Worksheets7th Block Earthquakes Unit Test Spring, '24
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 18mins
Choose the INcorrect answer: All are reasons some buildings are damaged more than others during an earthquake EXCEPT....
The strength of the building materials.
How close the building was to the earthquake's epicenter.
What type of soil the building is on.
The people living inside of the building.
The design of the building.
If an earthquake occurs at Point X, in which directions will the earthquake waves spread?
To triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake, how many seismographs are needed?
1
2
3
4
The place where the epicenter of an earthquake is located is _______________.
below the focus
P-wave
above the focus
normal fault
What TWO factors influence the heating and cooling of convection currents?
Density
Fusion
Gravity
Verticality
What TWO factors influence the heating and cooling of convection currents?
Density
Fusion
Gravity
Verticality
Choose THREE correct answers: What makes it possible for seismologists to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
P and S waves travel at different speeds.
P waves can travel through solids and liquids.
S waves can travel only through solids.
P and S waves that reach the seismograph at the SAME time show the focus.
Generally, what is the most important thing to remember during an earthquake?
Scream as loud as you can so everyone understands how scared you are.
Go outside and lay down next to a building.
Get on top of a piece of heavy furniture.
Stay calm.
SPECIFICALLY, which of of the following are part of your preparations if you live in a place where earthquakes happen often?
City leaders can turn off electricity for the whole city.
Anchor (connect) heavy furniture to the wall so it doesn’t fall as easily.
Know the locations in your home to turn off electricity, gas, and water.
Buy a soft mattress so you can hide under your bed in an emergency.
Los Angeles
Portland
Salt Lake City
San Francisco
Around what time was the first P wave detected?
100 sec
120 sec
150 sec
160 sec
Which location is farther from the epicenter?
Seismogram B (top)
Seismogram C (bottom)
Which location would experience a more intense earthquake?
Seismogram A (top)
Seismogram B (bottom)
Which letter represents surface waves?
A
B
C
All are surface waves
This model represents a
P wave shadow zone
S wave shadow zone
Surface wave shadow zone
Convection currents
If the Earth did NOT have a liquid outer core, how would earthquake waves travel differently?
P and S waves would both be absorbed.
Only S waves would travel through the Earth's core.
Shadow zones would not exist.
S waves would travel faster than P waves.
On Earth, the s wave shadow zone is caused by...
The liquid outer core
The solid inner core
The density differences in the mantle
Earth does not have s wave shadow zones
Recall Question! What is the formula for calculating (finding) density?
D=m/v
D=v/m
D=mv
D=mv/2
What is the relationship between the arrival of a P-wave and an S-wave?
The greater the difference in the time of arrival, the closer the location is to the earthquake.
The smaller the difference in the time of arrival, the further away the location is to the earthquake.
The greater the difference in time of arrival, the further away the location of the earthquake is.
Which seismogram record was made at the station closest to the earthquake?
Choose two answers that correctly describe convective motion.
Heat causes matter to rise.
Heat causes matter to sink.
Cold matter rises.
Cold matter sinks.
Hot and cold matter rises.
What causes matter to rise?
Heat decreases the density of matter by increasing volume.
Heat decreases the density of matter by decreasing volume.
Heat increases the density of matter by increasing volume.
Heat increases the density of matter by decreasing volume.
Which wave has the highest amplitude on a seismograph AND does the most structural damage?
P Wave
S Wave
Surface Wave
What is the S-P interval, also called “lag time”?
What are the two types of earthquake BODY waves?
P and S waves
Surface and Underground waves
Fast and Slow waves
Which of the following is TRUE about P-wave shadow zones?
There is 1 large shadow zone
There are 2 smaller shadow zones (due to refraction of waves)
There are NO P-wave shadow zones
P-waves do not travel through the Earth
How do you measure the S-P interval on a seismograph?
Find the time the first P wave arrived and the time the first S wave arrive. Subtract the P time from the S time.
S1-P1 = S-P interval
The end of the P waves time to the beginning of the S waves arrival
P-S = S-P interval
An aftershock is…
an earthquake that happens in the same location in the years following
the small earthquakes that happen before the main earthquake.
the traumatic experience of living through a strong earthquake.
a smaller earthquake following the main shock of a large earthquake.
What seismic wave travels through solids ONLY?
p-wave
s-wave
l-wave
tsunamis
Which letter in the picture identifies the focus?
A
B
C
What letter in the picture identifies the epicenter?
A
B
C
On the Richter scale what does the measurement increase by when the measurement goes up one whole number?
factor of 30
factor of 10
factor of 100
factor of 900
What type of FOLD is shown here?
Anticline
Syncline
Monocline
What's at the red 'X"?
Fault
Hypocenter...or focus
Triangulation
Epicenter
Which type of fault is this?
Normal
Reverse
Strike-slip
Your's
Which type of force is involved with this type of fault?
Compression
Tension
Shear
"THE"
Which wall is at "B"?
Hanging wall
Foot wall
"Another brick in the wall"
Berlin Wall
Which is NOT True about the triangulation (compass arc drawings) in the picture?
Station 3 is closest to the epicenter
The epicenter is where all three circles intersect.
The Earthquake was the same Magnitude at all stations
Station 2 is the furthest from the epicenter
On December 26, 2004, a major tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean. The tsunami traveled from its point of origin to as far away as Africa—nearly 5,000 km. The map below shows the countries most affected by this tsunami.
What was the cause of this tsunami?
an earthquake beneath the ocean
the impact of a large meteorite in the ocean
a sudden violent windstorm above the ocean water
a typhoon moving from the Indian Ocean toward India
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?
core
When plates slide past one another at a strike=slip fault, _________ occurs
mountain building
convection current
subduction zone
an earthquake
Why do quakes happen on Earth? Choose TWO correct answers.
convection currents in the mantle cause tectonic plates to move
conduction of electricity through Earth’s atmosphere
tension between the compositional layers of the Earth
tectonic plates collide and pull apart
Pacific Ring of Fire
What type of event is most likely to happen at a TRANSFORM fault boundary, such as the San Andreas Fault in California?
earthquake
hot spot
mountain building
volcano
Visual Vocabulary Question—Read the picture: Liquefaction is when...
the soil behaves like liquid
the ground becomes solid from pressure waves
magma rises to the surface
buildings are damaged, crumbling like liquid
The most destructive type of seismic wave is a
P-wave (or Primary wave)
S-wave (Secondary wave)
Surface wave (L or Longitudinal wave)
