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WorksheetsFluid and Electrolytes Pre-Quiz
Total questions: 16
Worksheet time: 32mins
The nurse points out that nonelectrolyte products of metabolism are as important to health as electrolytes. Nonelectrolytes include:
magnesium.
amino acids.
calcium.
phosphates.
The nurse is aware that small ions such as glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide redistribute themselves through semipermeable membranes by a process called:
diffusion.
osmosis.
blood pressure.
rehydration.
A patient with healthy kidneys experiences metabolic alkalosis resulting from episodes of vomiting. The nurse takes into consideration that the kidneys can clear the alkaline substances and fully stabilize the patient's pH in approximately:
3 to 5 minutes.
12 to 24 hours.
3 days.
1 week.
A patient with a history of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is most likely to have:
respiratory alkalosis.
respiratory acidosis.
metabolic alkalosis.
metabolic acidosis.
A patient who is experiencing severe diarrhea is losing excessive bicarbonate ions. This patient is at risk for developing:
respiratory alkalosis.
respiratory acidosis.
metabolic alkalosis.
metabolic acidosis.
An anxious adult patient is experiencing a respiratory rate of 40 breaths/minute. The most appropriate intervention that the nurse could do is to instruct the patient to:
sit up.
lie down.
breathe through a re-breather mask.
pant with mouth open.
For the accurate measurement to detect fluid retention, the nurse instructs the nursing assistants to measure the weight with the same scale:
each morning before breakfast after the patient has voided.
each day at noon before lunch, dressed in light clothing.
in between meals, dressed in light clothing after voiding.
just before bedtime, while the patient is in a hospital gown or pajamas.
A patient with heart failure has gained 1.1 pounds over the last 24 hours. The nurse is aware that this weight gain represents a fluid retention of:
0.25 Liters.
0.5 Liters.
1 Liter.
2 Liters.
The nurse is comparing sitting and standing vital signs for a patient who has been diagnosed with dehydration. The pulse rate has increased by 10 beats/minute at one minute. The nurse then anticipates the blood pressure to show a(n):
increase of 5 mm Hg.
drop of 40 mm Hg.
drop of 20 mm Hg.
increase of 10 mm Hg.
At the beginning of the shift, a patient's IV bag has 960 mL remaining. The IV fluid is running at 75 mL/hr. In 8 hours, there should be how many milliliters remaining in the IV bag?
150
360
450
600
The primary care provider orders fluid restriction for a patient with severe fluid volume excess. When a patient is placed on a fluid restriction, the allowance of fluids should be:
greatest during the day shift.
greatest during the evening shift.
greatest during the night shift.
spaced in equal increments for all shifts.
The patient who is prescribed a diuretic for fluid volume excess is discharged home. The patient verbalizes understanding of his disease process when he says:
"I can put catsup on my scrambled eggs."
"I can snack on salted popcorn."
"I will snack on raisins."
"I will avoid apricots."
The nurse is caring for a frail 92-year-old dehydrated patient should add to the plan of care:
potential for over-hydration related to excessive thirst.
potential for diarrhea related to dehydration.
potential for pulmonary congestion related to excessive fluid intake.
potential for fall related to confusion.
The nurse clarifies that the electrolytes include:
(Select all that apply)
sodium.
fatty acids.
potassium.
magnesium.
glucose.
Based on the information provided, which of these measurements should be recorded on the output sheet?
(Select all that apply)
250 mL nasogastric secretions
200 mL diarrhea stool
900 mL IV therapy
650 mL urine from Foley catheter
240 mL milk
The nurse assessing a newly admitted patient with marked edema from severe heart failure would anticipate that the patient would exhibit:
(Select all that apply)
a thready pulse.
hypertension.
weight gain.
concentrated urine.
crackles heard on auscultation.
