WorksheetsTranslation & Transcription
Total questions: 42
Worksheet time: 42mins
What is the genetic code?
Enzyme that copies the DNA into the mRNA by complementary base pairing
Collection of codons of mRNA which are used to build proteins
The process of making an mRNA molecule from a DNA template
A single stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose and uracil bases
What is a mutation?
A change in the genetic information of a cell
Entire set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA
A single stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose and uracil bases
The process of making an mRNA molecule from a DNA template
Define "genome."
The process of making an mRNA molecule from a DNA template
Enzyme that copies the DNA into the mRNA by complementary base pairing
Entire set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA
Collection of codons of mRNA which are used to build proteins
What is "ribonucleic acid (RNA)"?
The process of making an mRNA molecule from a DNA template
Enzyme that copies the DNA into the mRNA by complementary base pairing
Entire set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA
A single stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose and uracil bases
What is the process of "Transcription" in genetics?
Collection of codons of mRNA which are used to build proteins
A change in the genetic information of a cell
Enzyme that copies the DNA into the mRNA by complementary base pairing
The process of making an mRNA molecule from a DNA template
What is the process by which the sequence of bases of mRNA is converted into the sequence of amino acids of a protein called?
Replication
Transcription
Translation
Mutation
What is a codon?
A type of RNA that carries amino acids
A set of three bases on the mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid
A set of three bases on the tRNA that is complementary to a codon
A type of RNA that forms ribosomes
What is an anticodon?
A set of three bases on the mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid
A type of RNA that carries amino acids
A set of three bases on the tRNA that is complementary to a codon
A type of RNA that forms ribosomes
What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA) during translation?
It carries a single amino acid to a ribosome
It is a copy of DNA made during transcription
It forms ribosomes
It codes for a specific amino acid
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?
A type of RNA that carries amino acids
A type of RNA that forms ribosomes
A copy of DNA made during transcription that holds instructions for building proteins
A set of three bases on the tRNA that is complementary to a codon
What is ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
A type of RNA that carries amino acids
A copy of DNA made during transcription that holds instructions for building proteins
A type of RNA that forms ribosomes
A set of three bases on the mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid
What is this a picture of?
a codon
a double helix
a nucleotide
a ribosome
There are four possible nitrogen bases in a nucleotide of DNA.
C always pairs with
(a)
There are four possible nitrogen bases in a nucleotide of DNA.
A always pairs with
(a)
RNA is single stranded.
True
False
In RNA, A always pairs with
T
U
G
C
Proteins are made by the ribosomes in the
nucleus
golgi body
cytoplasm
ER
Write the complementary strand of RNA using the strand below. Put a space between every set of 3 letters.
CCG AAT TTC GCA
(a)
DO YOU REMEMBER?!
What is the nitrogen base ONLY found in DNA?
adenine
uracil
guanine
cytosine
thymine
How many nucleotides equal make up a codon?
1
2
3
4
What is the difference between the sugar in DNA and RNA?
In DNA, the sugar is Deoxyribose while in RNA the sugar is Ribose
In DNA, the sugar is Ribose while in RNA the sugar is Deoxyribose
In DNA, it is a 5 carbon sugar while in RNA it is only a 4 carbon sugar.
There is no difference between the sugars
A mutation is defined as:
A change in the cell's structure
Anything that changes in an embryo
Any change in the physical features of a human
A change in the DNA sequence
A mutation can occur if a base pair is ____________, deleted or substituted for another.
modified
added
transferred
Mutations are random.
True
False
This type of mutation involves inserting a piece of DNA where it does not belong. Known as a frameshift mutation.
Substitution Mutation
Deletion Mutation
Insertion Mutation
This type of mutation involves removing a piece of DNA where it belongs.
Known as a frameshift mutation.
Substitution Mutation
Insertion Mutation
Deletion Mutation
What are the building blocks of proteins called?
DNA
RNA
Ribosomes
Amino Acids
The survival of a species depends on its ability to adapt to changes in the environment. Which statement correctly describes a way that mutations increase the likelihood that a species will survive in a changing environment?
Mutations are a source of variation in the species
Mutations are the cause of disease in the species
Mutations are not harmful when they occur in somatic cells
Mutations are always passed on to subsequent generations
What describes a change in the DNA sequence?
Transcription
Translation
DNA replication
Mutation
Apoptosis
Mutations are random.
True
False
Mutations are SOMETIMES helpful to the organism.
True
False
