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Quiz #1_Chapters 3 & 5_OpenStax_ Summer 2024

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 2hrs 33mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A belief or attitude that one’s own culture is superior to all others is called:

a)

ethnocentrism

b)

nationalism

c)

xenocentrism

d)

imperialism

2.

Some people think ethnocentrism is harmful when someone assumes that

a)

it is acceptable to discriminate against those from different cultural backgrounds

b)

one should only focus on their own cultural norms and values

c)

the customs and traditions of their own culture are superior to all others

3.

Evaluating another culture solely by the standards of one's own culture is called:

a)

Afrocentrism

b)

Judgmentalism

c)

Egocentrism

d)

Ethnocentrism

4.

German Nazi regime believed that they were a superior race and considered Jews as an inferior race. This reflects an _____________.

a)

Ethnocentrism

b)

Cultural Relativism

5.

The principle that an individual's beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individual's culture.

a)

Cultural relativism

b)

Ethnocentrism

c)

Xenocentrism

d)

Multiculturalism

6.

Women in India wear red on their wedding day while most Christians wear white. This reflects a/an _______________.

a)

Ethnocentrism

b)

Cultural Relativism

7.

The beliefs and behaviors that a social group shares are known as:

a)

Culture

b)

Counterculture

c)

Subculture

d)

Religion

8.

What term describes the rules that dictate acceptable behavior within a society, which most members follow?

a)

Norms

b)

Values

c)

Beliefs

d)

Customs

9.

Norms can be different in different societies:

a)

True

b)

False

10.

A speed limit sign is an example of a:

a)

Formal Norm

b)

Informal Norm

11.
What do sociologists call the shared beliefs about what is good or bad, right or wrong? 
a)
Technology
b)
Symbols
c)
Values
d)
Language
12.

Behaviors, beliefs, and characteristics of a particular social, ethnic, or age group

a)

government

b)

economy

c)

culture

13.

The spread of a cultural trait from its original location

a)

Cultural relativism

b)

Xenophobia

c)

Cultural diffusion

14.

High culture refers to cultural patterns that distinguish a society's __________

a)

popularity

b)

normal standards

c)

common behavior

d)

elite

15.

Low culture includes the cultural behaviours and ideas that are ________ with most people in a society

a)

accepted

b)

popular

c)

common

d)

normal

16.

Subcultures are groups within a society that

a)

merge

b)

blend in

c)

stand out

d)

conform

17.

Which term refers to a group that actively resists and challenges the prevailing cultural norms?

a)

counter culture

b)

sub culture

c)

cultural lag

d)

lack of culture

18.

What is one of the main effects of Globalization?

a)

Increased isolation of countries

b)

Enhanced cultural exchange

c)

Reduction in international trade

d)

Decreased communication between nations

19.

Which of the following is an example of globalization?

a)

Local farmers selling produce in a village market

b)

International companies operating in multiple countries

c)

Neighborhood garage sale

20.

Refers to the

physical objects and artifacts

created by humans.

a)

Material Culture

b)

Culture Lag

c)

Non-material Culture

d)

Cultural Studies

21.

It refers to the delay in cultural adjustments to changing social conditions.

a)

Culture Shock

b)

Culture Lag

c)

Material Culture

d)

Non-material Culture

22.

People's traditions, their customs, and their values are a part of their

a)

culture

b)

economy

c)

politics

d)

environment

23.

Which social unit plays a key role in instilling cultural values and norms?

a)

the government

b)

the media

c)

the family

d)

the schools

24.

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis implies that _________.

a)

our language influences our thoughts and worldview

b)

language is a mere reflection of our thoughts

c)

animals can develop complex languages

d)

some cultures do not use spoken language

25.

Norms are rules or expectations that are socially enforced.

a)

True

b)

False

26.

Cultures are composed of shared behaviors and beliefs that are learned.

a)

true

b)

false

27.

What does the sociological term 'socialization' refer to?

a)

the process by which individuals learn and adopt the norms, values, and behaviors appropriate to their society

b)

the distinction between different personality types

c)

the way people behave in social gatherings

d)

an individual's emotional state in a group setting

28.

What occurs in Lawrence Kohlberg’s conventional level?

a)
  1. Morality is developed by pain and pleasure.

b)
  1. Children begin to consider what society considers moral and immoral.

c)
  1. Parental beliefs have no influence on children’s morality.

d)
  1. Children develop the ability to have abstract thoughts.

29.

From a sociological perspective, which factor does not greatly influence a person’s socialization?

a)
  1. Race

b)
  1. Blood type

c)
  1. Class

d)
  1. Gender

30.

Chris Langan’s story illustrates that:

a)
  1. neither socialization nor intelligence affects college admissions.

b)
  1. socialization can be more important than intelligence.

c)
  1. intelligence is more important than socialization.

d)
  1. children raised in one-parent households tend to have higher IQs.

31.

Why are wealthy parents more likely than poor parents to socialize their children toward creativity and problem-solving?

a)
  1. Wealthy parents are not concerned about their children rebelling against their rules.

b)
  1. Wealthy parents are socializing their children toward the skills of white-collar employment.

c)
  1. Wealthy parents never engage in repetitive tasks.

d)
  1. Wealthy parents are more concerned with money than with a good education.

32.

How do schools prepare children to one day enter the workforce?

a)

By socializing them in teamwork

b)

With a standardized curriculum

c)

Through the hidden curriculum

d)

All of the above

33.

Which of the following is typically the earliest agent of socialization?

a)
  1. Workplace

b)
  1. Mass media

c)
  1. School

d)
  1. Family

34.

The process that teaches the norms, values, and other aspects of a culture to new group members.

a)

Internalization

b)

Socialization

c)

Primary Socialization

d)

Secondary Socialization

35.
Society shaping us into who we are is an example of?
a)
Nature
b)
Nurture
36.
Our biological makeup determining who we are is an example of?
a)
Nature
b)
Nurture
37.

Who is known for the theory of the looking-glass self?

a)

Sigmund Freud

b)

B.F. Skinner

c)

Charles Cooley

d)

Jean Piaget

38.

Our self-identity is influenced by our interpretation of others' perceptions of us

a)

Instinct

b)

Personality

c)

Looking Glass Self

d)

Sociobiology

39.
Which of the following is an example of a peer group?
a)
students and teachers
b)
children and parents
c)
classmates and friends
d)
players and coaches
40.

As children get older, which agent of socialization tends to replace parents as their most intense and immediate influence?

a)

peers

b)

the media

c)

schools

d)

religion

41.

Environment, upbringing, social influence

a)

Nature

b)

Nurture

42.

If a child develops good football skills because she plays football every day with her dad, it would be

a)

Nature

b)

Nurture

43.

In twin studies, researchers are interested in ______________.

a)

the differences between identical twins raised in different environments.

b)

how being a twin influences cognitive development and personality traits.

c)

the similarities between fraternal twins because they share some genetic material.

d)

the frequency of twin births in various populations.

44.

What is the passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next?

a)

Genetics

b)

DNA

c)

Heredity

d)

Nucleus

45.

Complete the analogy:

nature is to hereditary factors;

nurture is to ____________

a)

human development

b)

genetics

c)

personal traits

d)

environmental variables

46.

Which of the following is an example of a formal social control?

a)

Peer pressure

b)

Family expectations

c)

Legal sanctions

d)

Community norms

47.

Which of the following is an example of an agent of socialization?

a)

Books

b)

Friends

c)

YouTube

d)

All of the above

48.

Socialization is the lifelong process through which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of their society.

a)

True

b)

False

49.
A break with past experiences and the learning of new values and norms is called
a)
resocialization
b)
role-taking.
c)
instinct.
d)
sociobiology
50.
Inherited genetic characteristics versus environment and social learning is also called
a)
achievement versus failure.
b)
nature versus nurture.
c)
resocialization versus instinct.
d)
looking-glass self versus generalized other.