If there is a break in the pathway there is no alternate flow

It has an alternate pathway for the flow of electrons

The sum of the current through each circuit element is equal to the total circuit current

The sum of voltage across each circuit element is equal to the the total circuit voltage

The binding energy of an electron is greatest in which of the following shells?

Current is measured in:

This type of circuit consists of resistors that are not connected in a continuous line.

A toaster is supplied with a current of 4.0. If the voltage is 110, what is the resistance?

An x-ray machine is supplied with a current of 60 and 220 V.  What is the power in kilowatts?

This device transforms AC to DC.

The rotor and stator of an x-ray tube operate due to:

This device can increase or decrease the intensity of current or voltage.

Which of the following is referred to as an induction motor?

The energy of the incident x-ray is 50, with a scatter x-ray energy of 25 and the kinetic energy of 12. What is the binding energy

Which of the following is not a function of the tube housing?

Wavelength and frequency are _____ related

X-rays have which of the following properties:

      1. low frequency

      2. high frequency

      3. long wavelength

      4. short wavelength

Which of the following information is necessary to determine the maximum safe kVp, using the appropriate x-ray tube rating chart?

1.     mA and exposure time

2.     focal spot size

3.     imaging system speed

Which of the follow is not considered as basic parts of x-ray equipment

A dual focus tube has two _______.

Because of the line focus principal, the effective focal spot size decreases with decreasing

Each tube has its own tube rating chart to show __________________.

The negative side of the x-ray tube holds the ________.

Tube failure can occur from _______________.

At 55 kVp, _____ of the x-rays produced are bremsstrahlung.

Projectile electrons travel from ______________.

Beam energy is affected by ______________.

If an exposure is 0.5 mGy_a at an SID of 40 inches, what would the exposure be at an SID of 60 inches?

The half value layer (HVL) of an x-ray beam is a measurement of beam _______.

The inverse square law has the same effect on x-ray ________ and x-ray _________.

X-rays are usually identified by their __________.

Most of the x-rays produced at the target are _______________.

Radiation intensity is measured in "mR"

You have been asked to choose new equipment for your imaging facility and too chose a generator that produces a nearly constant voltage waveform; which generator will you choose?

The high voltage generator (Secondary Circuit) contains which parts: 

1. 1.Step-Up Transformer 

2. 2.Step-Down Transformer

3. 3.Rheostat

4. 4.Rectifier

X-ray tube current is controlled by adjustments in which area?

How does the anode rotate inside a glass envelope with no mechanical connection to the outside? 

Define: __________ results in an effective focal spot size much less than the actual focal spot size.

A 15% increase in kVp is equivalent to _________. 

The difference in the waveform between the primary and secondary sides of the high voltage transformer is _________.

Variations in power distribution to the x-ray machine are corrected by the ____________.

Radio waves, light, and x-rays are all examples of _________ energy.

A neutral atom has the same number of _________ and electrons.

The atomic number of an element is symbolized by the letter _____.

When an atom has the same number of protons as another, but a different number of neutrons, it is called an __________.

The rate of rise and fall of a sine wave is called its __________.

An increase in the kVp will cause the emission spectrum to shift in which direction(s)

The _____ is a coil composed of tungsten

What minimum kVp must be used in order to get characteristic photons that are useful in diagnostic radiology?

You have set the kVp level at 60. What is the average energy of the x-ray photons?

If a radiographic tube has two filaments, which one should be selected for x-raying body parts that require good detail?

Compare the following two x-ray tubes. One has a target angle of 10 degrees and the other  has an angle of 17 degrees. Assume that the filament sizes are the same. Which one will provide the largest actual focal spot size?

Effective focal spot sizes are influenced by which of the following?

      1. filament size

      2. anode angle

      3. filament angle

      4. film size

The Characteristic X-ray, that are useful in radiology, are produced by knocking which electron out of orbit?

During Bremsstrahlung interactions, the more the incident  electron "brakes":

The advantage of a rotating anode over a stationary anode is to:

A reduction in a tube's vacuum will result in a/an:

A kVp of 65 will result in the production of:

X-rays are produced when incident electrons interact with _____ atoms.

An incident electron travels towards the nucleus of an atom. It has a kinetic energy of 100 keV. The electron slows down, changes direction and exits the atom with 20 keV of energy. What is the energy of the x-ray photon that is produced?

Tungsten is used in anodes due to:

      1. low atomic number

      2. high melting point

      3. good heat conducting capabilities

The purpose of the line focus principle is to achieve

Using a single excessive exposure could result in which of the following:

What is the most common anode angle used in diagnostic radiography?

A patient comes in for a thoracic spine x-ray. Because of the varying thickness between the chest and the abdomen, you have to consider the anode heel effect. How will you position the patient under the x-ray tube? (i.e., what end of the patient goes under which part of the x-ray tube?)

The anode heel effect results from:

How many heat units are generated by an exposure of 70 kVp, 300 mA, and 0.15 sec. on a 3 phase 6 pulse unit?

How many heat units are generated by two exposures of 65 kVp, 400 mA, and 0.05 sec. on a 3 phase 12 pulse unit?

The quantity of radiation is affected by:

The amount of material required to reduce the intensity of the beam to one-half of its original value is the definition for:

Distance and intensity are:

A foot x-ray is taken in the department using 10 mAs, 65 kVp, and 40" SID. You have to do a portable foot x-ray and can only get a 48" SID. What new mAs must you use in order to maintain density?

80 mAs, 400ms ___________mA

Which of the following is/are examples of inherent filtration?

      1. wedge

      2. glass tube

      3. protective housing

4. trough

The intensity of an x-ray beam at 60" is 250 mR. What is the intensity if the distance is changed to 40"?

200 mA x 30 ms = _______________ mAs

The intensity of an x-ray beam at 48" is 150 mR. At 66" the new exposure is?

Which factor is the primary controller of x-ray quality?

As mAs increases, the density on the film will:

You normally take an abdomen x-ray using 40 mAs, 75 kVp, 40". The equipment breaks and you can only get the tube to go down to 48". An emergency room patient comes to your department for an abdomen x-ray. What mAs must you use since your tube is stuck at 48"? You are maintaining density.

mAs is ____________________ related to the quantity of radiation

400 mA x .2 sec = _____________________ mAs

60,000 volts = ______________ kVp

A film comes out of the processor with insufficient density. State which technical factor you should first consider adjusting.

A technologist makes an acceptable exposure using 25 mAs at 72”. The film is repeated at 48”. What new mAs is required in order to maintain density?

An exposure of 310 mR is detected at 20”. What is the new exposure if the distance is changed to 60”?

HVL is the best method of specifying x-ray quality.

Most diagnostic x-ray tubes have focal spots that range from .1mm to 3mm.

X-rays where discovered in 1896 by Wilhem Conrad Roentgen.

Bremmstrahlung interactions are responsible for the majority of useful x-ray production in diagnostic radiology.

The energy of the Brems is exactly the difference between the entering and exiting kinetic energy of the electron

In a Characteristic interaction, the incident electron must have enough energy to knock an outer shell electron out of orbit