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WH Europe 1880 - 1914 by Mr. Ray

Total questions: 111

Worksheet time: 1hrs 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Why was steel used in place of iron in the Second (I.R.) Industrial Revolution?

a)

Steel could be made cheaply and efficiently.

b)

Iron was lighter and could be used to make smaller machines.

c)

Steel made better-looking machines and railways.

d)

Iron could be used only in the textile industry.

2.

Electricity was especially valuable because it was a power source and because it

a)

didn't cost anything to create.

b)

did not use wires or rails.

c)

made other inventions possible.

d)

worked better than chemicals to run machinery

3.

How did assembly lines affect sales?

a)

Sales decreased because they were harder to make..

b)

Sales decreased because fewer goods were produced on assembly lines.

c)

Sales stayed the same because goods were produced faster but the raw materials cost more.

d)

Sales increased because goods were produced faster on assembly lines and thus were cheaper.

4.

Production in large amounts, usually by machinery, is known as

a)

a world economy.

b)

increased sales.

c)

mass production.

d)

consumer goods.

5.

Why did the countries to the south and east in Europe have a lower standard of living than those to the north and west?

a)

The countries to the south and east remained agricultural.

b)

The countries to the north and west chose to invest money in their agricultural industries.

c)

The southern and eastern countries had fewer people.

d)

The northern and western countries had more intelligent populations.

6.

What did discriminated workers use to achieve their goals?

a)

socialist organizations

b)

trade unions

c)

riots

d)

capitalists

7.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a big business in the years following the Civil War?
a)
Oil
b)
Shipping and Railroads
c)
Steel
d)
Agriculture
8.
What device did Alexander Graham Bell create that changed communication forever?
a)
Telegraph
b)
Telephone
c)
Internet
d)
Electrical systems
9.

City governments began to require clean water and housing in order to

a)

reduce disease.

b)

reduce rents.

c)

increase profits.

d)

improve satisfaction.

10.

Which social class in Europe in the 1800s was the largest?

a)

upper-middle class

b)

aristocratic class

c)

middle classs

d)

lower or working clas

11.

In the 1840s and 1850s, the movement for women's rights demanded

a)

universal male suffrage.

b)

equal political rights.

c)

better working conditions.

d)

religious freedom.

12.

Why did employers first hire women?

a)

There were not enough men to fill all the low-paying white-collar jobs.

b)

Women were better at white-collar jobs than men were.

c)

The government had laws that forced everyone to hire women.

d)

Women had always been hired equally with men to work outside the home.

13.

Women demonstrating for the right to vote were often treated

a)

with dignity and respect.

b)

like criminals.

c)

like children.

d)

as objects of pity.

14.

Women's struggle for equality began

a)

in the Enlightenment in the late 1700s.

b)

in the 1830s when feminists in the United States and Europe wanted the right to own property.

c)

in the late 1800s when Florence Nightingale and Clara Barton elevated the field of nursing.

d)

after World War I when women achieved the right to vote.

15.

Why did many people migrate from rural areas to cities?

a)

to get away from agriculture

b)

to find jobs in factories

c)

to find better housing

d)

to escape epidemics

16.

How did leisure pursuits change after the world became industrialized?

a)

Husbands and wives worked together and played together.

b)

People pursued leisure activities separately from work.

c)

Families enjoyed themselves whenever they were home together.

d)

Work and leisure took place at the same time.

17.
Industrialized cities improved life for all people by accomplishing __________
a)
the creation of sports teams
b)
the creation of amusement parks
c)
the creation of dance halls
d)
the creation of homes, health & sanitation systems
18.

A woman who fought for the right to vote was known as a _____.

a)
communist
b)
suffragist
c)
socialist
d)
capitalist
19.
Which of the following made automobiles possible?
a)
steam engine
b)
wheels
c)
horses
d)
internal combustion engine
20.
The new wealthy elite in Europe consisted of;
a)
Industrialists
b)
bankers
c)
merchants
d)
All of the above
21.
Many workers reacted to poor working conditions by _____. 
a)
dancing
b)
unionizing
c)
working for universal voting rights
d)
quiting their jobs
22.
Who authored the “Communist Manifesto” ?
a)
Karl Marx
b)
Friedrich Engels
c)
Karl Marx & Fredrich Engels
d)
Henry Ford
23.
working class people who were oppressed
a)
bourgeoisie
b)
capitalists
c)
proletariat
d)
industrialists
24.
Why was the right to strike important to the trade union movement?
a)
It allowed them to practice their hobby of picketing.  
b)
It forced employers to give them better working conditions.
c)
It forced employers to give them better pay.
d)
It forced employers to give them better working conditions and pay.
25.
The _______ were the oppressive middle class of the 2nd industrial revolution
a)
proletariat
b)
suffrage
c)
bourgeoisie
d)
compulsory
26.
The _______ were the working class people who were oppressed during the 2nd industrial revolution.
a)
Proletariat
b)
suffrage
c)
Bourgeoisie
d)
advocate
27.
Which invention led to the efficient mass production of goods?
a)
the Bessemer process
b)
the Assembly Line
c)
Hydroelectric Power Stations
d)
Light Bulbs
28.
Who called working class people the "Proletariat" in a book?
a)
Karl Marx
b)
Henry Ford
Henry Ford
c)
Guglielmo Marconi
d)
Thomas Edison
29.
1st to use the assembly line
a)
Joseph Swan
b)
Thomas Edison
c)
Henry Ford 
d)
Guglielmo Marconi 
30.
Compulsory education laws led to a new demand for _____.
a)
building contractors
b)
taxes
c)
teachers 
d)
newspapers
31.
Compulsory means _____.
a)
voluntary
b)
interesting
c)
professional
d)
required
32.
Suffrage means _____.
a)
pain
b)
the right to vote
c)
making money
d)
suffering
33.
Cities grew in 19th Century Europe because;
a)
people wanted to live near their friends.
b)
jobs were disappearing the rural areas.
c)
cities had factory jobs, clean water, and sanitation.
d)
people wanted to live near nature.
34.
As a result of ______, people's lives became more clearly divided into periods of work & leisure. 
a)
feminism
b)
industrialization
c)
public education
d)
universal male suffrage
35.
Which of the following is a french word for "middle class"?
a)
suffrage
b)
advocate
c)
bourgeoisie
d)
proletariat
36.
Who sent the 1st radio waves across the Atlantic?
a)
Thomas Edison
b)
Guglielmo Marconi 
c)
Henry Ford 
d)
Alexander Graham Bell
37.
_____ created the 1st airplane
a)
Henry Ford
b)
Thomas Edison
c)
Karl Marx
d)
Orville & Wilbur Wright 
38.

The 'New Elite" is a term that is used to described a new class emerged in the 19th century, which includes:

a)

The landed aristocracy and the upper class.

b)

The upper class and the upper-middle class

c)

The new elite class and the upper-middle class

d)

the landed upper-middle class and the aristocracy

39.

What is another term for the 'lower class'?

a)

struggling class

b)

the subaltern

c)

the oppressed class

d)

the working class

40.

Which of the following is CORRECT:

a)

In the 1830s, women started to have the right to own property

b)

According the law during the 19th century, only fathers had control over the property of their daughters.

c)

Women's rights movement began with the fight for the right of receiving higher education

d)

Suffragists had only one basic aim, which is the the right of women to a full citizenship.

41.

The most active women's movement in Europe, was in:

a)

France

b)

Germany

c)

Britain

d)

Sweden

42.

Which of the following was a MAJOR consequence of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain?

a)

Trade agreements were broken as the country became more self-reliant

b)

Harsh working conditions in factories caused a decrease in population

c)

Many people moved in from rural areas to cities in search of work

d)

Trade schools increased economic opportunities for women

43.

Which factor created favorable conditions for the I.R. in Great Britain?

a)

Low rural population in central England

b)

Presence of large oil reserves in the N. Sea

c)

Large deposits of iron and coal in England

d)

Abundance of grain and livestock in S. Scotland

44.

Imperialism refers to -

a)

A political and / or economic control of one area or country by another

b)

The moral responsibility of Europeans to "civilize" "primitive" people

c)

Rule by military force, supported by the landed elites

d)

Movements to establish greater democracy

45.

The Boxers were angry that Westerners were changing Chinese -

a)

Government

b)

Religion

c)

Traditions

d)

All of the above

46.

Which of the following was a major drawback of the I.R.?

a)

Birth of the middle class

b)

Development of new consumer goods

c)

Use of child labor

d)

development of railroads

47.

Which invention contributed most to the I.R.?

a)

Magnetic Compass

b)

Electric light bulb

c)

Steam Engine

d)

Mechanical Reaper

48.

Which of the following could be argued to be a long term impact of the I.R.?

a)

An increase in the number of small family farms

b)

A decline in international trade

c)

A general rise in the standards of living

d)

A strengthening of the economic power on the nobility

49.

Lightbulbs were invented by _______ in the United States

a)

Bessemer

b)

Joseph Swan

c)

Thomas Edison

50.

Who was to blame for the poor conditions in industrial cities?

a)

Workers

b)

Farmers

c)

Capitalists

51.

Marx believed society was splitting into two hostile camps. Select 2 that apply.

a)

bourgeoisie oppressors

b)

working-class proletariat - oppressed

c)

middle-class men

d)

middle-class women

52.

The right to strike means that union workers can do what? select all that apply

a)

refuse to work until they are fed

b)

refuse to work until children are in school

c)

refuse to work until working conditions are improved

d)

refuse to work until wages are raised

53.

What THREE products were created from steel?

a)

Railways

b)

Ships

c)

Weapons

d)

Houses

54.

What THREE forms of energy was electricity converted into?

a)

Power

b)

Heat

c)

Light

d)

Motion

55.

Which country is NOT one of the countries that made up the advanced industrialized core of Europe?

a)

Great Britain

b)

Belgium

c)

France

d)

Russia

56.

Where were many of the industrialized workers forced to live in?

a)

Crowded Slums

b)

Countryside

c)

Suburbs

d)

Condos

57.

What system was blamed for the harsh conditions under socialism?

a)

Corrupt Communism

b)

Fearful Fascism

c)

Industrial Capitalism

d)

Independent Isolationism

58.

Who owned the means of production?

a)

Dictators

b)

Oppressors

c)

Royalty

59.

What did pure Marxists believe could only be defeated by a violent revolution?

a)

Capitalism

b)

Communism

c)

Socialism

d)

Fascism

60.

What is it called where union representatives negotiate with employers over wages and hours?

a)

Feudalism

b)

Collective Bargaining

c)

Reform

d)

Vertical Integration

61.

What is it called where the union calls for its workers not to work?

a)

Strike

b)

Collective Bargaining

c)

Jubilation

d)

Market Enterprise

62.
Karl Marx and Frederick Engels wrote which of the following books in 1848?
a)
The Principles of Communism
b)
The Communist Manifesto
c)
Socialism: Utopian and Scientific 
d)
Wage-Labor and Capital
63.
What type of government did Germany have?
a)
A dynastic monarchy under the Romanov Dynasty
b)
A two party, parliamentary system led by the Prime Minister
c)
A representative democracy with two governing bodies of elected officials
d)
Two governing bodies led by the Chancellor, second only to the Kaiser
64.
What group bettered the working and living conditions of workers?
a)
new elite
b)
trade unions
c)
socialists
d)
bourgeoisie
65.
This picture represents which class in industrializing Europe
a)
The Laboring Classes 
b)
Not Apart of Industrializing Europe 
c)
The British Aristocracy
d)
The Middle Classes 
66.
What happened to the middle class women in the late 19th century?
a)
Killed off by the Black Plague 
b)
Entered teaching, clerical and nursing professions.  
c)
Started working in the factories
d)
Stayed home maintaining the household and child-rearing responsibilities. 
67.
People who work with their hands are called...
a)
white collar
b)
blue collar
68.

The Industrial Revolution began in ...

a)
United States
b)
Great Britain
c)
France
d)
Germany
69.
Responses to the Industrial Revolution
a)
Socialism, Women's Rights, Communism, Living and Working Conditions
b)
Less Food Supply, Decrease in Population, Decrease in Population
c)
Less Textiles, Less Food, Increase in Disease
d)
Increase in Unemployment, Increase in Wages, Increase in Starvation
70.
The Industrial Revolution spread fast because of
a)
Capitalism
b)
Communism
c)
Individualism
d)
Socialism
71.

The 2nd Industrial Revolution had a positive effect on mainly the Northern Countries of Europe.

a)

True

b)

False

72.
Which of the following was a problem associated with urbanization?
a)
substandard housing and poor sanitation
b)
shortages of domestic help
c)
feelings of isolation & loneliness
d)
higher wages
73.

Which is NOT a reason that Europeans were able to buy more goods during the 2nd Industrial Revolution.

a)

Wages for workers decreased.

b)

Wages for workers increased.

c)

Assembly line made goods more available and cheaper.

d)

Prices were lower because of improved transportation.

74.

After the discovery of electricity, which is NOT one of the inventions that soon followed.

a)

Phone

b)

Lightbulb

c)

Electric Cars

d)

Subway Lines

75.

A revisionist Marxist would most likely start a war to end capitalism.

a)

True

b)

False

76.

The industrial revolution created a larger middle class in Europe. The group at the top of this new middle class were called?

a)

Lower-middle class

b)

Working Class

c)

New Elite

77.

Why did Italy struggle to unite as a country under a Democracy?

a)

Italy was full of immigrants from foreign lands.

b)

Italy was heavily influenced by what Germany and Austria-Hungary did.

c)

Italy was divided by the industrialized north and the agricultural south.

78.

By 1900, this country became the richest in the world.

a)

Great Britain

b)

Germany

c)

France

d)

United States

79.

This famous German chancellor/prime minister did all he could to prevent Germany from becoming a democracy in the 1800's.

a)

Albert Einstein

b)

Adolph Hitler

c)

Otto Von Bismarck

d)

William II

80.

Which social theory led to a strong belief in Nationalism throughout the world, and unfortunately crimes against different races.

a)

Darwinism

b)

Modernism

c)

Impressionism

d)

Abstract

81.

Which class made up the majority of mass society?

a)

Upper

b)

Middle

c)

Lower

d)

Working

82.

Throughout the 1800s, what remained the only honorable and available career for most women?

a)

Doctors

b)

Wife

c)

Teachers

d)

Lawyers

83.

What opened the door for new jobs for women?

a)

First Industrial Revolution

b)

Second Industrial Revolution

c)

Third Industrial Revolution

d)

Fourth Industrial Revolution

84.

Who transformed the nursing profession into the trained, middle-class "women in white?"

a)

Amalie Sieveking

b)

Sally Tomkins

c)

Florence Nightingale

d)

Juniper Knowles

85.

Name the 1800s movement to that wanted to overturn traditional values that stood in the way of women's equality.

a)

bourgeoisie

b)

modernism

c)

feminism

d)

zionism

86.

Th ideas of natural selection and “survival of the fittest” applied to nations—was used to justify the dominance of Western civilization.

a)

Anti-Social Genetics

b)

Mass Production

c)

Social Darwinism

d)

bourgeoisie

87.
Which of the following was created or used during the Second Industrialization?
a)
Railroads
b)
Iron
c)
Textiles
d)
Electricity
88.
What is the movement from rural to urban areas called?
a)
Moving
b)
colonization
c)
inflation
d)
urbanization
89.

As Western Europe gained economic strength, its people demanded

a)

democratic governments.

b)

higher pay.

c)

a strong monarch

d)

national unity.

90.

Nicholas II believed that

a)

democracy was the best form of government.

b)

social reforms should follow economic reforms.

c)

the czar should have absolute power.

d)

granting civil liberties would improve people's lives.

91.

What is the principle of ministerial responsibility?

a)

The prime minister is responsible to the monarch.

b)

The prime minister is responsible to the elected legislative body.

c)

The prime minister must support executive officers.

d)

The prime minister is responsible to bishops.

92.

What happened when Louis-Napoleon's Second Empire collapsed?

a)

France went to war against Italy and Germany.

b)

Charles V took over the government.

c)

Women and men were granted the right to vote.

d)

France established the Third Republic.

93.

What countries made up the Triple Entente?

a)

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

b)

Russia, France, and Great Britain

c)

Greece, Serbia, and Montenegro

d)

Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Italy

94.

taking over another country's land

a)

Direct Rule

b)

Nationalism

c)

Indirect Rule

d)

Colonization

95.

cash crops and minerals are examples of

a)

Repeal

b)

Apartheid

c)

raw materials

d)

Industrial Revolution

96.

taking pride in one's country

a)

Nationalism

b)

Colonization

c)

Imperialism

d)

Apartheid

97.

What is Liberalism?

a)

freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law.

b)

end of autocracy

c)

equal rules for all

98.

What was conservatism?

a)

strict rules on the society

b)

social norms became conservative

c)

monarchy, the Church, social hierarchies, property and the family – should be preserved

99.

A ‘Utopian Society’ is

a)

a society under a benevolent monarchy

b)

a society that is unlikely to ever exist

c)

a society under the control of a chosen few wise men

d)

a society under Parliamentary Democracy

100.

Pick out the correct definition to define the term ‘Plebiscite’.

a)

Plebiscite is a direct vote by which only the female members of a region are asked to accept or reject a proposal.

b)

Plebiscite is a direct vote by the female members of a matriarchal system to accept or reject a proposal.

c)

Plebiscite is a direct vote by only a chosen few from the total population of a particular region to accept or reject a proposal.

d)

Plebiscite is a direct vote by which all the citizens of a region are asked to accept or reject a proposal.

101.

The Civil Code of 1804 in France is usually known as:

a)

The French Revolutionary Code

b)

Napoleonic Code

c)

European Imperial Code

d)

The French Civil Code

102.

The term ‘Universal Suffrage’ means:

a)

the right to vote and get elected, granted only to men.

b)

the right to vote for all adults.

c)

the right to vote and get elected, granted exclusively to property owning men.

d)

the right to vote and get elected, granted only to educated men and women.

103.

Who said ‘When France sneezes, the rest of Europe catches cold’?

a)

Garibaldi

b)

Bismarck

c)

Mazzini

d)

Duke Metternich

104.

Socially and politically dominant class

in Europe during mid-eighteenth

century was_ .

a)

The Nobility

b)

The landed aristocracy

c)

The Church

d)

The absolute monarchs

105.
which of the following is NOT an aspect of nationalism?
a)
common history
b)
common language
c)
common religion
d)
common job
106.

The countries/kingdoms/empires that restored peace and maintained peace in Europe after the French Revolution. They were committed to maintaining a Balance of Power in Europe.

a)

European Union

b)

United Nations

c)

Concert of Europe

d)

Triple Entente

107.

What 2 ideas OR movements helped the Map of Europe change from 1815 – 1885?

a)

Conservatism

b)

Liberalism

c)

Socialism

d)

Nationalism

108.

What impact did the Crimean War have on the Concert of Europe?

a)

It made the Concert of Europe stronger

b)

It had no impact on the Concert of Europe

c)

It destroyed the Concert of Europe

109.

Which of the two following European countries united in 1870 and 1871 because of Nationalism?

a)

Belgium

b)

Germany

c)

Greece

d)

Italy

110.

By 1885 there was a new balance of power in Europe. Which of the following countries were in the top three of that Balance of Power?

a)

Russia

b)

Great Britain

c)

France

d)

Italy

e)

Germany

111.

Romanticism refers to

a)

cultural movement

b)

economic movement

c)

political movement

d)

literacy movement