wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

VCE Unit 1 Biology Review 2022+

Total questions: 218

Worksheet time: 2hrs 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following statements is NOT part of the Cell Theory?

a)

All organisms are composed of cells.

b)

All cells come from pre-existing cells.

c)

The cell is the smallest and most basic unit of life.

d)

Cells can spontaneously generate.

2.

Which type of cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?

a)

Eukaryotes

b)

Prokaryotes

c)

Multicellular organisms

d)

Unicellular organisms

3.

Which kingdoms contain cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?

a)

Monera

b)

Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista

c)

Archaea

d)

Eukarya

4.

What is the second highest taxonomic rank in biology?

a)

Domain

b)

Kingdom

c)

Phylum

d)

Class

5.

What term describes organisms consisting of a single cell?

a)

Multicellular

b)

Unicellular

c)

Eukaryotic

d)

Prokaryotic

6.

What is the fluid called that surrounds the cells of multicellular organisms?

a)

Intracellular fluid

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Internal environment

d)

Extracellular fluid

7.

What is the fluid inside the cell, also referred to as the cytoplasm?

a)

Extracellular fluid

b)

Internal environment

c)

Intracellular fluid

d)

Non-plasma membrane

8.

Which ratio is important for the efficiency of substance transport in cells?

a)

Volume to Surface Area ratio

b)

Surface Area to Volume ratio

c)

Concentration to Temperature ratio

d)

Temperature to Concentration ratio

9.

What forms the boundaries of discrete compartments within the cell?

a)

Plasma membrane

b)

Non-plasma membrane

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Extracellular fluid

10.

Which of the following is NOT a criterion for a cell to be classified as biotic?

a)

Movement

b)

Respiration

c)

Sensitivity

d)

Inactivity

11.

What is the term for maintaining a stable internal environment within a narrow range of limits?

a)

Cellular respiration

b)

Homeostasis

c)

Anaerobic respiration

d)

Biotic balance

12.

What are the inputs for cellular respiration?

a)

Glucose and carbon dioxide

b)

Oxygen and water

c)

Glucose and oxygen

d)

Water and energy (ATP)

13.

What is the process called in which incomplete oxidation of glucose occurs in the absence of oxygen?

a)

Cellular respiration

b)

Homeostasis

c)

Anaerobic respiration

d)

Biotic balance

14.

What does the endosymbiotic theory propose?

a)

Eukaryotic cell organelles evolved from free-living prokaryotes.

b)

Prokaryotic cells evolved from eukaryotic cells.

c)

All cells are derived from a common ancestor.

d)

Organelles in eukaryotic cells are not membrane-bound.

15.

What is the main function of cell compartmentalisation?

a)

To allow cells to move freely.

b)

To separate membrane-bound organelles for more efficient functioning.

c)

To increase the size of the cell.

d)

To decrease the number of organelles in the cell.

16.

What is a chromosome made up of?

a)

Proteins and RNA.

b)

Lipids and carbohydrates.

c)

Proteins and DNA.

d)

RNA and carbohydrates.

17.

What is a chromatid?

a)

A full chromosome before replication.

b)

One half of a duplicated chromosome.

c)

A type of protein found in the nucleus.

d)

A type of RNA molecule.

18.

Which of the following is NOT found in prokaryotic cells?

a)

Nucleoid (DNA)

b)

Plasmid

c)

Endoplasmic reticulum

d)

Cell wall

19.

Which organelle is responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells?

a)

Lysosome

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

Vacuole

20.

Which structure is present in plant cells but not in animal cells?

a)

Mitochondrion

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosome

21.

What is the function of the plasma membrane in a cell?

a)

It gives plant cells support and prevents them from bursting.

b)

It controls what goes in and out of the cell.

c)

It contains all the DNA, RNA, chromatin, and chromosomes.

d)

It produces spindle fibers for cell division.

22.

Which organelle is responsible for giving plant cells support and preventing them from bursting?

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Nucleus

d)

Mitochondrion

23.

What is the main function of the nucleus in a cell?

a)

It synthesizes lipids, phospholipids, and steroids.

b)

It contains all the DNA, RNA, chromatin, and chromosomes.

c)

It is involved in protein and lipid synthesis, modification, and transport.

d)

It produces ATP through cellular respiration.

24.

Which organelle is known as the site of cellular respiration and produces ATP?

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Golgi Apparatus

c)

Mitochondrion

d)

Lysosomes

25.

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

a)

They are involved in protein synthesis.

b)

They contain powerful digestive enzymes.

c)

They store materials like food, waste, and water.

d)

They pack proteins into vesicles for transport.

26.

Which organelle contains the light-trapping pigment chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis?

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Lysosomes

c)

Vacuoles

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

27.

What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus in a cell?

a)

It produces spindle fibers for cell division.

b)

It packs proteins into vesicles for transport.

c)

It synthesizes lipids, phospholipids, and steroids.

d)

It contains all the DNA, RNA, chromatin, and chromosomes.

28.

Which organelle is involved in the synthesis and modification of proteins and has ribosomes attached to it?

a)

Smooth ER (SER)

b)

Rough ER (RER)

c)

Lysosomes

d)

Vacuoles

29.

What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?

a)

They contain powerful digestive enzymes that break down debris and foreign material.

b)

They store materials like food, waste, and water.

c)

They are involved in protein and lipid synthesis, modification, and transport.

d)

They produce ATP through cellular respiration.

30.

Which organelle is described as a fluid-filled organelle that stores materials like food, waste, and water in plant cells?

a)

Lysosomes

b)

Vacuoles

c)

Chloroplasts

d)

Centrioles

31.

What is the passive movement of molecules and particles along a concentration gradient, from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration, called?

a)

Active Transport

b)

Simple Diffusion

c)

Facilitated Diffusion

d)

Endocytosis

32.

Which type of transport requires a substance to be attached to a carrier molecule or pass through a protein channel to pass through the cell membrane without using energy?

a)

Simple Diffusion

b)

Active Transport

c)

Facilitated Diffusion

d)

Endocytosis

33.

What is the term for the difference in concentration of solutes between two regions?

a)

Osmosis

b)

Concentration Gradient

c)

Plasmolysis

d)

Osmolarity

34.

What type of transport involves molecules moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration against the concentration gradient and requires ATP?

a)

Simple Diffusion

b)

Facilitated Diffusion

c)

Active Transport

d)

Osmosis

35.

What is the process called when cells import molecules by vesicles fusing with the cell membrane?

a)

Exocytosis

b)

Endocytosis

c)

Simple Diffusion

d)

Facilitated Diffusion

36.

Which term describes a substance that can dissolve other substances?

a)

Solute

b)

Solvent

c)

Solution

d)

Osmolarity

37.

What is the movement of molecules from a place of low solute concentration to a place of high solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane until equilibrium is reached?

a)

Active Transport

b)

Simple Diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Plasmolysis

38.

What is the term for the total concentration of solutes in a solution?

a)

Osmolarity

b)

Plasmolysis

c)

Flaccid

d)

Turgid

39.

What happens to a plant cell when it loses water and the vacuole shrinks?

a)

It becomes turgid

b)

It undergoes plasmolysis

c)

It becomes flaccid

d)

It undergoes osmosis

40.

What is a plant cell called when it is full of water and cannot gain any more water?

a)

Flaccid

b)

Turgid

c)

Plasmolysed

d)

Osmolar

41.

What is tonicity?

a)

The ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water.

b)

The ability of a cell to divide and reproduce.

c)

The ability of a cell to produce energy.

d)

The ability of a solution to change color.

42.

What happens to a cell in an isotonic solution?

a)

The cell gains water and swells.

b)

The cell loses water and shrivels.

c)

There is no net movement of water.

d)

The cell bursts.

43.

What happens to cells placed in hypertonic solutions?

a)

They gain water and swell.

b)

They lose water and become shriveled.

c)

They remain the same.

d)

They burst.

44.

What happens to cells placed in hypotonic solutions?

a)

They gain water and swell.

b)

They lose water and become shriveled.

c)

They remain the same.

d)

They burst.

45.

Which type of transport requires energy in the form of ATP?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Facilitated diffusion

c)

Active transport

d)

Osmosis

46.

In which type of solution does an animal cell become lysed?

a)

Isotonic

b)

Hypertonic

c)

Hypotonic

d)

None of the above

47.

In which type of solution does a plant cell become turgid?

a)

Isotonic

b)

Hypertonic

c)

Hypotonic

d)

None of the above

48.

What is a phospholipid composed of?

a)

A lipid containing a hydrophilic/polar phosphate head and 2 fatty acid hydrophobic tails

b)

A lipid containing a hydrophobic/polar phosphate head and 2 fatty acid hydrophilic tails

c)

A lipid containing a hydrophilic/polar phosphate head and 3 fatty acid hydrophobic tails

d)

A lipid containing a hydrophobic/polar phosphate head and 3 fatty acid hydrophilic tails

49.

What does the Fluid Mosaic Model describe?

a)

A static structure of the cell membrane

b)

A fluid structure of the membrane with various proteins embedded in or attached to a bilayer of phospholipids

c)

A rigid structure of the cell membrane with no proteins

d)

A fluid structure of the membrane with no proteins

50.

What happens to cell membrane fluidity when temperature decreases?

a)

Cell fluidity increases, and the cell becomes more flexible

b)

Cell fluidity decreases, and the cell becomes rigid

c)

Cell fluidity remains the same

d)

Cell fluidity increases, and the cell becomes rigid

51.

How does cholesterol function in regulating cell membrane fluidity?

a)

Cholesterol increases membrane rigidity at high temperatures

b)

Cholesterol acts as a spacer to keep phospholipids from moving too far apart at high temperatures

c)

Cholesterol decreases membrane fluidity at low temperatures

d)

Cholesterol acts as a spacer to keep phospholipids from moving too close together at high temperatures

52.

What type of lipid composition do fish living in extremely cold environments have in their membranes?

a)

High proportions of saturated lipids

b)

High proportions of unsaturated lipids

c)

Equal proportions of saturated and unsaturated lipids

d)

No lipids

53.

Which type of membrane protein penetrates the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer?

a)

Peripheral proteins

b)

Integral proteins

c)

Cholesterol

d)

Phospholipids

54.

What is the primary function of enzymes?

a)

To bind to substrates

b)

To act as organic catalysts

c)

To change the shape of active sites

d)

To denature proteins

55.

What is the term for the area on the enzyme where the substrate fits into?

a)

Substrate

b)

Active site

c)

Denaturation site

d)

Hydrophobic region

56.

What happens to most enzymes when they are boiled in water?

a)

They become more active

b)

They bind more substrates

c)

They denature

d)

They form new active sites

57.

What is the role of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?

a)

They penetrate the lipid bilayer

b)

They are loosely bound to the surface of the membrane

c)

They span the membrane

d)

They form the hydrophobic interior

58.

Which kingdom includes multicellular organisms that are heterotrophic, lack cell walls, and exhibit movement at some stage of life?

a)

Plantae

b)

Animalia

c)

Fungi

d)

Protista

59.

Which kingdom consists of organisms that possess cell walls made of cellulose and undergo photosynthesis to produce energy?

a)

Fungi

b)

Bacteria

c)

Plantae

d)

Chromista

60.

Which kingdom includes heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms that absorb nutrients externally and reproduce through spores?

a)

Protista

b)

Fungi

c)

Archaea

d)

Chromista

61.

Which kingdom is characterized by mostly unicellular organisms with diverse characteristics, ranging from autotrophic to heterotrophic?

a)

Protista

b)

Bacteria

c)

Chromista

d)

Archaea

62.

Which kingdom includes single-celled prokaryotic organisms that lack membrane-bound organelles and reproduce through binary fission?

a)

Archaea

b)

Bacteria

c)

Chromista

d)

Fungi

63.

Which kingdom includes single-celled prokaryotic organisms often found in extreme environments with unique cell membrane composition?

a)

Bacteria

b)

Protista

c)

Archaea

d)

Chromista

64.

Which kingdom includes mostly aquatic organisms with diverse characteristics, possessing chloroplasts with chlorophyll c?

a)

Chromista

b)

Plantae

c)

Fungi

d)

Protista

65.

What is the first and longest phase of the cell cycle, during which the cell spends 90% of its lifespan?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Interphase

d)

Telophase

66.

Which stage of interphase is associated with chromosome duplication?

a)

G1 phase

b)

S phase

c)

G2 phase

d)

M phase

67.

During which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes condense together in preparation for cell division?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

68.

In which stage of mitosis do spindle fibers form and attach to the centromere of each chromosome?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

69.

During which stage of mitosis do the spindle fibers contract and pull apart the sister chromatids?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

70.

What is the final stage of mitosis, where chromosomes pack together on either side of the cell and new nuclear membranes form?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

71.

What process refers to the actual separation of the cytoplasm and nuclear membranes, resulting in two identical daughter cells?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Cytokinesis

72.

In animal cells, what structure forms and pinches the cell into two new cells during cytokinesis?

a)

Cell plate

b)

Cleavage furrow

c)

Spindle fibers

d)

Centromere

73.

In plant cells, what structure forms along the equator of the cell during cytokinesis?

a)

Cleavage furrow

b)

Spindle fibers

c)

Cell plate

d)

Centromere

74.

What type of reproduction is binary fission?

a)

Sexual reproduction

b)

Asexual reproduction

c)

Budding

d)

Fragmentation

75.

What is the acronym to remember the stages of binary fission?

a)

DESS

b)

DESC

c)

DECS

d)

DSEC

76.

What does the 'S' in the acronym DESC stand for in the context of binary fission?

a)

Septum formation

b)

Separation

c)

Synthesis

d)

Segmentation

77.

During which stage of binary fission does the cell elongate and the replicated circular chromosomes migrate to opposite ends?

a)

DNA Replication

b)

Elongation

c)

Septum formation

d)

Cell Division

78.

What is the process called when the cell begins to pinch inwards and create a septum during binary fission?

a)

Cytokinesis

b)

Mitosis

c)

Meiosis

d)

Apoptosis

79.

Which of the following is NOT a difference between binary fission and mitosis?

a)

Binary fission happens in prokaryotic cells, mitosis occurs in eukaryotic cells

b)

Chromosomes condense during binary fission

c)

Centrioles do not separate chromosomes during binary fission

d)

A nuclear membrane is not broken up in binary fission

80.

Which of the following is always paired with adenine in DNA?

a)

Cytosine

b)

Guanine

c)

Thymine

d)

Uracil

81.

What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

a)

Combines with proteins to form ribosomes

b)

Carries amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis

c)

Carries the code for protein synthesis to the ribosomes

d)

Synthesizes proteins directly

82.

Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA mentioned in the text?

a)

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

b)

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

c)

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

d)

Nuclear RNA (nRNA)

83.

What is the complementary base pair for guanine in DNA?

a)

Thymine

b)

Adenine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Uracil

84.

Which of the following statements is true about RNA?

a)

True

b)

False

85.

What triggers programmed cell death (apoptosis) in the body?

a)

External factors

b)

Normal processes

c)

Bacterial infection

d)

Lack of nutrients

86.

Which of the following is NOT a type of cell eliminated by apoptosis?

a)

Cells with damaged DNA

b)

Cells infected with a virus

c)

Cells that are old

d)

Healthy skin cells

87.

Which of the following is an example of a cell that undergoes apoptosis?

a)

Neurons in the brain

b)

Lining of the uterus

c)

Muscle cells

d)

Red blood cells

88.

What is the main difference between apoptosis and necrosis?

a)

Apoptosis is triggered by external factors, while necrosis is triggered by normal processes.

b)

Apoptosis is a form of cell death, while necrosis is a form of cell growth.

c)

Apoptosis is triggered by normal processes, while necrosis is triggered by external factors.

d)

Apoptosis occurs in healthy cells, while necrosis occurs in dead cells.

89.

What role does cytochrome c play in the mitochondrial (intrinsic) pathway of apoptosis?

a)

It binds to death receptor proteins.

b)

It activates caspase enzymes.

c)

It repairs damaged DNA.

d)

It inhibits apoptosis.

90.

Which pathway involves death signalling molecules binding to death receptor proteins on the cell surface?

a)

Mitochondrial (intrinsic) pathway

b)

Death receptor (extrinsic) pathway

c)

Autophagy pathway

d)

Necrosis pathway

91.

What happens to the cell after apoptosis?

a)

The cell grows larger.

b)

The cell divides into two new cells.

c)

Phagocytes engulf and digest the apoptotic bodies.

d)

The cell repairs itself.

92.

Which stage of apoptosis involves caspases entering the nucleus and cleaving DNA?

a)

Activation of caspases

b)

Digestion of cell contents

c)

Cell shrinks

d)

Membrane blebbing and breakage

93.

What happens during the digestion of cell contents in apoptosis?

a)

Caspases break down the organelles

b)

The cell and nucleus shrink

c)

The membrane warps and detaches

d)

Caspases cleave DNA

94.

What is the role of the G1 checkpoint in the cell cycle?

a)

Inspects for DNA damage

b)

Confirms that DNA has correctly replicated in S phase

c)

Confirms that spindle fibres have correctly attached to the centromeres of chromosomes

d)

Initiates apoptosis

95.

Which checkpoint confirms that DNA has correctly replicated in the S phase?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

Metaphase

d)

Apoptosis

96.

What is a characteristic of benign tumours?

a)

They are relatively slow-growing masses

b)

They invade nearby tissues and enter the bloodstream

c)

They are cancerous due to their ability to migrate

d)

They grow exponentially

97.

What is a key feature of malignant tumours?

a)

They are generally enclosed within a capsule

b)

They can mutate further and invade nearby tissues

c)

They are slow-growing

d)

They do not enter the bloodstream

98.

What is the significance of apoptosis in eukaryotic organisms?

a)

It is vital to the healthy functioning and development

b)

It causes deviant cell production

c)

It prevents DNA replication

d)

It stops spindle fibres from attaching to chromosomes

99.

Which characteristic allows tumour cells to replicate without external growth signals?

a)

Antigrowth deactivation

b)

Increased survival

c)

Self-sufficiency

d)

Tissue invasion and metastasis

100.

What happens to apoptosis in tumour cells?

a)

It functions normally

b)

It is deactivated

c)

It functions correctly

d)

It is enhanced

101.

Which of the following statements about cells is incorrect?

a)

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm and ribosomes.

b)

Prokaryotic cells do not contain a membrane-bound nucleus.

c)

Prokaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus.

d)

There are many more prokaryotic cells on Earth than there are eukaryotic cells.

102.

An organism was described as being made up of a single cell containing a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.


Which of the following correctly identifies the organism being described?

a)

A unicellular eukaryote

b)

A unicellular prokaryote

c)

A multicellular eukaryote

d)

A multicellular prokaryote

103.

A light microscope has an ocular lens magnification of 10× and a total magnification of 400×. Which of the following options correctly indicates the magnification of the objective lens?

a)

10×

b)

4000×

c)

4×

d)

40×

104.

Which of the following options lists the different types of microscopes in order of increasing resolving power?

a)

Light microscope, fluorescent microscope, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope

b)

Light microscope, fluorescent microscope, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope

c)

Fluorescent microscope, light microscope, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope

d)

Fluorescent microscope, light microscope,, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope

105.

Of the following types of microscope, which one would be used to produce three-dimensional representations of cell structure?

a)

Transmission electron microscope

b)

Compound light microscope

c)

Fluorescent microscope

d)

Confocal laser scanning microscope

106.

The width of a human hair is approximately 100um.


Which of the following options correctly indicates this measurement in mm?

a)

0.1mm

b)

1000mm

c)

10mm

d)

1mm

107.

Which of the following options correctly lists the organelles in a plant cell that can be seen with a light microscope that is typically used in schools?

a)

Cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, vacuole

b)

Cell wall, nucleus, chloroplast, vacuole

c)

Cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, vacuole

d)

Cell wall, nucleus, Golgi body, mitochondria, chloroplast, vacuole

108.

Of the following, which option correctly lists the organelles/structures that a plant cell contains that an animal cell does not?

a)

Cell membrane, large vacuole, chloroplasts

b)

Cell wall, chloroplasts, lysosomes

c)

Cell wall, large vacuole, chloroplasts, lysosomes

d)

Cell wall, large vacuole, chloroplasts

109.

Which of the following is an incorrect statement about cytoplasm?

a)

The nucleus is part of the cytoplasm.

b)

The cytoplasm is that part of the protoplasm that is outside the nucleus.

c)

The cytoplasm consists of a liquid called the cytosol.

d)

The cytoplasm contains dissolved chemical substances.

110.

Which of the following options identifies in the correct order the function of mitochondria, chloroplasts and ribosomes?

a)

Photosynthesis; cellular respiration; produce polypeptides

b)

Produce polypeptides; photosynthesis; cellular respiration

c)

Cellular respiration; photosynthesis; produce polypeptides

d)

Cellular respiration; produce polypeptides; photosynthesis

111.

A teacher described the structure and function of an organelle as follows:


This organelle is small and formed by the Golgi apparatus. It contains digestive enzymes that are responsible for splitting complex chemical compounds into simpler ones, such as when proteins are broken down into amino acids. Sometimes these organelles may destroy old or damaged cells.


Identify the type of organelle described by the teacher.

a)

Golgi body

b)

Lysosome

c)

Vacuole

d)

Centriole

112.

Which of the following statements about the nucleus is incorrect?

a)

The nucleus is surrounded by a double nuclear membrane that contains many pores.

b)

The nucleus stores the information needed to control all cell activities.

c)

The nucleus is responsible for the processing, sorting and packaging of cell products.

d)

The nucleus contains the nucleolus which is responsible for producing ribosomes.

113.

Organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, Golgi body, chloroplasts are similar in that their structure is made up of flat membranes containing many folds.


The main reason that they all contain these flat, folded structures is that:

a)

this provides the organelles with a distinctive pattern for identification.

b)

this increases the surface area available for the organelle to carry out its function.

c)

all of these organelles carry out the same function.

d)

it allows the substances within the organelle to move more freely.

114.

The structure of the cell membrane:

a)

can be seen using an electron microscope.

b)

is based on the fluid mosaic model.

c)

allows any substance to move into and out of the cell.

d)

allows the concentration of substances inside the cell to vary.

115.

Which of the following statements is incorrect based on the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure?

a)

The cell membrane is made up of a ‘lipid sea’ with many and various proteins floating on and in it.

b)

The cell membrane is made up of a double layer of lipids with the ability to flow and change shape.

c)

Specialised protein molecules are embedded in the lipid in various patterns like a mosaic.

d)

Only the proteins control the exchange of materials between the external and internal environments.

116.

The phospholipid bilayer shown in the diagram below is made up of:

a)

a head made up of fatty acids that are ‘water hating’ and a tail that is containing phosphate that is ‘water loving’.

b)

a head containing phosphate that is ‘water hating’ and a tail that is made up of fatty acids that are ‘water loving’.

c)

a head containing phosphate that is ‘water loving’ and a tail that is made up of fatty acids that are ‘water hating’.

d)

a head made up of fatty acids that are ‘water loving’ and a tail that is containing phosphate that is ‘water hating’.

117.

Of the following, which is NOT a function of the lipid components of the membrane?

a)

To allow the membrane to produce energy

b)

To allow the membrane to be flexible and repair itself

c)

To allow the cells to change shape and grow

d)

To allow the membrane to break and repair itself during cell division

118.

Models are used in science for a number of reasons. Which of the following is an incorrect statement about the use of models?

a)

They can simplify a concept.

b)

They need to be validated in order to be accepted.

c)

They can be used to make a simulated representation of something that can’t be seen.

d)

They can’t be used to make a prediction of expected results.

119.

Which of the following types of substances would move the most freely through the cell membrane?

a)

Large molecules

b)

Non-lipid-soluble molecules

c)

Lipid-soluble molecules

d)

Electrically charged molecules

120.

Which of the following statements most accurately defines the process of diffusion?

a)

The net movement of the molecules of a substance from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration until equilibrium is reached

b)

The net movement of water from a region of high solute concentration to a region of low solute concentration through a differentially permeable membrane

c)

The net movement of water from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration through a differentially permeable membrane

d)

The net movement of the molecules of a substance from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration until equilibrium is reached

121.

Which of the following options identifies what the different parts of the model shown below (dialysis tubing, starch solution, iodide solution) represent in the actual process of diffusion?

a)

Cell wall; external solution surrounding the cell; large molecule that has difficulty diffusing through membrane

b)

Cell membrane; internal contents of cell; small molecule that easily diffuses through membrane

c)

Cell wall; internal contents of cell; small molecule that easily diffuses through membrane

d)

Cell membrane; external solution surrounding the cell; large molecule that has difficulty diffusing through membrane

122.

Which one of the following processes facilitates the movement of large molecules and charged particles either into or out of the cell through the phospholipid bilayer? This movement would occur with the concentration gradient.

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Active transport

d)

Facilitated diffusion

123.

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

a)

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of high water concentration (low solute concentration) to a region of low water concentration (high solute concentration)

b)

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of low water concentration (low solute concentration) to a region of high water concentration (high solute concentration)

c)

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of low water concentration (high solute concentration) to a region of high water concentration (low solute concentration)

d)

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of high water concentration (high solute concentration) to a region of low water concentration (low solute concentration)

124.

An animal cell is placed into a solution that has a higher solute concentration than its cytoplasm. The solution surrounding this cell is known as:

a)

hypertonic to the cells

b)

hypotonic to the cells

c)

osmotic to the cells

d)

isotonic to the cells

125.

An animal cell is placed into a solution that has a higher solute concentration than its cytoplasm. In which direction would the net water movement occur?

a)

There would be no water movement

b)

The water would move in both directions equally

c)

Out of the animal cell

d)

Into the animal cell

126.

In the kidney, cells have to reabsorb glucose into their cells against the concentration gradient. Which of the following processes facilitates this movement?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Active transport

c)

Facilitated diffusion

d)

Osmosis

127.

When an amoeba surrounds its prey (Tetrahymena) the membrane transport process used is:

a)

pinocytosis

b)

phagocytosis

c)

exocytosis

d)

active transport

128.

As the size of a cell increases

a)

the volume and surface area decrease at the same rate.

b)

the volume and surface area decrease at the same rate.

c)

the surface-area-to-volume ratio decreases.

d)

the surface-area-to-volume ratio increases.

129.

The main advantage of a small cell size is that:

a)

it has a large volume relative to its surface area, increasing its efficiency in obtaining nutrients and removing wastes.

b)

it weighs very little and is more able to conserve energy than a large cell.

c)

it takes up much less space in the organism.

d)

it has a small volume relative to its surface area, increasing its efficiency in obtaining nutrients and removing wastes.

130.

The SA:V ratio of the shape below is:

a)

12:1

b)

7:1

c)

8:1

d)

6:1

131.

Glucose is classed as which type of biomacromolecule?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic acid

132.

Lipids are typically made up of:

a)

amino acid chains.

b)

glycerol molecules.

c)

triglyceride molecules.

d)

fatty acid chains.

133.

The primary function of an enzyme in a reaction is to:

a)

decrease the activation energy.

b)

increase the activation energy.

c)

act as substrate molecules.

d)

keep the products from interacting.

134.

In an enzyme-catalysed reaction, as the temperature increases, the rate of the reaction:

a)

will not change at all.

b)

will increase to a certain point and then level off.

c)

will decrease to a certain point and then level off.

d)

will increase to a certain point and then decrease rapidly.

135.

Which of the following are the products of photosynthesis?

a)

Water, sugar and carbon dioxide

b)

Glucose and oxygen

c)

Water and carbon dioxide

d)

Water, oxygen and glucose

136.

Which of the following options contains the correct answers to fill in the gaps in the sentence below regarding the process of photosynthesis?


In photosynthesis, the light-dependent reactions occur in the (i)_______________, while the light-independent stage occurs in the (ii)__________________.

a)

(i) Stroma, (ii) thylakoid membranes

b)

(i) Thylakoid membranes, (ii) stroma

c)

(i) Cytoplasm, (ii) stroma

d)

(i) Stroma, (ii) cytoplasm

137.

Which of the following is a correct statement about the process of aerobic cellular respiration?

a)

Aerobic cellular respiration is a process in plants that produces energy.

b)

Aerobic cellular respiration is a process in animals that involves breathing.

c)

Aerobic cellular respiration is a process in both plants and animals that produces energy.

d)

Aerobic cellular respiration is a process in animals that produces energy.

138.

In animals, which of the following substances is produced anaerobically during strenuous exercise?

a)

Lactic acid

b)

Glucose

c)

Ethanol

d)

Carbon dioxide

139.

Which of the following types of substances would move the most freely through the cell membrane?

a)

Large molecules

b)

Non-lipid-soluble molecules

c)

Lipid-soluble molecules

d)

Electrically charged molecules

140.

Which of the following statements most accurately defines the process of diffusion?

a)

The net movement of the molecules of a substance from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration until equilibrium is reached

b)

The net movement of water from a region of high solute concentration to a region of low solute concentration through a differentially permeable membrane

c)

The net movement of water from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration through a differentially permeable membrane

d)

The net movement of the molecules of a substance from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration until equilibrium is reached

141.

Which of the following options identifies what the different parts of the model shown below (dialysis tubing, starch solution, iodide solution) represent in the actual process of diffusion?

a)

Cell wall; external solution surrounding the cell; large molecule that has difficulty diffusing through membrane

b)

Cell membrane; internal contents of cell; small molecule that easily diffuses through membrane

c)

Cell wall; internal contents of cell; small molecule that easily diffuses through membrane

d)

Cell membrane; external solution surrounding the cell; large molecule that has difficulty diffusing through membrane

142.

Which one of the following processes facilitates the movement of large molecules and charged particles either into or out of the cell through the phospholipid bilayer? This movement would occur with the concentration gradient.

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Active transport

d)

Facilitated diffusion

143.

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

a)

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of high water concentration (low solute concentration) to a region of low water concentration (high solute concentration)

b)

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of low water concentration (low solute concentration) to a region of high water concentration (high solute concentration)

c)

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of low water concentration (high solute concentration) to a region of high water concentration (low solute concentration)

d)

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of high water concentration (high solute concentration) to a region of low water concentration (low solute concentration)

144.

An animal cell is placed into a solution that has a higher solute concentration than its cytoplasm. The solution surrounding this cell is known as:

a)

hypertonic to the cells

b)

hypotonic to the cells

c)

osmotic to the cells

d)

isotonic to the cells

145.

An animal cell is placed into a solution that has a higher solute concentration than its cytoplasm. In which direction would the net water movement occur?

a)

There would be no water movement

b)

The water would move in both directions equally

c)

Out of the animal cell

d)

Into the animal cell

146.

In the kidney, cells have to reabsorb glucose into their cells against the concentration gradient. Which of the following processes facilitates this movement?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Active transport

c)

Facilitated diffusion

d)

Osmosis

147.

When an amoeba surrounds its prey (Tetrahymena) the membrane transport process used is:

a)

pinocytosis

b)

phagocytosis

c)

exocytosis

d)

active transport

148.

As the size of a cell increases

a)

the volume and surface area decrease at the same rate.

b)

the volume and surface area decrease at the same rate.

c)

the surface-area-to-volume ratio decreases.

d)

the surface-area-to-volume ratio increases.

149.

The main advantage of a small cell size is that:

a)

it has a large volume relative to its surface area, increasing its efficiency in obtaining nutrients and removing wastes.

b)

it weighs very little and is more able to conserve energy than a large cell.

c)

it takes up much less space in the organism.

d)

it has a small volume relative to its surface area, increasing its efficiency in obtaining nutrients and removing wastes.

150.

The SA:V ratio of the shape below is:

a)

12:1

b)

7:1

c)

8:1

d)

6:1

151.

Glucose is classed as which type of biomacromolecule?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic acid

152.

Lipids are typically made up of:

a)

amino acid chains.

b)

glycerol molecules.

c)

triglyceride molecules.

d)

fatty acid chains.

153.

The primary function of an enzyme in a reaction is to:

a)

decrease the activation energy.

b)

increase the activation energy.

c)

act as substrate molecules.

d)

keep the products from interacting.

154.

In an enzyme-catalysed reaction, as the temperature increases, the rate of the reaction:

a)

will not change at all.

b)

will increase to a certain point and then level off.

c)

will decrease to a certain point and then level off.

d)

will increase to a certain point and then decrease rapidly.

155.

Which of the following are the products of photosynthesis?

a)

Water, sugar and carbon dioxide

b)

Glucose and oxygen

c)

Water and carbon dioxide

d)

Water, oxygen and glucose

156.

Which of the following options contains the correct answers to fill in the gaps in the sentence below regarding the process of photosynthesis?


In photosynthesis, the light-dependent reactions occur in the (i)_______________, while the light-independent stage occurs in the (ii)__________________.

a)

(i) Stroma, (ii) thylakoid membranes

b)

(i) Thylakoid membranes, (ii) stroma

c)

(i) Cytoplasm, (ii) stroma

d)

(i) Stroma, (ii) cytoplasm

157.

Which of the following is a correct statement about the process of aerobic cellular respiration?

a)

Aerobic cellular respiration is a process in plants that produces energy.

b)

Aerobic cellular respiration is a process in animals that involves breathing.

c)

Aerobic cellular respiration is a process in both plants and animals that produces energy.

d)

Aerobic cellular respiration is a process in animals that produces energy.

158.

In animals, which of the following substances is produced anaerobically during strenuous exercise?

a)

Lactic acid

b)

Glucose

c)

Ethanol

d)

Carbon dioxide

159.

The main difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs in terms of obtaining their nutrient requirements is that:

a)

autotrophs must take in all required organic and inorganic nutrients; heterotrophs possess the ability to produce their own organic nutrients but need to take in the required organic nutrients.

b)

There is no difference in terms of autotrophs and heterotrophs obtaining their nutrient requirements.

c)

heterotrophs must take in all required organic and inorganic nutrients; autotrophs possess the ability to produce their own organic nutrients but need to take in the required organic nutrients.

d)

heterotrophs must take in all required organic but can produce some of their inorganic nutrients; autotrophs possess the ability to produce their own organic nutrients but need to take in the required organic nutrients.

160.

The systems in a vascular plant are:

a)

root, shoot and vascular.

b)

root, shoot and xylem

c)

root, leaves and vascular.

d)

root, stem and vascular.

161.

Which of the following statements about the root system is INCORRECT?

a)

Water moves from the soil into the roots by diffusion/osmosis

b)

Root cells contain chloroplasts.

c)

The main function of the roots is to anchor the plant in the soil and absorb water and mineral ions

d)

Branching root systems and root hair cells increase the surface area for absorption.

162.

Which of the following statements about vascular tissue is correct?

a)

Xylem carries the products of photosynthesis to all parts of the plant.

b)

Xylem carries the water and minerals that have been absorbed in the roots.

c)

Phloem carries minerals from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

d)

Movement of substances in phloem occurs in only one direction.

163.

What is the main function of the leaf?

a)

To absorb sunlight and carry out photosynthesis

b)

To provide shade for the plant

c)

To provide food for animals

d)

To carry out respiration

164.

In a plant, the dermal tissue in the stem is:

a)

all of the internal tissue in the stem.

b)

the packing tissue of the stem.

c)

the tissue that makes up the xylem and phloem.

d)

the outer layer of the stem.

165.

The leaves of plants are adapted to absorb the maximum amount of sunlight possible.

Which of the following options is NOT an adaptation of the leaf to absorb the maximum amount of sunlight?

a)

Thin, flat structure

b)

Palisade mesophyll cells packed with chloroplasts

c)

Cuticle covering the upper and lower surface of the leaf

d)

Vertical, elongated palisade cells

166.

Advanced imaging technologies can be used to determine plant structure and function.

Which of the following is NOT an example of an advanced imaging technology?

a)

Positron emission tomography

b)

X-ray computed microtomography

c)

Magnetic resonance imaging

d)

Digital camera

167.

Different technologies such as radioactive tracing using radioisotopes can trace the development and movement of the products of photosynthesis.

Using these technologies, it was found that the source of the oxygen gas released in the process of photosynthesis was:

a)

the water.

b)

the carbon dioxide gas.

c)

the glucose.

d)

both the water and carbon dioxide gas.

168.

In an experiment, two leaves were taken from the same plant and examined under a light microscope. In leaf 1 most of the stomata were closed; in leaf 2, most of the stomata were open.

What is the most likely explanation for this difference?

a)

Leaf 1 was removed when the plant was still growing; leaf 2 was removed when the plant was mature.

b)

Leaf 1 was removed when the plant was water stressed; leaf 2 was removed when the plant was not water stressed.

c)

Leaf 1 was removed on a cold day; leaf 2 was removed on a very hot day.

d)

Leaf 1 was removed during the day; leaf 2 was removed at night.

169.

Cellular respiration in plants occurs:

a)

during the day only.

b)

during the night only.

c)

during the day and night.

d)

only when the stomata are open

170.

The alveoli situated within the lungs is the gaseous exchange surface in mammals.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that would ensure efficient gas exchange?

a)

The large number of small alveoli provides a large surface area.

b)

Each alveolus has a single layer of flattened cells.

c)

The surface of all parts of the respiratory system is moist.

d)

A small number of capillaries surround each alveolus.

171.

A terrestrial animal has a respiratory system that has openings, called spiracles, that contain valves to regulate their opening and closing. Air enters the spiracle and moves into tracheal tubes which branch into tracheoles that bring the air directly to the cells.

Which of the following correctly identifies the terrestrial animal that possesses this system for gaseous exchange?

a)

Fish

b)

Birds

c)

Insects

d)

Reptiles

172.

Use the following information to answer Questions 14–17.


Snails and a water plant are being used in this experiment to compare gas exchange in plants and animals.

The liquid in the test tubes shown in the diagram is the indicator hydrogen carbonate solution.

This indicator changes colour due the amount of carbon dioxide present.

It is red when the level of carbon dioxide is equal to that in the atmosphere, orange/yellow when carbon dioxide levels increase (low pH) and changes from red to magenta to purple with decreased carbon dioxide levels (high pH).


Which test tubes are being used as controls in this experiment?

a)

1 and 2

b)

4 and 8

c)

2 and 6

d)

3 and 7

173.

In which test tube would photosynthesis be occurring?

a)

2 and 6

b)

3 and 7

c)

2, 3, 6 and 7

d)

2 and 3

174.

Which option correctly identifies all of the test tubes where cellular respiration are occurring?

a)

1, 3, 5 and 7

b)

1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7

c)

2, 3, 6 and 7

d)

1, 2 and 3

175.

Which of the test tubes would be expected to have the lowest pH at the Conclusion of the experiment?

a)

7

b)

3

c)

2

d)

1

176.

We chew food in order to break it into smaller pieces in order to increase its surface area.

This is an example of:

a)

Chemical Digestion

b)

Initial Digestion

c)

Physical Digestion

d)

Mechanical Digestion

177.

Which of the following organs in the digestive system are lined with villi?

a)

Oesophagus

b)

Stomach

c)

Small Intestine

d)

Large Intestine

178.

Enzymes are secreted by many organs in the digestive system.


Which of the following does not secrete digestive enzymes?

a)

Oesophagus

b)

Stomach

c)

Salivary Glands

d)

Pancreas

179.

The main difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs in terms of obtaining their nutrient requirements is that:

a)

autotrophs must take in all required organic and inorganic nutrients; heterotrophs possess the ability to produce their own organic nutrients but need to take in the required organic nutrients.

b)

There is no difference in terms of autotrophs and heterotrophs obtaining their nutrient requirements.

c)

heterotrophs must take in all required organic and inorganic nutrients; autotrophs possess the ability to produce their own organic nutrients but need to take in the required organic nutrients.

d)

heterotrophs must take in all required organic but can produce some of their inorganic nutrients; autotrophs possess the ability to produce their own organic nutrients but need to take in the required organic nutrients.

180.

The systems in a vascular plant are:

a)

root, shoot and vascular.

b)

root, shoot and xylem.

c)

root, leaves and vascular.

d)

root, stem and vascular.

181.

Which of the following statements about the root system is INCORRECT?

a)

Water moves from the soil into the roots by diffusion.

b)

Root cells contain chloroplasts.

c)

The main function of the roots is to anchor the plant in the soil and absorb water and mineral ions.

d)

Branching root systems and root hair cells increase the surface area for absorption.

182.

Which of the following statements about vascular tissue is correct?

a)

Xylem carries the products of photosynthesis to all parts of the plant.

b)

Xylem carries the water and minerals that have been absorbed in the roots.

c)

Phloem carries minerals from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

d)

Movement of substances in phloem occurs in only one direction.

183.

What is the main function of the leaf?

a)

To absorb sunlight and carry out photosynthesis

b)

To provide shade for the plant

c)

To provide food for animals

d)

To carry out respiration

184.

In a plant, the dermal tissue in the stem is:

a)

all of the internal tissue in the stem.

b)

the packing tissue of the stem.

c)

the tissue that makes up the xylem and phloem.

d)

the outer layer of the stem.

185.

The leaves of plants are adapted to absorb the maximum amount of sunlight possible.


Which of the following options is NOT an adaptation of the leaf to absorb the maximum amount of sunlight?

a)

Thin, flat structure

b)

Palisade mesophyll cells packed with chloroplasts

c)

Cuticle covering the upper and lower surface of the leaf

d)

Vertical, elongated palisade cells

186.

Advanced imaging technologies can be used to determine plant structure and function.


Which of the following is NOT an example of an advanced imaging technology?

a)

Positron emission tomography

b)

X-ray computed microtomography

c)

Magnetic resonance imaging

d)

Digital camera

187.

Different technologies such as radioactive tracing using radioisotopes can trace the development and movement of the products of photosynthesis.


Using these technologies, it was found that the source of the oxygen gas released in the process of photosynthesis was:

a)

the water.

b)

the carbon dioxide gas.

c)

the glucose.

d)

both the water and carbon dioxide gas.

188.

In an experiment, two leaves were taken from the same plant and examined under a light microscope. In leaf 1 most of the stomata were closed; in leaf 2, most of the stomata were open.


What is the most likely explanation for this difference?

a)

Leaf 1 was removed when the plant was still growing; leaf 2 was removed when the plant was mature.

b)

Leaf 1 was removed when the plant was water stressed; leaf 2 was removed when the plant was not water stressed.

c)

Leaf 1 was removed on a cold day; leaf 2 was removed on a very hot day.

d)

Leaf 1 was removed during the day; leaf 2 was removed at night.

189.

Cellular respiration in plants occurs:

a)

during the day only.

b)

during the night only.

c)

during the day and night.

d)

only when the stomata are open.

190.

The alveoli situated within the lungs is the gaseous exchange surface in mammals.


Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that would ensure efficient gas exchange?

a)

The large number of small alveoli provides a large surface area.

b)

Each alveolus has a single layer of flattened cells.

c)

The surface of all parts of the respiratory system is moist.

d)

A small number of capillaries surround each alveolus.

191.

A terrestrial animal has a respiratory system that has openings, called spiracles, that contain valves to regulate their opening and closing. Air enters the spiracle and moves into tracheal tubes which branch into tracheoles that bring the air directly to the cells.


Which of the following correctly identifies the terrestrial animal that possesses this system for gaseous exchange?

a)

Fish

b)

Birds

c)

Insects

d)

Reptiles

192.

Use the following picture to answer:


Snails and a water plant are being used in this experiment to compare gas exchange in plants and animals.


The liquid in the test tubes shown in the diagram is the indicator hydrogen carbonate solution.


This indicator changes colour due the amount of carbon dioxide present.


It is red when the level of carbon dioxide is equal to that in the atmosphere, orange/yellow when carbon dioxide levels increase (low pH) and changes from red to magenta to purple with decreased carbon dioxide levels (high pH).


Which test tubes are being used as controls in this experiment?

a)

1 and 2

b)

4 and 8

c)

2 and 6

d)

3 and 7

193.

Use the following picture to answer:


Snails and a water plant are being used in this experiment to compare gas exchange in plants and animals.


The liquid in the test tubes shown in the diagram is the indicator hydrogen carbonate solution.


This indicator changes colour due the amount of carbon dioxide present.


It is red when the level of carbon dioxide is equal to that in the atmosphere, orange/yellow when carbon dioxide levels increase (low pH) and changes from red to magenta to purple with decreased carbon dioxide levels (high pH).


In which test tubes would photosynthesis be occurring?

a)

2 and 6

b)

3 and 7

c)

2, 3, 6 and 7

d)

2 and 3

194.

Use the following picture to answer:


Snails and a water plant are being used in this experiment to compare gas exchange in plants and animals.


The liquid in the test tubes shown in the diagram is the indicator hydrogen carbonate solution.


This indicator changes colour due the amount of carbon dioxide present.


It is red when the level of carbon dioxide is equal to that in the atmosphere, orange/yellow when carbon dioxide levels increase (low pH) and changes from red to magenta to purple with decreased carbon dioxide levels (high pH).


Which option correctly identifies all of the test tubes in which cellular respiration would be occurring?

a)

1, 3, 5, 7

b)

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7

c)

2, 3, 6, 7

d)

1, 2, 3

195.

Use the following picture to answer:


Snails and a water plant are being used in this experiment to compare gas exchange in plants and animals.


The liquid in the test tubes shown in the diagram is the indicator hydrogen carbonate solution.


This indicator changes colour due the amount of carbon dioxide present.


It is red when the level of carbon dioxide is equal to that in the atmosphere, orange/yellow when carbon dioxide levels increase (low pH) and changes from red to magenta to purple with decreased carbon dioxide levels (high pH).


Which of the test tubes would be expected to have the lowest pH at the conclusion of the experiment?

a)

7

b)

3

c)

2

d)

1

196.

We chew food in order to break it down from large pieces into small pieces to increase its surface area.


This is an example of:

a)

chemical digestion.

b)

initial digestion.

c)

physical digestion.

d)

mechanical digestion.

197.

Which of the following organs in the digestive system are lined with villi?

a)

Oesophagus

b)

Stomach

c)

Small intestine

d)

Large intestine

198.

Enzymes are secreted by many organs in the digestive system.


Which of the following does not secrete digestive enzymes?

a)

Oesophagus

b)

Stomach

c)

Salivary glands

d)

Pancreas

199.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of transport systems in plants and animals?

a)

A system of vessels in which substances are transported

b)

A heart to pump the fluid

c)

A suitable transport medium

d)

A driving mechanism to move the substances

200.

The main driving force for the movement of water from the roots to the top of the plant is:

a)

the negative gravitational pull from Earth.

b)

the atmospheric pressure on roots.

c)

osmosis in the roots.

d)

the tension caused by the evaporation of water through the stomata.

201.

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for a successful transpiration stream?

a)

Adhesion of water cells to the xylem walls

b)

Cohesive forces between water molecules

c)

Active transport of water through xylem vessels

d)

Thick, lignified walls of the xylem tissue to withstand the pressure

202.

Eosin was used in this experiment:

a)

to dye the water to trace its pathway through the plant.

b)

to create a pattern in the celery.

c)

to demonstrate the movement of sugars through the plant.

d)

to demonstrate that eosin is capable of moving through the plant.

203.

The attraction of water molecules to each other is called:

a)

adhesion

b)

cohesion

c)

attraction

d)

transpirational pull.

204.

The term given to (i) the movement of the products of photosynthesis throughout the plant and (ii) the direction of movement is:

a)

(i) translocation and (ii) only one direction

b)

(i) transpiration and (ii) only one direction

c)

(i) transpiration and (ii) whichever direction is required

d)

(i) translocation and (ii) whichever direction is required

205.

Which of the following types of tissue are represented by the diagram below?

a)

Xylem

b)

Xylem and phloem

c)

Vascular bundle

d)

Phloem

206.

The movement of substances in the phloem is caused by:

a)

the formation of high pressure areas at the sink and low pressure areas at the source.

b)

the movement of water in the xylem.

c)

the formation of high pressure areas at the source and low pressure areas at the sink.

d)

the formation of equal areas of pressure at both the source and the sink.

207.

Which of the following best describes how a region of high pressure is formed in the phloem tissue?

a)

Water is actively pumped into the phloem tissue, which creates a dilute solution, which in turn causes sugars to move by diffusion into the phloem.

b)

Sugars are actively pumped into the phloem tissue, which creates a concentrated solution, which in turn causes water to move by osmosis into the phloem.

c)

Sugars move by diffusion into the phloem tissue, which creates a concentrated solution, which in turn causes water to be actively pumped into the phloem.

d)

Water moves by osmosis into the phloem tissue, which creates a dilute solution, which in turn causes sugars to be actively pumped into the phloem.

208.

In an apple tree, it is expected that the sugars produced by the tree would flow from (i)____________ to (ii)__________________.


Choose the option that would correctly fill in the terms in the sentence above.

a)

(i) a leaf (ii) a growing apple

b)

(i) the trunk (ii) a leaf

c)

(i) the roots (ii) a growing shoot

d)

(i) a growing shoot (ii) a leaf

209.

A tree had a ring of bark removed. The tree looked normal for a number of weeks before it died.


The tissue that remained functional in the weeks before the tree died is:

a)

the phloem

b)

the xylem

c)

the sieve elements

d)

the companion cells

210.

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

a)

Our scientific understanding of the structure and functioning of plants has been developed by many scientists.

b)

Hypotheses, theories and models are modified when required if new information and results indicate they are no longer correct.

c)

Many theories about the functioning of plants over the years have been proven correct.

d)

Successful collaboration of scientists is advantage to the understanding of scientific concepts.

211.

Invertebrate animals possess an open circulatory system.


An open circulatory system does NOT:

a)

transport gases through the body of the organism.

b)

possess a heart.

c)

possess open-ended blood vessels

d)

surround the organs with blood.

212.

Which of the following is the correct pathway of blood through the circulatory system?

a)

Left atrium ? left ventricle ? lungs ? right atrium ? right ventricle ? body

b)

Left atrium ? lungs ? left ventricle ? body ? right atrium ? right ventricle

c)

Left atrium ? left ventricle ? right atrium ? right ventricle ? lungs ? body

d)

Left atrium ? left ventricle ? body ? right atrium ? right ventricle ? lungs

213.

Which of the chambers of the heart is the most muscular and why?

a)

The right ventricle as it has to pump the blood to all parts of the body.

b)

The right ventricle as it has to pump the blood to the lungs.

c)

The left ventricle as it has to pump the blood to all parts of the body.

d)

The left ventricle as it has to pump the blood to the lungs.

214.

The blood vessels that provide direct access to all body cells are the:

a)

arteries and arterioles.

b)

veins and venules.

c)

capillaries.

d)

arteries and veins.

215.

The component that makes up the greatest percentage in human blood is:

a)

red blood cells

b)

plasma

c)

white blood cells

d)

red and white blood cells combined

216.

One of the transport systems in mammals is the lymphatic system.


This system:

a)

consists of veins with one-way valves in them.

b)

is a series of vessels that collect the extra intracellular fluids and return them to the arteries.

c)

is a series of vessels that collect the fluids from between the cells and return it to the bloodstream.

d)

carries lymph around the body, from the heart and back again.

217.

As blood circulates from the heart through the body, it changes colour.


Which of the following statements is correct?

a)

Blood turns light red because the amount of oxygen it is carrying decreases.

b)

Blood turns dark red because it is picking up oxygen.

c)

Blood turns light red because it is picking up oxygen.

d)

Blood turns dark red because the amount of oxygen in it decreases.

218.

The composition of blood changes as it moves through the circulatory system. After blood has passed through a particular organ in mammalian body it was found to have less oxygen, more carbon dioxide, more glucose and more amino acids.


The organ that the blood has passed through is most likely:

a)

the lungs.

b)

the kidney.

c)

the large intestine.

d)

the small intestine.

Similar Resources on Wayground

BiologyMidtermReview

217 questions

BiologyMidtermReview

quiz

Worksheet

•

9th - 12th Grade

GENBIO2

219 questions

GENBIO2

quiz

Worksheet

•

9th - 12th Grade