A document authenticated by a notary public or competent public official with solemnities required by law. (Cacnio vs. Baens, 5 Phil. 742)

It is issued by the government or its agents or its officers having the authority to do and the offices, which in accordance with their creation, they are authorized to issue and be issued in the performance of their duties.

Is executed by a private individual without the intervention of a notary public or of any person legally authorized, by which documents some disposition or agreement is proved, evidenced or set forth.

David is working on a project that involves a document executed in accordance with the Code of Commerce or a Mercantile Law, containing disposition of commercial rights or obligations.

A branch of FORENSIC SCIENCE which focuses on the analysis of documents which are disputed.

A legal term used to describe a witness who by reason of his special training or experience is permitted to express an opinion regarding the issue, or a certain aspect of the issue, which is involved in a court action.

Refers to any change in the Document thereto. It is made either by adding, subtracting or altering the ingredients, or interlineating or inserting new character.

It refers to any (word, letter, number, etc.) out, strikes out or scratched after its original preparation. It is occasionally found in a legal document such as a will, deed, or contract where the writer intends to eliminate a word, name, or sentence without the necessity of rewriting the entire matter.

The process of covering up or erasing the original text to conceal it as an addition.

These are public or private experts who analyze, alter, obliterate, change, or doctor documents and photos using infrared lighting, expensive spectrograph equipment, or digital enhancement techniques.

These are usually psychology experts who assess personality traits from handwriting samples, also called graphologist or graph analyst.

These refer to the same purpose but by looking at semantics, spelling, word choice, syntax, and phraseology.

These are experts on the origin, make, and model used in typewritten material.

In the Logical Progress of Inquiry in Document Examination, in what part where it concerns the document in question to specifically select either it is a "QUESTIONED", "DENIED", "ADMITTED, "AUTHENTIC", and/or "DOUBTFUL" document?

In the Forensic Investigation of a Suspicious Document, in what part where it concerns the document in question to synthesize the elements, date, circumstances, conditions, technical problems and the likes?

In the process of inquiry of suspicious document, what part involves determining the necessary time to prepare, gathering the materials needed, coordinating with the client, and organizing the timeline of the case?

In a Scientific Method of Questioned Document Examination, in what part are the properties or characteristics being observed or measured for the subject/document in question?

In a forensic investigation, in what part are the characteristics of the unknown substance determined through analysis being compared with the known properties of similar substances?

In a Scientific Method of Questioned Document Examination, this is to identify the differences and presentation of various characteristics. In this method, what part involves assigning a certain quality to each difference based on its likelihood of occurrence and significance?

In what part is the process of double-checking the accuracy and correctness of the examination usually conducted by other experts in the said field?

Any examination or study which is made with a microscope to discover minute physical details is _____.

A type of examination which is very essential in every document examination. Actual observations are recorded in the photograph is used. It is called _____.

This type of examination is done in a darkroom after the lamp has been warmed up in order to give a maximum output of the ultraviolet should be to the minimum duration in order to avoid fading of some writing and typewriter ribbon. The exposure of a document to ultraviolet light is useful when it consists of several pages and substitution is being suspected. It is called _____.

This analysis of documents involves using radiation beyond the visible spectrum, which is captured on a specialized photographic emulsion. What is this process called?

The result of a very complicated series of facts, being used as whole, combination of certain forms of visible mental and muscular habits acquired by long, continued painstaking effort also knows as “visible speech.”

A kind of handwriting in which one letter is joined to the next (connected writing).

Nora was practicing different styles of handwriting. She came across a kind of handwriting in which it is a separate printed writing.

A kind of handwriting in which it is all capital letters.

It is a kind of movement in handwriting where the thumb, the fist, the second and slightly the third finger are in actual motion. Mostly employed by children and illiterates.

It is a kind of movement produced by the action of the whole hand with the wrist as the center of attraction.

It is a kind of movement of the shoulder, hand and arm with the support of the table.

It is a kind of action of the entire arm without resting i.e., blackboard writing.

The unique way in which the various muscles used to work together to produce a writing.

They are known writings which indicate how a person writes. A condensed and compact set of authentic specimen which, if adequate and proper, should contain a cross section of the materials from a known source

A term used by some forensic document examiners and lawyers to describe known materials. A sample of the handwriting of suspects.

It is the name of a person written by him/her in a document as a sign of acknowledgement. Or it is a name or a mark that a person puts at the end of a document to attest that he is its author or that he ratifies its contents.

A type of standard in which documents are previously written in the normal day-to-day course of business and known to be genuine.

A type of standard in which samples of the subject are requested to be given to facilitate the document examination.

A type of standard in which a document produced by the subject after evidential documents have come into dispute and solely for the purpose of establishing his contentions.

The minimum number of signatures required to validate a petition.

What is the minimum amount of standard written to be collected as to natural writings?

It involves not only a non-genuine document but also with an intent to fraud. However, it is also used synonymously with fraudulent signature or spurious document.

Considered the father of the science of questioned document examination in North America. Pioneer and author in the field of Questioned Document Examination.

What is the term used to describe known materials that are samples of the handwriting of suspects?

What is the process called when a document is exposed to ultraviolet light to detect substitutions in multi-page documents?

What is the term for a type of handwriting where all letters are written in capital letters?

What is the term used to describe the process of examining a document with a microscope to discover minute physical details?

What is the unique way in which various muscles work together to produce a writing?

What is the term used to describe the movement in handwriting where the thumb, the fist, and the second finger are in motion, commonly seen in children and illiterates?