-Pro-Met

138.

one nucleotide is preplacced with a different nucleotide

a)

addition

b)

substitution(point)

c)

deletion

d)

inversion

139.

when a portion of the DNA is shifted in one direction due to a deleition or insertion

a)

frameshift

b)

gene

c)

deletion

d)

substitution

140.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
141.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
142.

A point mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence is known as a(n) ____________ mutation.

a)

Frameshift

b)

Nondisjunction

c)

Inversion

d)

Silent

143.

What type of mutation is shown in the image?

a)

Nondisjunction

b)

Gene Translocation

c)

Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion

d)

Frameshift

144.

What causes "sickle shaped" blood cells?

a)

Point Mutation

b)

Frameshift Mutation

c)

Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion

d)

Gene Translocation

145.

DNA molecule segment is : TTA-CGC-AAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTC-GCA-AG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Inversion

146.

What type of substitution mutation has no effect

on amino acids sequence

a)

Insertion Mutation

b)

Translocation

c)

Silent Mutation

d)

Deletion Mutation

147.

Mutations can be a result of...

a)

Environmental Exposure

b)

Lack of sleep

c)

Not enough exercise

148.

What is the mystery mutation?

a)

Nonsense

b)

Missense

c)

Frameshift

d)

Run-on

149.

A change in a single amino acid due to mutation is known as:

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Frameshift

d)

Silent

150.
Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?
a)
They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
b)
They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
c)
They often delete things that organisms need.
d)
Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
151.

Point mutation involves

a)

deletion

b)

insertion

c)

duplication

d)

changes in single base pair

152.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
153.

A point mutation in which the amino acid does not change.

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Deletion

d)

Silent mutation

154.

What type of gene mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-C-C-A-A

a)

Base Substitution

b)

Base Deletion

c)

Base Insertion

d)

Frameshift

155.
What type of gene mutation has occurred here? Normal-
AGA-TTC-ATA-GCG
Mutant-
AGA-TTC-AAT-AGC-G
a)
deletion frameshift
b)
insertion frameshift
c)
substitution
d)
nonsense
156.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Base Substitution
b)
Base Insertion
c)
Base Inversion
d)
Translocation
157.
A mutation that does NOT show up through protein function is called
a)
deletion mutation
b)
inversion mutation
c)
silent mutation
d)
transverse mutation
158.
Where do mutations occur?
a)
DNA and RNA
b)
DNA 
c)
RNA
d)
mRNA and tRNA
159.

A base pair substitution can result in all of the following except __________.

a)

Missense mutation

b)

Frameshift Mutation

c)

Silent Mutation

d)

Nonsense mutation

160.
What kind of mutation is the result of an insertion?
a)
Silent Mutation
b)
Missense mutation
c)
Nonsense mutation
d)
Frameshift mutation
161.

Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?

a)

They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

b)

They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

c)

They often delete things that organisms need.

d)

Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

162.

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Inversion

163.

Which of the following would result in a frameshift mutation?

a)

Insertions only

b)

Substitution only

c)

Deletion only

d)

Insertions and Deletions

164.
What is the correct mRNA strand from this DNA?
CAC-GTG-ACA-GCG
a)
GTG-CAC-TGT-CGC
b)
CAC-GUG-ACA-GCG
c)
GUG-CAC-UGU-CGC
165.

This type of substitution codes for a stop codon

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Silent

d)

Deletion

166.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
167.

A type of substitution in which no amino acids change is called

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Silent

d)

Deletion

168.

When an extra base has been added to the sequence of bases, this is what type of mutation?

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Inversion

d)

Insertion

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