FIRST STUPA IN SANCHI, INDIA BUILT BY EMPEROR ASHOKA WHICH IS 120FT. OR 37m WIDE AND 54FT. (17m) HIGH; A 1989 UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE

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ANOTHER TERM FOR THE DOME OF THE GREAT STUPA WHICH SYMBOLIZES THE DOME OF HEAVEN ENCLOSING THE EARTH; "AXIS OF THE EARTH"

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PART OF A STUPA WHICH IS AN UMBRELLA-SHAPED FINIAL SYMBOLIZING DIGNITY; COMPOSED OF A STONE DISK ON A VERTICAL TEMPLE

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TOPMOST RAILING; THE SQUARE RAILING ON A STUPA WHICH REPRESENTS THE WORLD MOUNTAIN; PROTECTS THE CHATTRI

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PART OF A STUPA THAT IS A CIRCULAR TERRACE ENCLOSED BY A RAILING SURROUNDING THE DOME

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LOW WALL RAILINGS ENCLOSING THE ENTIRE SACRED SPACE

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CEREMONIAL GATEWAYS PLACED AT THE 4 CARDINAL POINTS

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A TEMPLE DURING THE EARLY INDIAN PERIOD, WHICH WAS CUT OUT OFF A CLIFF; A MORE ELABORATE AND LARGER STRUCTURE

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SMALL SANCTUARY AT THE CENTER OF A TEMPLE WHICH STARTED DURING THE GUPTA PERIOD; "WOMB ROOM;" TOPPED BY A PYRAMID-SHAPED SPIRE CALLED THE (a)  

ONE OR MORE PILLARED PORCHES OR HALLS

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AN EXAMPLE OF A MEDIEVAL PERIOD TEMPLE IN INDIAN ARCHITECTURE

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TOWER OR SPIRE ABOVE THE SANCTUARY: IN NORTHERN INDIA = SIKHARA; SOUTHERN INDIA = ?

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BUILT ENTIRELY OF RED SANDSTONE AND MARBLE DURING THE ISLAMIC PERIOD; INTRODUCED HIGH ARCHES AND DOUBLE DOMES IN INDIAN ARCHITECTURE; CENTERED ON A PLOT OF LAND DIVIDED INTO 36 SQUARES, TOMB OCCUPIES THE MIDDLE 4 SQUARES AND A GARDEN COVERS THE REMAINING 32; A 1993 UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE

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MOST FAMOUS EXAMPLE OF MUGHAL ARCHITECTURE DURING THE ISLAMIC PERIOD AND A 1983 UNESCO WRLD HERITAGE SITE; A BLEND OF INDIAN, PERSIAN, AND ISLAMIC STYLE); MAUSOLEUM BUILT BY SHAH JAHAN FOR HIS FAVORITE WIFE; BUILDING COVERED IN PURE WHITE MAKRANA MARBLE; ACTUAL TOMBS (WIFE AND EMPEROR) ARE LOCATED BELOW IN A VAULT

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FREESTANDING MONUMENTAL PILLARS BELIEVED TO BE A "COSMIC COLUMN" FUNCTIONING AS A BOND JOINING HEAVEN & EARTH

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AN ANCIENT STAMBHA ADORNED WITH PLENTY OF ORNAMENTS AND DETAILS

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BUDDHIST MONASTERY OFTEN EXCAVATED FROM SOLID ROCK

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A VIHARA WITH A STRING OF 30 CAVES USED BY BUDDHIST MONKS AS PRAYER HALLS AND MONASTERIES

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SHRINE CARVED OUT OF SOLID ROCK ON A HILLSIDE; FORM OF AN AISLED BASILICA WITH A STUPA AT ONE END; AN EXAMPLE IS THE BUDDHIST CAVE TEMPLE IN KARLI, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA

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A HINDU TEMPLE WITH AN INTERIOR SANCTUARY (VIMANA), CAPPED BY A TAPERING SPIRE-SHAPED TOWER (SIKHARA) AND WITH PORCH-LIKE HALLS (MANDAPA) FOR DANCING AND MUSIC

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A BUILDING TYPE IN CHINESE ARCHITECTURE THAT IS FORMAL IN STYLE WITH A SOLEMN FEEL; TYPICALLY GRAND IN SCALE COMPARED TO OTHER BLDG. TYPES; USE OF YELLOW ROOF TILES

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BUILDING TYPE PRIMARILY SUITED TO FUNCTION RATHER THAN AESTHETIC APPEAL; HOUSES OF COMMONERS (BUREAUCRATS, MERCHANTS OR FARMERS); FOLLOW A SET OF PATTERN WITH A SHRINE AT THE CENTER FOR THE DEITIES AND ANCESTORS USED DURING FESTIVITIES

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BUILDING TYPE WITH MUSH AESTHETIC APPEAL (DECORATIVE TILING, ACCENTS, AND SCULPTURE); IMPRESSIONS OF DIFFERENT RELIGIONS INFORMED THE DESIGN CHOICES OF THE BUILDING

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A BUDDHIST TEMPLE AND MOST TYPICAL CHINESE BLDG. OF RELIGIOUS SIGNIFICANCE; GAINED A SECULAR NATURE LATER ON; MONUMENTS TO VICTORY OR A MEMORIAL TO HOLD RELICS; BASED ON INDIAN STUPA AND STAMBHA; SERVED AS A SYMBOL OF BUDDHISM IN CHINA

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AN EXAMPLE OF CHINESE PAGODA

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INTERLOCKING BRACKET SYSTEM USED IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE CONSTRUCTION TO SUPPORT ROOF BEAMS; HAS BOTH STRUCTURAL AND DECORATIVE USES

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ALSO CALLED A PAIFANG; A MONUMENTAL, CEREMONIAL GATEWAY, AND BASIC SYMBOLIC STRUCTURE IN CHINESE ARCHITECTURE; IT IS TRABEATED IN FORM, IN STONE OR WOOD WITH BOLD PROJECTING ROOFS; 1,3, OR 5 OPENINGS

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A CHINESE TEMPLE WITH A COMPLEX OF IMPERIAL RELIGIOUS BUILDINGS: THE HALL OF PRAYER FOR GOOD HARVESTS, THE IMPERIAL VAULT OF HEAVEN, AND THE CIRCULAR MOUND ALTAR; IT IS A 1998 UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE

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THE MAIN FEATURE OF A CHINESE TEMPLE; PLACING ONE OF IT OVER THE OTHER (TIRED) IS A SIGN OF DIGNITY

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ONE OF THE BUIDLINGS FROM TEMPLE OF HEAVEN; ROOF COLOR IS BLUE TO MIMIC THE COLOR OF THE SKY WHICH SIGNIFIES HEAVEN

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BUILDINGS ARE DISPERSED AROUND A COURTYARD; ENTIRE GROUPING IS ORGANIZED AROUND A CENTRAL PATHWAY OR AXIS; LARGEST AND MOST IMPORTANT BUILDING AT THE NORTHERNMOST; SURROUNDING STRUCTURES AND COURTYARDS INCREASE IN SIZE AS THEY GET CLOSER TO THE MAIN BUILDING

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ABODE OF THE CHINESE EMPERORS, THEIR FAMILIES, STAFF, AND GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS; OCCUPIED BY EMPERORS FROM MING DYNASTY TO THE END OF QING DYNASTY; ONE OF THE MOST SIGNIFICANT SYMBOLS OF ANCIENT CHINESE GOVERNMENT; WORLD'S LARGEST PRESERVATION OF WOODEN STRUCTURES FROM ANCIENT WORLD; A 1987 UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE

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PALACE BUILT BY EMPEROR ZHU DI; BEST PRESERVED IMPERIAL PALACE IN CHINA WITH DOUBLE TIERED YELLOW ROOF

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A FORTIFICATION BUILT BY QIN SHIH HUANG TI FOR PROTECTION OF CHINA AGAINST NOMADS FROM THE NORTH

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JAPANESE CONCEPT OF INSIDE AND OUTSIDE; USED TO CLOSE OFF OR OPEN UP ROOMS TO OTHER ROOMS AND TO THE OUTSIDE; LINKED NATURE TO THE INSIDE OF THEIR LIVING SPACES

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FEATURE OF MANY TRADITIONAL JAPANESE HOMES WHERE ROCKS OF ALL SHAPES AND SIZES ARE PLACED ASYMMETRICALLY CALLING THE ATTENTION TO THE SPACES BETWEEN THEM

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JAPANESE FURNITURE MADE OF WOVEN STRAW AND COULD BE ARRANGED IN MULTIPLE WAYS

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JAPANESE FURNITURE WITH DOORS AND DRAWERS, USED FOR CLOTHING STORAGE

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A CABINET (TANSU) USED IN THE KITCHEN, HAD SLIDING DOORS TO HIDE UTENSILS AND DISHES

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STORAGE CHEST (TANSU) IN THE SHAPE OF A STAIRCASE

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PRIMARILY BUILT OF WOOD; HAVE LARGER OVERHANGS AND SEEN A SECONDARY STRUCTURES RATHER THAN PRMARY; MULTI-TIERED TOWERS WITH THE VOLUME OF EACH TIER DIMINISHING UNTIL THE FINAL ROOF; ITS MAIN PURPOSE IS TO HOUSE JAPANESE BUDDHIST ARTWORK, STATUES, AND RELIGIOUS OBJECTS

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RELIGIOUS STRUCTURE IN JAPAN CALLED TERA, JI, OR IN; ORIGINATED FROM JAPANESE BUDDHISM; CONSISTS OF 2 GATES IN FRONT WITH A BELL INSIDE; HAS A PLETHORA OF STATUES OF BUDDHIST DEITIES

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AN EXAMPLE OF A JAPANESE TEMPLE

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JAPANSES RELIGIOUS STRUCTURE ALSO CALLED JINGU, JINJA, OR TAISHA; BUILT FOR WORSHIP ACCORDING TO THE SHINTO RELIGION

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"WAY OF THE GODS;" POLYTHEISTIC RELIGION THAT RECOGNIZES HIDDEN SPIRITS CALLED KAMI (SPIRITUAL BEINGS THAT CAN INHABIT OR BE ESSENTIALLY ANYTHING)

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"SHINTO GATE;" PLACED AT ENTANCES TO SPIRITUALLY IMPORTANT LOCATIONS; REPRESENTS THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE SPIRITUAL WORLD AND THE MUNDANE

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