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Biology STAAR review

Total questions: 72

Worksheet time: 2hrs 43mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

This model represents what kind of cell?

a)

Eukaryotic

b)

Prokaryotic

c)

Protozoal

d)

Fungal

2.

Amino acids are the monomer of which of the following macromolecules?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Nucleic acids

d)

Proteins

3.

Identify the stage of mitosis.

a)

Anaphase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Telophase

d)

Metaphase

4.

Movement of particles from high to low concentration is....

a)

Passive Transport

b)

Active Transport

5.

What do viruses have in common with living cells? They both...

a)

store genetic information

b)

have chloroplasts

c)

use glucose for cellular respiration

d)

have endoplasmic reticulum

6.

How would the DNA sequence GCATTC be transcribed to mRNA?

a)

GCTAAG

b)

GCATTC

c)

CGUAAG

7.

Scientists can determine relatedness among organisms by comparing partial amino acid sequences. The table shows four partial amino acid sequences from four organisms.


Which organism is the LEAST related to the other three organisms?

a)

Organism 1

b)

Organism 2

c)

Organism 3

d)

Organism 4

8.

The image shows part of the humerus bone in different genera of primates.

These structures are...

a)

Analogous

b)

Homologous

c)

Vestigial

9.

The diagram shows light- and dark-colored beetles that live on a tree.

Most likely, over time...

a)

the number of light-colored beetles in the population will increase.

b)

There will be more dark-colored beetles than light-colored beetles.

c)

The number of light-colored beetles will decrease.

10.

In ALL cells, proteins are synthesized (created) by which organelle?

a)

Golgi body

b)

Mitoichondrion

c)

Chromosomes

d)

Ribosomes

11.

Diffusion is a passive process because it requires NO ENERGY (ATP). What type of diffusion is shown in this diagram?

a)

Osmotic Diffusion

b)

Simple Diffusion

c)

Facilitated Diffusion

12.

Which process is represented by letter A?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Cellular respiration

c)

Transpiration

13.

What model of a biological process is shown?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Transcription

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Translation

14.

In DNA, adenine bonds with...

a)

Uracil

b)

Thymine

c)

Guanine

d)

Cytosine

15.

All of the following are functions of proteins EXCEPT—

a)

Store and transmit genetic information

b)

Build tissues such as bone and muscle

c)

Control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes

d)

Help fight disease

16.

Which of these occurs just before the cell enters the G2 stage of the cell cycle?

a)

the nuclear membrane disintegrates

b)

Centrioles form

c)

the nucleolus divides

d)

DNA replicates

17.

According to the graphs, the enzyme works best at what pH and temp?

a)

Temp above 50 degrees C & pH above 12

b)

Temp and pH have no effect on the action of this enzyme

c)

Temp of 50 degrees C and a pH of 10

d)

Temp of 35 degrees C and a pH of 8

18.

If 15% of a DNA sample is made up of thymine (T), what percentage of the sample is made up of adenine (A)?

a)

15%

b)

30%

c)

70%

d)

85%

19.

Identify the monomer.

a)

Amino acid

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Monosaccharide

d)

Fatty acid

20.
Which structures are found in every living cell?
a)
cell membrane and cytoplasm
b)
chloroplasts and mitochondria
c)
a cell wall and nucleus
d)
chloroplasts and cell wall
21.
measure of an organisms's ability to survive and produce offspring relative to other members of a population 
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Adaptation
c)
Fitness
d)
Variation
22.

All populations living together in a given area is known as a(n)...

a)

ecosystem

b)

community

c)

biodiversity

d)

population

23.

Organism that consume other organisms for food...

a)

heterotroph

b)

autotroph

c)

producer

d)

detritivore

24.
All the organisms in a particular location, including their nonliving environment
a)
ecosystem
b)
carnivore
c)
niche
d)
population
25.

In the food web shown, if the snake was removed from the ecosystem the grasshopper population would increase due to less predation from mice and birds.

a)

True

b)

False

26.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in the producers gets passed to the herbivores?
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
90%
27.
Nitrogen fixation processes nitrogen from which of the following sources?
a)
lightning
b)
fertilizers
c)
dead plants
d)
atmosphere
28.

Which is an example of a mutualistic relationship?

a)

a bee pollinates a flower

b)

a tapeworm takes nutrients from a dog

c)

an orchid lives in a tree but does not harm the tree

29.

In which type of relationship does one species benefit and the other is neither helped nor harmed?

a)

parasitism

b)

mutualism

c)

commensalism

30.
The nonliving aspects of an ecosystem.
a)
Abiotic factors
b)
Biotic factors
31.
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
a)

one

b)

two

c)

three

d)

five

32.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)

Bb

b)

Homozygote

c)

alleles

d)

Blue eyes

33.

Having two of the same genes for the trait is known as...

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

34.

In Snapdragons, crossing a white flower with a red flower produces offspring with pink flowers. Which of the following represents this pattern of inheritance?

a)

Simple inheritance

b)

Codominance

c)

Incomplete dominance

d)

Mendelian inheritance

35.
One form of a gene is called_______________
a)

DNA

b)

phenotype

c)

trait

d)

allele

36.

If green is dominant over purple, then which of the following would the possible genotype(s) of a purple individual?

a)

gg

b)

Gg

c)

GG

d)

Gg and gg

37.
The picture is an example of...
a)
active tranport
b)
passive transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
38.
a)

Nuclei are building amino acids for energy storage

b)

Ribosomes are building carbohydrates to increase energy output

c)

Chloroplasts are using energy to produce oxygen

d)

Mitochondria are using oxygen to produce ATP

39.

Which table correctly identifies how the plasma membrane contributes to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis?

a)

b)

c)

d)

40.
a)

Active transport, because energy is being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

b)

Facilitated diffusion, because energy is being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

c)

Osmosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

d)

Endocytosis because energy is not being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

41.

Put each label in the correct location in the Venn Diagram. (Make sure to put answers in DESCENDING number order.)

a)1.Sugar: Deoxyribose
b)2.Sugar: Ribose
c)3.Adenine
d)4.Thymine
e)5.Cytosine
f)6.Guanine
g)7.Uracil
h)8.Single Stranded
i)9.Double Stranded
j)10.Made of Nucleic Acids
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
42.
a)Backbone of DNA
b)Deoxyribose Sugar
c)Phosphate
d)Hydrogen Bonds
e)Guanine
f)Adenine
g)Thymine
h)Cytosine
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
43.
a)Nucleus
b)DNA
c)mRNA
d)tRNA
e)Ribosome
f)Amino Acid
g)Codon
h)Anticodon
i)Transcription
j)Translation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
44.

Match the following

a)

DNA

1.

Holds the genetic information of all living things.

b)

mRNA

2.

Carry protein information from the DNA in a cell's nucleus to the cell's cytoplasm.

c)

rRNA

3.

Major constituent of ribosomes.

d)

tRNA

4.

Brings the amino acids and places them in the correct potsition to create the desired protein

45.

When DNA splits into single strands to act as a template for a new strand of complementary DNA, it is called ​ (a)   . ​ The process by which ​ DNA is copied to ​ (b)   , which carries the information needed for protein synthesis is called ​ (c)   . The mRNA formed in transcription is transported out of the ​ (d)   , into the cytoplasm, to the ribosome (the cell's protein synthesis factory). With the help of tRNA the protein chain is assembled in a process known as ​ (e)   .

Choose from the below words
replication
mRNA
transcription
nucleus
translation
46.
What is the difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibria?
a)

Gradualism happens slowly over time and P.E. involves rapid changes preceded followed by long periods of little or no change

b)

P.E. is slowly but surely and Gradualism are rapid changes preceded followed by long periods of little or no change

c)

Gradualism has no intermediate forms of species

d)
punctuated equilibria has intermediate forms of species
47.

a)
b)
c)
d)
48.

Match the following

a)

Simple Diffusion

1.

When molecules passively cross the plasma membrane through the phospholipid bilayer

b)

Facilitated Diffusion

2.

When molecules passively cross the plasma membrane through a channel protein

c)

Osmosis

3.

The movement of water across the cell membrane

d)

Endocytosis

4.

Bringing in large materials through the cell membrane into a vacuole.

e)

Exocytosis

5.

Moving larger amounts or large quantities of materials through the cell membrane

49.

What distinguishes a plant cell from an animal cell? (How do you tell them apart) Hint: There's 3 ways (Check all 3)

a)

Central Vacuole

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Ribosomes

e)

Chloroplasts

50.
The two kinds of cells are Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. How are they different?
a)
Prokaryotes have a nucleus.
b)
Eukaryotes have a nucleus.
c)
Prokaryotes are plant cells.
d)
There is no difference.
51.

Match the following

a)
1.

Control center of the cell.

b)
2.

Makes energy for the cell.

c)
3.

Site of photosynthesis.

d)
4.

Site of protein synthesis.

e)
5.

Controls what goes in/out of the cell.

52.

Label the phases of Mitosis on the image shown. They are NOT in order.

a)Anaphase
b)Prophase
c)Interphase
d)Telophase
e)Metaphase
1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
53.
a)Interphase
b)G1 (Growth/ prepare DNA synthesis)
c)S (DNA replication)
d)G2 (Growth/ prepare for mitosis)
e)Prophase
f)Metaphase
g)Anaphase
h)Telophase
i)Mitosis
j)Cytokinesis
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
54.

Label the diagram

a)anticodon
b)mRNA
c)tRNA
d)Ribosome
e)amino acids
1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
55.

Each cell in the human body, with the exception of gametes, contains the same number of chromosomes and the same genetic sequences. Which process determines cell differentiation or cell specialization?

a)

Gene Expression

b)

Mutation of the Genes

c)

Different methods of cell division

d)

the host chooses

56.

Using the Codon chart attached, drag and drop the corresponding amino acid to its mRNA base

AAA : ​ (a)  

GUU : ​ (b)  

UAA : ​ (c)  

AGU : ​ (d)  

Choose from the below words
lysine
valine
stop
serine
57.

Both the respiratory system and the digestive system involve the uptake of necessary molecules from an animal’s surroundings. Alveoli are tiny sacs that aid in the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the lungs. Intestinal villi are tiny projections along the lining of the intestines used to take in nutrients from food passing through.

Which system must interact with the respiratory and digestive systems to transport gases and nutrients throughout the body?

a)

Endocrine

b)

Integumentary

c)

Immune

d)

Circulatory

58.

This plant is showing the turning or bending of a plant or other organism in response to a touch stimulus. It is known as _________________.

a)

phototropism

b)

thigmotropism

c)

gravitropism

d)

hydrotropism

59.

Match the following

a)

Mitochondria

1.

Powerhouse of the cell

b)

Photosynthesis

2.

The process in which plants make their own food

c)

Chloroplast

3.

Site of photosynthesis`

d)

Cellular Respiration

4.

breaks down glucose to produce ATP

60.

Which sequence represents the levels of organization found in a multicellular organism, from smallest to largest?

a)

cell --> tissue --> organ --> organ system

b)

organ system --> organ --> tissue --> cell

c)

tissue --> organ --> organ system --> cell

d)

cell --> organ system --> organ --> tissue

61.

A model of two structures that perform cellular processes is shown.

What are the products of the cellular processes in these organelles?

a)

I: glucose and carbon dioxide

II: oxygen and water

b)

I: carbon dioxide and oxygen

II: glucose and water

c)

I: oxygen and glucose

II: water and carbon dioxide

d)

I: carbon dioxide and water

II: glucose and oxygen

62.

Students studying the interaction among the reproductive parts of flowering plants make the graphic organizer shown.

Which terms best complete the numbered

blanks in the flowchart?

a)

(1) filaments (2) petals

(3) stigma

b)

(1) petals (2) ovule

(3) stigma

c)

(1) filaments (2) petals (3) ovule

d)

(1) petals (2) stigma (3) ovule

63.

The populations of which organisms will most likely increase as a result of a disease that suddenly reduced the population of Texas horned lizards?

a)

Grasses and ants

b)

Ants and grasshoppers

c)

Grasshoppers and Texas Cottonmouths

d)

Texas cottonmouths and red shouldered hawks

64.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

65.

What is the main difference between primary and secondary ecological succession?

a)

Primary begins WITHOUT soil; Secondary begins WITH soil

b)

Primary is the first state and secondary is the second stage

c)

Primary builds plant community; secondary builds animal community.

d)

Primary begins WITH soil; Secondary begins WITHOUT soil

66.

In a Central Texas grassland, the producers incorporate 12,000 kJ of energy from the sun into their tissues. About how much energy would be incorporated into the tissues of herbivores?

a)

12,000 kJ

b)

1,200 kJ

c)

10,800 kJ

d)

1,080 kJ

67.
A living relationship between two species in which one organism is harmed is called...
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
niche
68.
Refer to the illustration above. Level “A” is composed of
a)
secondary consumers
b)
primary consumers
c)
producers
d)
predators
69.
Which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?
a)
Owl
b)
Grasshopper
c)
Lilypad
d)
Mouse
70.
The aye-aye lemur is a mammal that feeds mostly on insect larvae that live inside trees. The aye-aye lemur has a specialized middle finger that is long and thin. The aye-aye lemur moves along a tree branch and taps the branch with its specialized finger. When the aye-aye lemur hears a difference in the echo, it will tear open the bark with its teeth until the insect tunnel is exposed. The aye-aye lemur then uses its specialized finger to reach the insect larvae and remove it. Which selective pressure most likely resulted in the development of the aye-aye lemur’s special adaptation? (7E)
a)
Limited availability of water
b)
Competing for mates
c)
Large numbers of natural predators
d)
Food sources that are hard to find
71.
Conservation biologists studying cheetah populations have determined that the lack of genetic diversity among the cheetahs is due to genetic drift. Which statement explains the most likely consequence of having a low genetic diversity on the cheetah population? (7F)
a)
The chances of a mutation occurring in the cheetah population are decreased, increasing the cheetah survival rate.
b)
The gene pool remains in equilibrium and future generations of cheetah offspring are
c)
The cheetah population becomes less likely to survive an outbreak of a disease or an environmental change, increasing the chance of species extinction.
d)
Genetic variability is maintained from older cheetah populations that have survived and endured environmental stressors.
72.
Male guppies found in areas without predators are more colorful than the ones found in locations with large predator populations. A population of adult guppies originating from an area with a large number of predators is transferred to a nearby area with few predators. Which of these is most likely to happen over a few generations? (7C)
a)
The mortality rate of the guppies will increase.
b)
Offspring will stop competing for resources.
c)
There will be an increase in mutations in the offspring.
d)
There will be an increase in the number of colorful guppies.

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