WorksheetsLOS 1
Total questions: 21
Worksheet time: 13mins
UNCLOS divides entities of the sea into 4 categories. What are they?
Island, rock, low-tide elevation, artificial island
Rock, low-tide elevation, continental slope, high sea
Island, rock, coastline, artificial island
Low-tide elevation, continental slope, artificial island, high sea
An “Island" must be:
A naturally formed creation
Surrounded by water
Above water at high tide
All of the above are correct
According to the Oxford Dictionary, what is terra firma?
A land
A dry land
A natural land
A floating land
What is an artificial island?
A naturally occurring island that has been eroded by waves
An island formed entirely through human construction or land reclamation
A small islet or sandbar that appears due to natural processes
A large island formed from volcanic activity
What is an archipelago?
A large island
A group of islands
A peninsula
A submerged landmass
What is the main purpose of the archipelagic waters concept in UNCLOS?
Define the territorial waters of island nations
Regulate fishing rights in island archipelagos
Define the continental shelf limits for island nations
Establish a special legal regime for island groups forming a single country
What are the rights and obligations of an archipelagic state within its archipelagic waters?
Archipelagic waters are completely closed to foreign ships and aircraft.
An archipelagic state has full sovereignty over its archipelagic waters, similar to territorial waters.
Foreign ships have unrestricted right of passage through archipelagic waters.
An archipelagic state can only exploit resources within its archipelagic waters.
How many types of archipelagic states?
3 types: coastal, non-coastal and archipelagic states
2 types: one archipelago and more than one archipelagos and may include other islands
1 types: a archipelago and other islands
None of the above
What is the main difference between a canal and an international strait under UNCLOS?
Canals are always artificial waterways, while straits are natural formations.
International straits connect two areas of the high seas/ EEZ, whilst canals might connect different maritime zones.
Only straits can be used for international navigation.
There is no legal distinction between canals and straits in UNCLOS.
What are the legal status of international straits under UNCLOS Article 38, 39?:
(1) Vessels and aircraft are all entitled to unobstructed transit
(2) Vessels and aircraft are obliged to pass without delay through or over the strait
(3) Vessels and aircraft are obliged to refrain from any activities other than those incident to their normal modes of continuous and expeditious transit
(4) Vessels and aircraft are obliged to refrain from any threat or use of force against the sovereignty, territorial integrity, or political independence of States bordering the strait, or in any other manner in violation of the principles of international law embodied in the Charter of the United Nations; between a canal and an international strait under UNCLOS?
(1) and (4)
(1), (2) and (4)
(2) and (4)
(3) and (4)
Which of the following statements about Suez Canal is/are correct?:
(1) Suez is a man-made navigation canal
(2) Suez links Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea
(3) The economic significance of Suez Canal is less than that of Panama Canal
(1) only
(1) and (2)
(2) and (3)
All are correct
How many types of pollution according to the UNCLOS 1982?
6 types: land-based activities; seabed activities subject to national jurisdiction; activities in the Area; ocean dumping; vessel- source pollution; and pollution from or through the atmosphere.
5 types: land-based and coastal activities; continental-shelf drilling; potential seabed mining; ocean dumping; vessel- source pollution.
4 types: land- based activities; coastal activities; vessel - source pollution; potential seabed mining,
6 types: land-based activities; seabed activities subject to national jurisdiction; activities in the Area; ocean dumping; vessel- source pollution; and pollution from or through the land-based.
"Under Article 211 of UNCLOS, what measures are coastal states required to take regarding marine pollution from installations within their jurisdiction?"
They must establish marine protected areas around installations.
They must regulate and oversee activities of installations to prevent pollution.
They must seek approval from the International Seabed Authority (ISA) for any pollution incidents.
They have no jurisdiction over pollution from installations under UNCLOS.
According to article 1(1)(4) of UNCLOS, “pollution of the marine environment" means the introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy into:
The marine environment, including estuaries
The marine environment, including estuaries, which results or is likely to result in such deleterious effects
The sea
The marine environment
According to Article 211(6)(a) of UNCLOS: Within …. months after receiving such a communication, the organization shall determine whether the conditions in that area correspond to the requirements set out above:
6
8
12
24
According to UNCLOS, “land-based marine pollution” is NOT includes:
Pollution of the marine environment from or through the atmosphere
Pollution of the marine environment from rivers, estuaries, pipelines and outfall structures
Pollution of the marine environment from seabed activities
Pollution of the marine environment from discharging into the marine environment through outfalls
According to UNCLOS 1982, which of the following types of marine pollution is primarily associated with the discharge of water from ships?
Pollution from dumping
Thermal pollution
Pollution from/through the atmosphere
Pollution from vessel
According to UNCLOS, which forms of pollution are addressed in the convention as threats to the marine environment and require preventive measures by member states?
Oil pollution, pollution from vessels, and pollution from land-based sources
Chemical pollution, noise pollution, and pollution from aquaculture
Oil pollution, plastic pollution, and pollution from agricultural runoff
Pollution from vessels, pollution from dumping activities, and pollution from seabed activities
According to Article 210 of UNCLOS, how should countries cooperate in preventing and controlling land-based and atmospheric marine pollution (except diplomatic conferences)?
Cooperation through international organizations.
Cooperation through regional organizations.
Cooperation through non-profit organizations.
Cooperation through military measures.
Where can sea-bed activities that cause pollution take place?
Territorial sea or continental shelf only
International seabed only
In shallow coastal waters only
Both territorial sea/continental shelf and international seabed
What is the main distinction between pollution from seabed oil transport and other sea-based activities mentioned?
The type of oil being transported
The location where the pollution occurs
The way the pollution is regulated
The severity of the pollution
