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Skeletal system ( Anatomy,Bone Development and Bone Growth)

Total questions: 20

Worksheet time: 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Bone develops from fibrous membranes and cartilage. Which of the following is the term referring to the development of bone from cartilage?

a)

periosteal ossification

b)

intramembranous ossification

c)

endochondral ossification

d)

appositional ossification

2.

The marrow cavity of bones will form during development. What cells are responsible for “carving out” or forming the marrow cavity?

a)

osteoblasts

b)

osteoclasts

c)

osteocytes

d)

osteogenic cells

3.

Bones can grow longer when the cartilage cells in the __________ begin to divide.

a)

diaphysis

b)

epiphysis

c)

epiphyseal plate

d)

periosteum

4.

Which of the following occurs in the spongy bone of the epiphysis?

a)

bone growth

b)

bone remodeling

c)

hematopoiesis

d)

shock absorption

5.

The fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of the bone is the ________.

a)

periosteum

b)

epiphysis

c)

endosteum

d)

diaphysis

6.

Which of the following are only found in cancellous bone?

a)

canaliculi

b)

Volkmann’s canals

c)

trabeculae

d)

calcium salts

7.

Which of the following bones is (are) formed by intramembranous ossification?

a)

the metatarsals

b)

the femur

c)

the ribs

d)

the flat bones of the cranium

8.

Bones grow in diameter due to bone formation ________.

a)

in the medullary cavity

b)

beneath the periosteum

c)

in the epiphyseal plate

d)

within the metaphysis

9.

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of zones in the epiphyseal plate?

a)

calcification, reserved, proliferation, maturation

b)

proliferation, reserved, maturation, calcification

c)

calcification, maturation, proliferation, reserved

d)

maturation, proliferation, reserved, calcification

10.

What is the first stage of fracture healing process?

a)

formation of compact bone

b)

formation of hematoma

c)

formation of spongy bone

d)

formation of internal and external callus

11.

Calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine if ________ is lacking.

a)

vitamin D

b)

vitamin K

c)

calcitonin

d)

fluoride

12.

What type of bone cell is responsible for resorption bone tissue?

a)

osteoblast

b)

osteocytes

c)

osteoclast

d)

osteogenic cell

13.

An adolescent girl is suffering from reduced longitudinal bone growth in her humerus. Which of the following bone regions should be examined closely in order to determine the cause of the growth deficiency?

a)
Epiphyseal plate (growth plate)
b)
Metaphysis examination
c)
Diaphysis examination
d)
Articular cartilage examination
14.

In childbirth, the child’s skull is flexible due to fontanelles, or soft regions that are composed of connective tissue. Through what process does the connective tissue of the infant’s skull become bone?

a)

Intramembranous calcification

b)

Intramembranous Ossification

c)

Endochonral Calcification

d)

Endochonral ossification

15.

A fetal rat's femoral cartilage is injected with a marker prior to endochondral ossification. The marker becomes deactivated as the cartilage is converted to bone. In which part of the femur would we expect to see a high concentration of the marker once the rat reaches adulthood?

a)
Periosteum of the femur
b)
Epiphyseal plate of the femur
c)
Medullary cavity of the femur
d)
Articular cartilage at the ends of the femur
16.

Which of the following are found in compact bone and cancellous bone?

a)
Chondrocytes, chondroblasts, and chondroclasts
b)
Myocytes, myoblasts, and myoclasts
c)
Adipocytes, adipoblasts, and adipoclasts
d)
Osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts
17.

Which of the following bone cells is capable of undergoing mitosis?

a)
Osteoprogenitor cells
b)
Osteoclasts
c)
Osteocytes
d)
Chondrocytes
18.

In endochondral ossification, what happens to the chondrocytes?

a)
Chondrocytes undergo hypertrophy, die, and are replaced by osteoblasts.
b)
Chondrocytes divide rapidly and form new cartilage
c)
Chondrocytes transform into muscle cells
d)
Chondrocytes remain unchanged and continue to grow
19.

Why is cartilage slow to heal?

a)
Cartilage is not affected by physical activity.
b)
Cartilage lacks a direct blood supply.
c)
Cartilage has a rapid healing process.
d)
Cartilage is highly vascularized.
20.

Which function of the skeletal system would be especially important if you were in a car accident?

a)
Support
b)
Digestion
c)
Coordination
d)
Protection