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WorksheetsAnat Phys Second Semester Exam Study Slides 2024
Total questions: 170
Worksheet time: 3hrs 22mins
What is the function of the human female reproductive system?
Produce ovum (egg cell)
Produce ovum, protect offspring before and after birth
Produce ovum, protect and nourish offspring before and after birth
Produce ovum, nourish offspring before and after birth
What is the main reproductive organ in females? What hormone does it secrete?
Testes: Oestrogen
Testes: Testosterone
Ovaries: Oestrogen
Ovaries: Testosterone
What is the function of the human male reproductive system?
grow and develop baby
produce egg and deliver egg to female
internal fertilization
produce sperm and deliver sperm to female
Which part of the female reproductive system is the site of fertilization?
Uterus
Fallopian tube
Ovary
Cervix
The combining of a sperm cell and an egg cell creates
Zygote
Umbilial cord
Uterus
Embryo
How many months does it typically take for a fetus to fully develop?
9 months
7 months
10 months
one year
Which structure allows nutrients to pass to the embryo and takes wastes away from the embryo?
Placenta
Ovary
Testes
Fallopian tubes
What is the periodic shedding of tissues and blood from the inner lining of the
uterus?
menopause
ovulation
pregnancy
menstruation
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
Which one of the following is not the function of placenta? It
facilitates supply of oxygen and nutrients to embryo
secretes oestrogen
facilitates removal of carbon dioxide and waste material from embryo
secretes oxytocin during parturition
The amnion of mammalian embryo is derived from
mesoderm and trophoblast
endoderm and mesoderm
ectoderm and mesoderm
ectoderm and endoderm
Hormones secreted by the placenta to maintain pregnancy are
(a) hCG, hPL, progestogens, estrogens
(b) hCG,hPL,estrogens,relaxin,oxytocin
(c) hCG, hPL, progestogens, prolactin
(d) hCG, progestogens, estrogens, glucocorticoids
A
B
C
D
The beginning of menstrual cycle
menarch
menopause
menstruation
menstrual cycle
What is implantation?
The process by which the fetus is delivered from the uterus
The formation of the placenta
The attachment of the fertilised egg to the uterine wall
The formation of the amniotic sac
What is the amniotic sac?
The fluid-filled sac that surrounds the fetus
The organ that connects the fetus to the mother's blood supply
The structure that forms around the fertilised egg
The structure that nourishes the egg before implantation
Where does the following occut?
A) Meiosis?
B) Fertilization?
C) Growth & Development of Baby?
A) 5
B) 4
C) 3
A) 4
B) 5
C) 3
A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
A) 3
B) 5
C) 4
When the menstrual cycle permanently stops, it is known as
Puberty
Menopause
Gestation
Menstruation
Which structure allows nutrients to pass to the embryo and takes wastes away from the embryo?
Placenta
Ovary
Testes
Fallopian tubes
Q
A
B
C
D
What is the function of A & B?
A - transport gametes (eggs)
B - Produce eggs
A - produce eggs
B - transport gametes (eggs)
A - transport gametes (sperm)
B - produce sperm
A - produce sperm
B - transport gametes (sperm)
The male hormone that regulates sex drive and male characteristics?
Progesterone
Estrogen
Testosterone
The female sex hormone that gives female characteristics
Estrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone
The female sex hormone that gives female characteristics
Estrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone
Tell us how Human period since infants (baby) until aging (a)
The beginning of menstrual cycle
menarch
menopause
menstruation
menstrual cycle
The hormone that maintains CL
Progesterone
Human chorionic gonadotropin
Luteinizing Hormone
Estrogen
The pregnancy hormone
human chorionic gonadotropin
luteinizing hormone
progesterone
estrogen
The hormone that initiates the proliferation of endometrium
follicle stimulating hormone
oestrogen
progesterone
luteinizing hormone
The sloughing of the endometrium, resulting in flow of menstrual fluid
menstruation
menstrual cycle
ovulation
implantation
The sudden rise in LH leads to
Implantation
ovulation
menstruation
folliculogenesis
The phase that lasts from day 5 to 13 is
luteal
menstrual
follicular phase
ovulatory
FSH acts on these cells
granulosa cells
intestitial cells
oogonium
endometrium
The luteal phase is also called
menstrual phase
proliferation
secretory phase
follicular phase
The termination of menstrual cycle
Menstruation
Menarche
Menopause
Luteal phase
What is used to regulate many bodily processes?
bile
hormones
blood vessels
hydrochloric acid
What is the function of the human female reproductive system?
Produce ovum (egg cell)
Produce ovum, protect offspring before and after birth
Produce ovum, protect and nourish offspring before and after birth
Produce ovum, nourish offspring before and after birth
What is the main reproductive organ in females? What hormone does it secrete?
Testes: Oestrogen
Testes: Testosterone
Ovaries: Oestrogen
Ovaries: Testosterone
What is the function of the human male reproductive system?
grow and develop baby
produce egg and deliver egg to female
internal fertilization
produce sperm and deliver sperm to female
What is the main reproductive organ in males? What hormone does it secrete?
Testes: Estrogen
Testes: Testosterone
Ovaries: Estrogen
Ovaries: Testosterone
What gland controls all of the other glands?
Pituitary gland
Adreanal gland
Pineal gland
Pancreas
Which one here is not a hormone?
luteinizing hormone
testosterone
ovary
estrogen
The mitochondrion of the sperm cell provides the energy needed by the sperm to swim through the female reproductive system.
True
False
Which part of the female reproductive system is the site of fertilization?
Uterus
Fallopian tube
Ovary
Cervix
The combining of a sperm cell and an egg cell creates
Zygote
Umbilial cord
Uterus
Embryo
How many months does it typically take for a fetus to fully develop?
9 months
7 months
10 months
one year
Which structure allows nutrients to pass to the embryo and takes wastes away from the embryo?
Placenta
Ovary
Testes
Fallopian tubes
In an embryo, the process when the cells start becoming the many specialized types of tissues and organs it needs is known as
Fertilization
Differentiation
Genetic recombination
Meiosis
When contractions begin during pregnancy, hormones are released to increase the rate of contractions. This is an example of
positive feedback
negative feedback
What is the periodic shedding of tissues and blood from the inner lining of the
uterus?
menopause
ovulation
pregnancy
menstruation
The remnants of a mature follicle after ovulation
Corpus albicans
Corpus luteum
Graafian follicle
Corpus albuginea
Reorder the following cells from least to most mature
Oogonia
Primary oocyte
Secondary oocyte
Ovum
Zygote
True or false: the ovaries are connected directly to the fallopian tubes
True
False
This stimulates ovarian follicles to develop and secrete estrogen and some progesterone
LH
FSH
Estrogen
Relaxin
Peak levels of LH and _____ cause the mature follicle to rupture and release its oocyte
FSH
Estrogen
Progesterone
Relaxin
The menstrual cycle starts with the proliferative phase which is characterized by the shedding of the endometrial lining of the uterus.
True
False
The mature egg cell goes into the fallopian tube where it waits for a sperm cell. Thus, the fallopian tube serves as the site of fertilization.
True
False
How are the offspring different in both methods?
Method A (genetically different)
Method B (genetically identical)
Method A (genetically identical to parent)
Method B (genetically different from Parent)
Method A (sexual reproduction)
Method B (Asexual reproduction)
Method A (Mitosis)
Method B (Meiosis)
Where does the following occut?
A) Meiosis?
B) Fertilization?
C) Growth & Development of Baby?
A) 5
B) 4
C) 3
A) 4
B) 5
C) 3
A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
A) 3
B) 5
C) 4
"C" will inherit...
46 chromosomes from each parent
half of their chromosomes (23) from each parent
Double the amount of chromosomes from each parent
Pairs of chromosomes from each parent
Identify the structure labeled "B".
Fallopian Tubes
Ovaries
Uterus
Placenta
It is the hormone secreted by the ovaries and responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics in females such as the widening of hips and development of breasts.
estrogen
progesterone
testosterone
inhibin
Which hormone helps control the menstrual cycle and stimulates the growth of
eggs in the ovaries?
follicle stimulating hormone
progesterone
estrogen
testosterone
A: (a)
B: (b)
D: (c)
Which letter is the site of Fertilization
B
A
D
E
Which letter is the EGG created?
B
A
D
E
In which letter is the site of meiosis?
B
A
D
C
Name the Organ:
A. (a) B. (b) D. (c) E. (d) F. (e)
C: (a)
D: (b)
E-F: (c)
A/B: (d)
The teeth and tongue of the oral cavity break foodstuff down physically. This is an example of
mechanical digestion
chemical digestion
absorption
peristalsis
Which of the following is an accessory organ of the digestive system?
stomach
small intestine
esophagus
liver
Which of the following answers correctly sequences the pathway food takes from the beginning to end?
mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
mouth, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine
mouth, stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine
mouth, stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine
The tube through which food passes through the body is called the
alimentary canal
digestive system
intestines
esophagus
Which enzyme digest proteins in the stomach?
amylase
pepsin
gastric lipase
tyrpsin
What is not present in the gastric juice?
pepsinogen
water
HCl
antibodies
An inactive enzyme secreted by the chief cells
Pepsinogen
Pepsin
Hydrochloric acid
Amylase
What is gastric juice?
Secretions released by your stomach
Secretions released by your salivary glands
Secretions released by your small intestine
What enzyme breaks down proteins when it is activated by hydrochloric acid?
Pepsin
Peptin
Pepto
Protein
Wavelike motion that propels food forward
Peristalsis
Contraction
Mechanical digestion
Churning
Enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates
Amylase
Pepsin
Pepsinogen
Hydrochloric acid
Chemical digestion of ________ begins in mouth
proteins
fats
carbohydrates
all of them
Which layer of the alimentary canal absorbs nutrients
Serous
Muscularis
Mucosal
Submucosal
Digestion is controlled by
Sympathetics
Parasympathetics
Largest salivary glands that also secrete amylase
Sublingual
Submandibular
Parotid
Distal portion of the stomach, closest to the small intestine
Pylorus
Cardia
Fundus
Body
Hydrochloric acid is secreted in the _______________ .
oesophagus
stomach
large intestine
small intestine
First section of the small intestine responsible for continued digestion.
duodenum
ileium
pancreas
rectum
Insulin is released in response to:
low blood glucose levels
low blood calcium levels
high blood glucose levels
high blood calcium levels
Involuntary muscle contractions that move food.
Chemical breakdown
Flexion
Swallowing
Peristalsis
What chemical breaks down Fat?
Water
Saliva
Sodium
Bile
What does the Gall Bladder store?
Bile
Fat
Carbohydrates
Insulin
Where is Bile produced?
Liver
Stomach
Pancreas
Colon
STARCH---->MALTOSE
FATS---->FATTY ACIDS/GLYCEROL
PROTEINS---->POLYPEPTIDES
What do parietal cells secrete
HCl
Pepsin
Bicarbonate
Bile
Inhibits stomach acid secretion
Secretin
Somatostatin
Gastrin
Pepsin
Stimulates pancreas to release digestive enzymes
Secretin
Gastrin
CCK
Trypsin
What is the function of human blood?
Maintains pH and temperature
Transports nutrients and gases
Conveys immunity
Enables clotting and repair
Which component of blood is responsible for transporting gases?
Plasma
Platelets
Red blood cells
White blood cells
What is the function of capillaries in the circulatory system?
Deliver oxygen to organs and tissues
Transport deoxygenated blood to the heart
Help blood clot
To filter air
Which chamber of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood?
Left atrium
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
What is the function of valves in the heart?
Make the heartbeat audible to doctors
Allow blood to flow to the previous chamber
Prevent backflow of blood
Keep the chambers from being separated
Which artery carries oxygenated blood throughout the body?
Inferior vena cava
Aorta
Coronary artery
Pulmonary artery
How does the heart receive its own blood supply?
Through aorta
Through capillaries
Through pulmonary vein
Through coronary arteries
What is the system that carries blood from the heart to the lungs called?
Cardiac cycle
Coronary circulation
Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation
What is the potential consequence of an atrial septal defect?
All of the above
Heart failure
Stroke
Abnormal heartbeat
Click the left atrium, pulmonary artery, aorta and Inferior vena cava.
The circulatory system consists of what three parts?
Heart
Brain
Blood
Blood vessels
Liver
These are blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Bronchioles
What is the function of the heart?
Protects organs and produces red blood cells.
Generates heat
Gas exchange
To acts as a pump to move the blood
These blood cells help fight infection and other diseases.
Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cells
Platelets
Plasma
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Brochioles
Which blood part( helps clot blood when an organism gets cut?
RBC
WBC
Plasma
Platelets
What molecule transports oxygen?
hemoglobin
myoglobin
bilirubin
erythropoietin
Put the path of blood circulation in heart in order...
Vena Cava
Right Atrium and Ventricle
Lungs
Left Atrium and Ventricle
Aorta
Which of these is NOT a way we orient the heart in the dissection lab?
Coronary artery runs diagonally on the ventral surface
Apex is at the top of the heart
Auricle "flaps" fold forward
Right side is on your left
The smallest respiratory passageways to move air are called the
bronchioles
trachea
bronchi
alveoli
The anatomical name for the windpipe is the
pharynx
epiglottis
trachea
larynx
Cellular Respiration
is also known as breathing in
moves air form the lungs back to the external environment
is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and blood
is the series of energy-releasing chemical reactions that take place inside cells
Put the steps to transporting oxygen from the air to your blood cells in order once it enters the nasal passage.
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Capillaries
What happens to carbon dioxide during exhalation?
It is transported throughout the body
It is unloaded into the lungs
It is expelled from the body
It is converted into oxygen
Where does the vital exchange of gases occur in the lungs?
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Trachea
Bronchi
What triggers the respiratory system to start functioning?
The Central Nervous System
The Heart
The Lungs
The Oxygen content of the air
What is the function of the human respiratory system?
Transport of nutrients
Converting food to energy
Regulation of body temperature
Exchange of gases
What is the gas produced in aerobic cellular respiration?
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Water
Nitrogen
Which structure warms, humidifies, and filters the air as it passes through?
Larynx
Trachea
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
How many lobes does the right lung have?
2
3
1
4
What is the function of alveoli in the respiratory system?
To exchange gases
To produce surfactant
To warm and humidify air
To filter air
Which system works closely with the respiratory system to pick up oxygen and remove carbon dioxide?
Skeletal system
Muscular system
Circulatory system
Nervous system
What is the primary muscle used in the process of inhalation?
Abdominal muscles
Intercostal muscles
Pectoral muscles
Diaphragm
What is the function of the semilunar valves during the cardiac cycle?
To prevent backflow of blood into the atria
To regulate the pressure in the ventricles
To separate the atria and ventricles
To control the flow of blood into the arteries
What causes the "lub-dub" sounds of the heartbeat?
Pressure as the ventricles contract
A-V valves opening
Relaxation of the atria
Alternating closing of A-V and semilunar valves
What is the part of the neuron that receives impulses?
axon
synapse
cell body
nodes of Ranvier
This carries the impulse from the cell body and is covered in a myelin sheath
axon
nodes of Ranvier
Schwann cells
dendrites
These neurons receive impulses from sensory neurons
motor neurons
interneurons
sensory neurons
mixed neurons
Why doesn't an action potential travel back up the axon of the neuron?
because of the valve
the axon is repolarized
it is in the relative refractory period
it is in the absolute refractory period
This covering of the CNS is on the surface of the spinal cord and brain.
dura mater
archnoid membrane
pia mater
tow mater
This section of the brain is responsible for conscious activities
cerebellum
thalamus
hypothalamus
cerebral cortex
This section of the brain contains the reflex centers for chewing, facial expression, and eyeball movement
Pons
thalamus
medulla oblongata
midbrain
This sections of the brain functions on the subconscious level
cerebrum
cerebellem
midbrain
pons
This division of the peripheral nervous system contains receptors and nerve fibers that carry information from the body to the CNS
sensory division
motor division
somatic system
autonomic system
This system can be controlled, AKA the voluntary nervous system
sensory division
motor division
somatic system
autonomic system
Parts of the peripheral nervous system responsible for carrying signals from the CNS to the body:
autonomic division
motor division
sympathetic division
parasympathetic division
Parts of the peripheral nervous system responsible for carrying signals from the body to the CNS:
sensory division
motor division
sympathetic division
parasympathetic division
Any structure int he body that receives and reacts to a motor neuron's signal, like muscles and glands:
effector
ganglia
receptor
neuron
The class of receptors in the PNS that send signals of pain:
chemoreceptors
nociceptors
photoreceptors
mechanoreceptors
How the brain receives, processes, interprets, and consciously experiences information sent to by the PNS:
temperature
perception
stimulus
time
General term for the internal or external event that is sensed by the PNS
temperature
stimulus
pain
time
General term for the detection of an internal or external stimulus by the nervous system:
sensation
stimulus
perception
pain
Part of the body that carries signals between the brain and spinal cord and the rest of the body:
visceral nervous system
autonomic nervous system
peripheral nervous system
central nervous system
Part of the brain that acts as a switchboard, first receiving sensory signals and sending them out to the appropriate regions of the cerebrum:
cerebellum
thalamus
limbic system
hypothalamus
Immediate reactions that don't need conscious processing from the brain, these involve sensation, transmission to the CNS, integration, transmission to an effector, and response
reflexes
affectors
stimuli
effectors
What gland produces tears?
lacrimal
olfactory bulb
cones
gustatory cells
Photoreceptors that detect color
tears
olfactory bulb
cones
gustatory cells
Taste receptor cells
fungiform
gustatory cells
cones
olfactory bulb
Common type of papillae that contains taste buds
fungiform
tears
lacrimal
olfactory bulb
Brain area that receives smell impulses
olfactory bulb
cones
tears
lacrimal
Which of the following is NOT true about the eyes?
responds to light stimuli
it floats in the bony orbit
a hollow sphere filled with fluid
contains 70% of all sensory receptors
The transparent mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and covers most of the
cornea
sclera
conjunctiva
retina
Our sense of static equilibrium is created by the
vibration of the tympani membrane
movement of otoliths along hair cells
sound waves traveling through the cochlea
stimulation of hair cells in the organ of Corti
Which of the following is NOT a primary taste sensation
sweet
umami
salty
spicy
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
rods and cones are located in the retina
the choroid produces tears
overlapping of visual fields provides depth perception or 3-D vision
the iris controls the size of the pupil
The iris controls the size of the
pupil
retina
sclera
cones
Fibers from the medial side of each eye cross over to the
opposite side of the brain at the
fovea centralis
lens
retina
optic chiasm
The stirrup bone of the middle ear is also called the
sclera
stapes
malleus
incus
Sound waves entering the external auditory canal hit the
eardrum, also known as the
semicircular canals
cochlea
papillae
tympanic membrane
Dynamic equilibrium receptors are located in the
semicircular canals
cochlea
papillae
tympanic membrane
