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Worksheets

Immigration and Industrialization 1880s-1910

Total questions: 90

Worksheet time: 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How did laissez-faire government contribute to the Second Industrial Revolution?

a)

It increased labor costs in the factories and industry.

b)

It decreased crop production by using mechanization.

c)

It left businesses unregulated by the federal government.

d)

It introduced the system of capitalism, private control of business and industry.

2.

Which group of immigrants is described by the following:

Push Factors: severe religious and political persecution in Eastern Europe and Russia

Pull Factors: jobs and economic opportunities, religious freedom to open their synagogues and openly practice their religion

a)

Germans

b)

Irish

c)

Chinese

d)

Jewish Immigrants

3.

“We are going to a great country,” [I said,] “where a great people will look at us with creative eyes, making the beautiful out of the ugly, the big and generous out of the little and mean, the headstone out of the rock that the builders rejected.” —Stephen Graham, With Poor Immigrants to America

Which statement is best supported by the excerpt?

a)

Immigrants expected to find a better life in the United States.

b)

Immigrants sometimes faced prejudice and discrimination in the United States.

c)

Immigrants came to the United States to escape poverty, religious persecution, and political unrest.

d)

Immigrants who came to the United States in the late 1800s and early 1900s were often poor with limited skills

4.

What law limited Chinese immigration as a result of the competition between American and Chinese workers for jobs?

a)

The Asian Immigration Agreement of 1882

b)

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

c)

The Asian American Workforce Act 1882

5.

What is the pull factor that contributed to urbanization?

a)

economic opportunities in factories

b)

more land for farming

c)

religious persecution

d)

political unrest

6.

What was one consequence (result) of the data shown in the chart?

a)

growth in the number of skilled workers in the United States

b)

persistence of nativism and anti-immigrant prejudice and violence

c)

legal segregation of cities according to people’s ethnic and religious affiliations

d)

increase in the number and type of social services provided by the government

7.

The group that actively campaigned against immigrant workers because they feared the competition for jobs were known as ___.

a)

Americanists

b)

Opportunists

c)

Industrialists

d)

Nativists

8.

Which group of immigrants is described by the following:

Push Factors: poor farming conditions, political unrest in their home country

Pull Factors: jobs and economic opportunities as unskilled labor in the mines and railroads

Characteristics: hardworking, heavily discriminated against- laws banning their immigration and citizenship were passed, denied citizenship

a)

Germans

b)

Irish

c)

Chinese

d)

Jewish Immigrants

9.

Which group of immigrants is described by the following:

Push Factors: failed democratic revolution

Pull Factors: jobs and economic opportunities as skilled craftsmen, doctors, lawyers, factory supervisors

Characteristics: educated, came to the USA with money to buy farms in the Midwest or start businesses. Started the idea of Kindergarten in the USA.

a)

Germans

b)

Irish

c)

Chinese

d)

Jewish Immigrants

10.

TRUE OR FALSE: Urbanization IMPROVED the quality of life in cities.

a)

True- with more people came more opportunities.

b)

False-it worsened the quality of life because it contributed to sanitation issues, overcrowding and pollution.

c)

Neither of these- Urbanization has to do with machines and factory work.

11.

What technology made the building of skyscrapers possible?

a)

Oil and Gas industry expands, creating new wealth.

b)

Transportation technology expands, so more raw materials end up in the cities for building.

c)

Steel is developed for construction.

d)

Electrically operated elevators.

12.

How did America's economy change from before the Civil War to the 1910s?

a)

The USA became the world's largest exporter of farm products.

b)

The USA went from largely agricultural to largely industrial and produced 1/3 of the world's goods.

c)

The USA went from largely agricultural to both industrial and agricultural.

13.

Which group of immigrants is described by the following:

Push Factors: potato blight, widespread malnutrition and famine, collapse of farming, religious persecution, extreme poverty

Pull Factors: jobs and economic opportunities in factories or other unskilled work, religious freedom

Characteristics: poor, uneducated, few skills, willing to work hard, discriminated against for getting jobs.

a)

Germans

b)

Irish

c)

Chinese

d)

Jewish Immigrants

14.

Describe the differences between Angel Island and Ellis Island for the immigrants.

a)

Angel Island was primarily for Asian immigrants, while Ellis Island was for European immigrants.

b)

Ellis Island was located on the West Coast, while Angel Island was on the East Coast.

c)

Both islands processed immigrants from the same regions.

d)

Angel Island was known for its quick processing times, unlike Ellis Island.

e)

Ellis Island processed people quickly, while Angel Island made it difficult and lengthy, for people to be processed.

15.

How comfortable are you with sorting the statements in the image into the appropriate categories?

**you should probably look it over really well

a)

These statements are all in the correct categories

b)

The Effects are all correct but some of the Causes are wrong

c)

The Causes are all correct but some of the Effects are wrong

d)

Both the Causes and Effects are scrambled

16.

What were the challenges of living in these types of buildings?

a)

They were expensive to build.

b)

They lacked sufficient plumbing.

c)

They were overcrowded and poorly built.

d)

They were made of bricks.

e)

They had little fresh air or sunlight.

17.

Which of the following ARE correct/true about the immigrant experience in the Gilded Age?

a)

Immigrants frequently had to settle in tenement housing because they were poor.

b)

Immigrants were offered land and jobs in order to get them to move to states with low populations.

c)

Immigrants were paid less than other workers and frequently did the worse jobs.

d)

Settlement houses assisted immigrants with assimilation through language and culture classes.

e)

Immigrants experienced discrimination and sometimes violence when they competed for jobs.

18.

Explain ways in which immigrants tried to navigate their new society, assimilate and make connections.

a)

They sent their children to public schools.

b)

They moved into ethnic neighborhoods that offered stores and religious services from their homelands.

c)

They attended nativist meetings to learn about American culture.

d)

They took classes at Ellis Island to learn to assimilate into American society.

19.

How did the changes shown in the maps contribute to industrialization?

a)

They made transportation faster.

b)

They created new markets across the country.

c)

They encouraged local lines.

d)

They opened new markets for the transfer of goods and new settlement.

e)

They were major consumers of lumber, steel and coal.

20.

How did the mechanization of farming impact urbanization in the Gilded Age?

a)

Now that machines were doing a lot of the farm work, you didn't need many farm workers anymore.

b)

More people moved from the country to the city to find new jobs.

c)

More food was available and we began exporting grain all over the world.

d)

Increased agricultural production leads to environmental issues like soil erosion and dust storms.

e)

Only exporting grain and workers moving to the city were affected by this.

21.

How did mass production and industrialization change life for urban dwellers?

a)

It resulted in fewer jobs for people and greater costs.

b)

It resulted in greater availability of ready-made clothing and home supplies for people.

c)

It resulted in increased jobs for immigrants and city workers.

d)

It resulted in New York being the 'hub' of exporting goods to the rest of the world.

e)

It resulted in improved transportation and electricity for urban dwellers.

22.

True or False?

MECHANIZATION led to the widespread adoption of ASSEMBLY LINES in factories.

a)

True

b)

False

23.

True or False?

The SECOND Industrial Revolution was an ECONOMIC revolution that included the growth of AGRICULTURE, FACTORIES, MILLS AND MINING.

a)

True

b)

False, it was not growth of Agriculture

24.

True or False?

The expansion of RAILROADS across the country led to new markets, speedy transportation and the DESTRUCTION OF THE NATIVE AMERICAN WAY OF LIFE THROUGH DESTRUCTION OF THE BUFFALO.

a)

True

b)

False

25.

True or False?

LAISSEZ-FAIRE government allowed businesses to GROW RAPIDLY, because there were few rules or regulations.

a)

True

b)

False

26.

How did industrialization improve transportation in the US?

a)

Railroads merged and expanded to increase the movement of people and goods all over the country.

b)

New inventions like subways, electrified streetcars and commuter trains popped up in cities.

c)

The invention of the cars allowed people to live in the suburbs and commute into work.

d)

Only railroads and streetcars were improved.

e)

Airplanes were invented and improved the transportation of goods.

27.

Something that would make immigrants want to leave their home country is known as a (a)   factor.

28.

What was the purpose of the Chinese Exclusion Act?

a)

To levy a head tax on Chinese immigrants

b)

To block the entry of Chinese laborers

c)

To enforce immigration law at the state level

d)

To regulate immigration from all countries

29.

The illustration demonstrates the change in American society from -

a)

one with a mostly rural society to an urban society

b)

a nation that relied on enslavement of people

c)

a nation that isolated itself from others to one that intervenes in the affairs of other nations

d)

an oligarchy to a direct democracy

30.
The population shift of rural residents moving to urban areas causing rapid urbanization, was mainly a result of  
a)
the impact of industrialization
b)
federally funded city redevelopment projects
31.
Urbanization
a)
The growth of cities
b)
Tax on imported goods
c)
America's God-given right to expand the US from the Atlantic to the Pacific
32.

Which sentence best completes this diagram?

a)

Cities grew rapidly.

b)

Demand for artisans increased.

c)

Farms experienced a shortage of labor.

d)

Government regulation of factories increased.

33.

How did industrialization help the American economy?

a)

The country had numerous modern factories that could produce desired goods

b)

More markets available tor the to BUY goods

c)

Cash Crops become highly sought after World War 1

d)

More markets available for them to SELL goods

34.

Which Amendment was successfully used to guarantee the children of immigrants citizenship if they were born on US soil?

a)

13th Amendment

b)
19th Amendment
c)

15th Amendment

d)
14th Amendment
35.

True or False?

The introduction of assembly lines in factories increased the efficiency of mass production during industrialization.

a)

False

b)

True

36.
War, poverty, and discrimination are all examples of.......
a)
Pull Factors
b)
Push Factors
c)
Jump Factors
d)
Falling Factors
37.
Economic opportunities, religious freedom, and political and social equality are all examples of...
a)
Push Factors
b)
Pull Factors
c)
Falling Factors
d)
Jump Factors
38.
 Which factor contributed to the shifting of population from rural to urban areas from 1870-1900?
a)
Not enough families took advantage of the Homestead Act
b)
Great Plains Indians left their reservations to buy new farmland
c)
Houses in cities were less expensive than those in the counttryside
d)
 Better jobs in industry attracted farmers and laborers to cities
39.

Americans who opposed increased immigration to the US were called

a)

imperialists

b)

industrialists

c)

old immigrants

d)

nativists

40.

Which of the following best describes Industrial Revolution?

a)

A change from products made by hand to products made by machines in factories

b)

An industry of revolving around the country

c)

People moving from all around the world to look for gold in California

d)

a place in which everything is perfect

41.

What was a consequence of the Industrial Revolution?

a)

More people moved to the cities to work in factories

b)

More people became farmers

c)

Immigrants were treated equally because there was a work shortage

d)

There were less slaves because plantations weren't profitable anymore

42.
Which statement about nativism is most accurate?
a)
Nativists wanted to bring about an end to slavery
b)
Nativists were opposed to immigration
c)
Nativists were laborers who favored unlimited immigration
d)
Nativists encouraged immigrants to settle in California
43.

How did mass production help people's everyday lives?

a)

Made it easier to own companies & build corporations

b)

It organized labor in the factories

c)

Made products cheaper & more available

d)

Made communication easier

44.
The movement of people from rural areas to cities is called
a)
reconstruction
b)
nativism
c)
urbanization
d)
mercantilism
45.
The method of melting iron & blowing air to remove impurities, creating steel, is called the 
a)
Kelly Process
b)
Carnegie Steel Method
c)
Bessemer Process
d)
Steel Folding Process
46.

Angel Island was:

a)

the immigration processing center on the West Coast

b)

the immigration processing center on the East Coast

c)

Where prisoners of war were sent on the West Coast

d)

Where prisoners of war were sent on the East Coast

47.

Laissez-Faire is when

a)

the government is highly involved in businesses

b)

the government is not involved in businesses

c)

Lazy people go to the fair

d)

Government makes all business decisions

48.
What were some problems that the people in factories encountered?
a)
long hours, good pay
b)
Low wages, long hours, dangerous
c)
dangerous, long hours, good pay
d)
low wages, good hours. dangerous
49.

Bessemer Steel Process

a)

increased shipping

b)

improved steel production

c)

removed seeds from cotton efficiently

d)

connected the North with the West

50.
Immigration push factors are…
a)
reasons people come to a new place
b)
reasons people leave their homelands
c)
reasons people begin working
d)
reasons people stop working
51.
Which of the following was responsible for the increased production of steel from iron?
a)
Lowell system
b)
Bessemer process
c)
steam engine
d)
Steel Gin
52.
Why was steel so important? What was it used for?
a)
Used to make artillery and weapons
b)
Cheap to import from China
c)
It came from Minnesota
d)
Strong. Used for bridges, railways, nails, & skyscrapers 
53.
What is a tenement?
a)
A new form of transportation
b)
Poorly built, overcrowded apartment buildings
c)
The end of immigration
d)
A revolutionary war in Africa
54.

What is a metaphor for the mixture of people of different cultures and races together into Americans?

a)

Mixing Bowl

b)

Angel Food Cake

c)

Fish Tank

d)

Melting Pot

55.
What is a main reason immigrants came to the US in the late 1800s and early 1900s?
a)
Did NOT want religious freedom
b)
Hoped for economic opportunity (to make money)
c)
Wanted LESS diversity
d)
Wanted to live more simply
56.
 Immigration  pull factors are…
a)
reasons people come to a new place
b)
reasons people leave their homelands
c)
reasons people begin working
d)
reasons people stop working
57.

Who invented the 1st practical light bulb?

a)

George Washington Carver

b)

Henry Ford

c)

Thomas Edison

d)

Eli Whitney

58.

What term describes crowded, usually run-down buildings with many cheap, small apartments?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Nativism

c)

Refugees

d)

Tenements

59.

What is the process through which individuals and groups of differing heritages acquire the basic habits, attitudes, and mode of life of an embracing culture?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Nativism

c)

Refugees

d)

Tenements

60.

There are places in cities where people from the same countries or ethnic groups lived; examples are Chinatown and Little Italy in New York City

a)

cities

b)

immigrant neighborhoods

c)

areas

d)

reservations

61.

 The idea that immigration to America should be limited or stopped completely is called -

a)

capitalism

b)

patriotism

c)

nativism

d)

Americanism

62.
A major cause of antagonism toward the “new immigrants” who came to the United States after 1880 was the belief that they...
a)
were better educated than native-born Americans
b)
had a higher standard of living than most Americans
c)
adapted easily to American culture
d)
competed with Americans for jobs as unskilled laborers
63.
Why did so many Jews leave Russia in the 1880s?
a)
War in Russia
b)
Religious Persecution and Pogroms
c)
Mechanization took their jobs.
d)
Overpopulation
64.

Between 1890 and 1915 the "new immigrants" were hightly discriminated against because

a)
Americans believed that immigrants were transient and would hurt the communities when they moved on again.
b)
The United States had tense relations with many of the nations from which the immigrants came.
c)
Heavy immigration caused overcrowding in rural areas and a rise in the price of cropland.
d)

Americans feared that these immigrants would refuse to assimilate into American culture.

65.
Why did immigrants often live in neighborhoods with others from their homelands?
a)
It was illegal to live anywhere else
b)
They didn't want to be in the US
c)
It made their adjustment to their new life easier
d)
No other housing was avaliable
66.
What challenges did immigrants face in the US?
a)
They caught diseases
b)
Had trouble learning the language/faced prejudice
c)
Uncomfortable in the large homes in the US
d)
Difficult to study for the citizenship test
67.

The industrial workforce was made up of mostly

a)

men

b)

women

c)

children

d)

all of the above

68.

Which institutions helped immigrant children learn to be more like native-born Americans?

a)

neighborhood churches

b)

foreign language newspapers

c)

public schools

d)

political machines

69.

What is the rapid growth of cities called?

a)
Moving
b)
colonization
c)
inflation
d)
urbanization
70.

Inventions helped fuel industrialization because...

a)

More jobs were available for inventors and also for processing patents

b)

Innovations led to better technology in order to produce goods faster and cheaper

c)

Factories were able reduce the emissions from pollution

d)

Inventors served as advisors to the industrial capitalists

71.

What kinds of jobs did MOST new immigrants perform in the 1880s-1910s?

a)

unskilled jobs for low pay

b)

servants,

street sweepers,

hauling trash,

selling food from carts

c)

factory work,

mining,

steel mill work,

textile mill work

d)

university professors,

teachers,

owned industries

72.
Eli Whitney's invention that made mass production possible for numerous goods to be sold was known as..
a)
Steam Engine
b)
Cotton Mill
c)
Interchangeable parts 
d)
Mechanical reaper
73.
Wich Invention allowed farmers to harvest as much wheat in one day as they could in two weeks?
a)
Steam Engine
b)
Cotton Mills
c)
Interchangrable parts
d)
Mechanical Reaper
74.
Impact on life in the U.S.It allowed parts to be exchanged or repaired.
a)
Interchangeable Parts
b)
Telegraph
c)
Steel Plow
d)
Railroad
75.

Invented the telephone

a)

Elisha Otis

b)

Alexander Graham Bell

c)

Henry Ford

d)

George Eastman

76.

developed a safety elevator that would not fall if the lifting rope broke

a)

Elisha Otis

b)

Wright Brothers

c)

Henry Ford

d)

George Eastman

77.

when people from other cultures assimilate to the point where their original identities and culture disappear- they become a uniform culture

a)

New Immigrants

b)

Old Immigrants

c)

Melting Pot

d)

Nativism

78.

Which invention made the transmission of news and other almost instant?

a)

railroads

b)

the telegraph

c)

the cotton gin

d)

the steamboat

79.

Which of the following made home life easier in the 1800s? (Pick 3)

a)

Ice Box

b)

Sewing Machine

c)

Internet

d)

Matches

80.

What two farm machines were developed by John Deere and Cyrus McCormick?

a)

Steel Plow

b)

Automatic Corn Husker

c)

Soil Disker

d)

Mechanical Reaper

81.

What was the first communication device called?

a)

Rotary Phone

b)

Telegraph

c)

Pay Phone

d)

Carrier Pigeon

82.

The _______________ was one invention that improved daily life at home.

a)

steel plow

b)

water frame

c)

sewing machine

d)

mechanical reaper

83.

Which of the following explains a continuity in the effect of technological innovation on the production of goods in the late 1800s?

a)

Improved manufacturing practices gradually reduced reliance on immigrant workers.

b)

Improved quality of manufacturing steadily decreased demand for consumer goods.

c)

New types of transportation increasingly shifted industrial centers from the North to the South.

d)

New industrial machines increased the number of goods that factories could make.

84.

Which of the following best explains a key reason for rapid economic development during the Gilded Age?

a)

The adoption of beliefs of Social Darwinism helped justify inequalities of wealth.

b)

The creation of the sharecropping system improved agricultural production.

c)

The consolidation of large industries facilitated mass production.

d)

The growth of Populist political platforms encouraged economic reform.

85.

What invention by Alexander Graham Bell furthered the improvements in communication and connectivity?

a)

Telephone

b)

Telegraph

c)

Television

d)

Radio

86.

Why did factory owners employ children during the Industrial Revolution?

a)

Children were paid less

b)

Children were more skilled

c)

Children demanded better conditions

d)

Children worked fewer hours

87.

The development of the Bessemer process helped the city of _____ to become the center of the steel industry.

a)

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

b)

Cleveland, Ohio

c)

Detroit, Michigan

d)

Omaha, Nebraska

88.

The migration of African Americans from jobs as sharecroppers in the agricultural south to factory work in the industrial north is called....

a)

super motivation

b)

the Great Immigration

c)

the Great Migration

d)

this didn't happen

89.

______ is when immigrants get established in a new place and write home to tell their family and friends to come join them in their new communities (Little Italy, Chinatown).

a)

The Great Migration

b)

Secondary Immigration

c)

Ellis Island Migration

d)

Nativism

90.

Telegraph lines were replaced by ____________ during the 1890s for communication.

a)

the radio

b)

the telephone

c)

the cell phone

d)

television