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Science Review

Total questions: 27

Worksheet time: 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Why do scientists think the fossil record is incomplete?

a)
The fossil record is complete for all known species.
b)
Fossilization is a rare process that only preserves a small fraction of all organisms that have lived on Earth.
c)
Scientists have found all possible fossils available.
d)
Fossils are too well-preserved to be considered incomplete.
2.

What can scientists learn about fossils using techniques of absolute-age dating?

a)
Shape of fossils
b)
Size of fossils
c)

Precise age of fossils

d)
Color of fossils
3.

What is the sequence by which natural selection works?

a)

Variation, Selection, Adaptation

b)
Heritability, Adaptation, Mutation, Differential Reproduction, Natural Selection
c)
Mutation, Adaptation, Selection, Variation, Heritability
d)

Variation, Differential Reproduction, Natural Selection

4.

Which type of fossil forms through carbonization?

a)
Mineralized fossil
b)
Mold fossil
c)

Fossil film

d)
Petrified fossil
5.

Living species that are closely related share a common _____

a)
descendant
b)
offspring
c)
predecessor
d)
ancestor
6.

How closely related two species are depends on when they _____, or split, from their common ancestor.

a)
diverged
b)
united
c)
combined
d)
merged
7.

The study of similarities and differences among structures of living species is called _____

a)
Comparative biology
b)
Structural analysis
c)
Organismal comparison
d)
Comparative anatomy
8.

Body parts of organisms that are similar in position but different in function are called _____. The forelimbs of different mammals are examples.

a)
Homologous structures
b)
Convergent structures
c)
Divergent structures
d)
Analogous structures
9.

If a species have homologous structures, this suggests that the species are ______

a)
from different planets
b)
unrelated by any means
c)

related

d)
genetically identical
10.

______ are body parts that perform a similar function but differ in structure. The wings of flies and birds are examples.

a)
Analogous structures
b)
Homologous structures
c)
Divergent structures
d)
Convergent structures
11.

The existence of analogous structures indicates that the species are not ______ related.

a)
distantly
b)
genetically
c)
closely
d)
evolutionarily
12.

Body parts that have lost their original function through evolution are called _____. The _____ of flightless birds are an example.

a)

Useless limbs, feet

b)

Evolutionary remnants, hoves

c)

Vestigial structures, wings

d)

Obsolete parts, wings

13.

The best explantion for vestigial structures is that the species that have vestigial structures are _____ to ancestral species that still use the structures for a specific purpose.

a)
related
b)
modern
c)
distantly connected
d)
unrelated
14.

Whales have a tiny _____ bone, which is a vestigial structure for walking on land.

a)
femur
b)
tibia
c)
humerus
d)
pelvic
15.

Studying the developement of _____ can also provide scientists with evidence that certain species are related.

a)
behavior
b)

embryos

c)
habitat
d)
genes
16.

_____ is the study of the development of embryos from fertilization to birth.

a)
Embryology
b)
Zoology
c)
Botany
d)
Biology
17.

All species of _____ have pharyngeal pouches at some stage during their development.

a)
reptiles
b)
mammals
c)
arthropods
d)

vertibrates

18.

The similarities in location and function of the _____ is a sign that the vertibrate spacies share a common ancestor.

a)
analogous structures
b)
dissimilar features
c)
unrelated organs
d)

pharyngeal pouches

19.

The study of gene structure and function is called _____

a)

Chemistry 101

b)

Plutonium Physics

c)

Molecular Biology

d)

Biological Logistics

20.

The existance of _____ provides evidence of evelution because they have been shown to be the source of variation upon which _____ acts.

a)

genes, natural selection

b)

genes, enviroments

c)

environmental factors, natural selection

d)

natural selection, pollination

21.

The more closely related two species are, the more similar their _____ and _____ are.

a)

genes and proteins

b)
characteristics and RNA
c)

features and proteins

d)

genes and chromosomes

22.

Studies in molecular biology have shown that some stretches of _____ that are common tomany species change through time at steady, predictable rates like a kind of molecular clock.

a)
RNA
b)
Proteins
c)
Carbohydrates
d)
DNA
23.

Sceintists use this molecular clock to estimate the time in the past when living species _____ from common ancestors.

a)
diverged
b)
converged
c)
evolved
d)
merged
24.

Scientific studies of fossils, anatomy, embryology, and molecular biology have provided evidence of relatedness among ______ and _____ species.

a)

similar and identical

b)
unrelated and distinct
c)

biological and technological

d)

living and extinct

25.

The continous discovery of new _____ that have features of species that lived before and after them is strong evidence of evolution of species.

a)
Fossils
b)
Rocks
c)
Artifacts
d)
Bones
26.

Scientists today are studying how _____ can be reorginized in simple ways hat cause dramatic changes in organisms.

a)

Genes

b)
RNA
c)
Proteins
d)
Carbohydrates
27.

Though scientists now study evolution at the ______ level, the basic principles of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection have remained unchanged for more than ___ years

a)

molecular, 150

b)

cellular, 160

c)

genelogical ,500

d)

molecular, 175