- Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen

• -made of building blocks called amino acids

• -Functions: hormones, structural compounds, antibodies, enzymes, muscles

-made of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus

-building blocks are nucleotides

-Genetic Information ex. DNA and RNA

-made of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

-Functions moving and storing energy (long-term), absorbing vitamins and making hormones

• -Ex. Waxes, Fats, Oils

• - a biological catalyst

• -speeds up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy

• - can be affected by: pH, temperature, and concentration

a long chain of monomers (small, repeating molecules)

small molecule that may be chemically bonded to other like molecules to form a polymer

a description of scientific experiment data

element in an experiment that is changed, manipulated

element in an experiment that is measured for its response to the change

foundation / scientific prediction that can be tested

maintaining a relatively stable internal environment

can be affected by pH, temp, etc.

What is NOT apart of the Cell Theory?

simple cells

do not have a nucleus

found in bacteria

-has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

-found in plant, animal, and fungal cells

living organisms made up of only one prokaryotic cell

tiny particle

non-living

contains genetic info

no nucleus

requires a host cell to reproduce

-specialized cells that can differentiate into more specific cells

specialized cell parts

-surrounds and protects cell

-controls what comes in and out of cell (semi-permeable)

-made of phospholipid bilayer

-provide extra shape and support for the cell

-found in plant cells

-found in plant and protists like cells

-possesses its own DNA

-carry out a process called photosynthesis

any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cell

process of copying DNA prior to cell division

series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells

process in which a prokaryotic cell replicates its DNA and then divides in half to produce two identical cells

disorder in which some of the body's cell lose the ability to control growth

phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposites sides of the cell

division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells

period of the cell cycle between cell divisions

phase of mitosis in which chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell

Results in two new IDENTICAL daughter cells.

asexual/somatic(body) cells

first and last phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visable

phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin

DNA is replicated during ______ of the cell cycle.

During mitosis, DNA is found in the condensed form called a

This process is the programmed death of a cell

Which of the following is/are results of the cell cycle ?

When a cell forms a vesicle around unwanted particles and expels it OUT of the cell.

In passive transport, .............

In active transport, .............

In PASSIVE TRANSPORT, substances move from:

In ACTIVE TRANSPORT, substances move from:

A mixture of dissolved solute in a solvent.

The ability to maintain a constant, stable internal environment.

Material that dissolves the solute.

A solution with a lower concentration of solutes than a cell.

A solution with an equal concentration of solutes to a cell.

A mixture of dissolved solute in a solvent.

Taking materials into the cell in bulk.

A type of active transport (bulk transport)

The movement of water from high to low concentration.

A form of passive transport

A solution with a higher concentration of solutes than a cell.

The ability to maintain a constant, stable internal environment.

Movement of materials from high to low concentration by means of a transport protein.

Form of passive transport

Removing materials from the cell in bulk

A form of active transport (bulk transport) (Exiting)

Movement of materials from high to low concentration without the use of energy.

The movement of molecules from high to low concentration using no energy.

A form of passive transport

Material that dissolves in a solvent.

-solid-

A difference in concentration that causes a movement of molecules.