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Chapter 3 Environmental Systems: Matter, Energy, and Life

Total questions: 30

Worksheet time: 18mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

In general, what types of substances tend to be acidic?

a)

coffee

b)

soda pop

c)

drain cleaner

d)

vinegar

e)

soap

2.

What types of substances tend to be alkaline or basic?

a)

lemon juice

b)

hand soap

c)

soda pop

d)

oven cleaner

e)

ammonia

3.

A pH of less than 7 indicates that the liquid is

a)

acidic

b)

a base

c)

alkaline

d)

neutral

4.

A pH of g4reater than 7 indicates a liquid is

a)

acidic

b)

alkaline (basic)

c)

neutral

d)

water

5.

A pH of 7 indicates that a liquid is

a)

acidic

b)

alkaline (basic)

c)

neutral

6.

Rainfall generally has a pH value between 5 and 6.5. It is acidic because of dissolved carbon dioxide and air pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides. Heavy rains can change the pH of streams and rivers by

a)

lowering the pH and making the water more acidic

b)

raising the pH and making the water more alkaline (basic)

c)

having no affect on pH

7.

If rain water flows over soil containing hard-water minerals, such as limestone, the pH of the water will _____________________ producing pH values between 7 and 8.5.

a)

increase

b)

decrease

c)

remain neutral

8.

The optimal pH level for fish and aquatic insects is between

a)

6.5 and 8.2

b)

4.5 and 5.0

c)

9.0 and 10.5

d)

11.0 and 11.5

9.

Which foods contain high levels of starch?

a)

potato

b)

apples

c)

tuna

d)

bread

e)

milk

10.

Which foods are good sources of protein?

a)

tuna

b)

milk

c)

apples

d)

potatoes

e)

beans

11.

Which foods are good sources of fats?

a)

tuna

b)

apples

c)

milk

d)

potato

e)

walnut

12.

Which foods are a good source of sugar?

a)

tuna

b)

bread

c)

apples

d)

walnuts

e)

milk

13.

Which two macronutrients are carbohydrates?

a)

sugar

b)

protein

c)

fats

d)

starch

14.

Assume that a barn owl forms one pellet each day and that your pellet represents an average of how much a barn owl eats each night. If an owl pellet contains 3 rodent skulls, how many animals would an owl eat in a week?

a)

3

b)

7

c)

21

d)

42

15.

Many farmers like to have owls living on their farms. Why?

a)

They reduce the rodent population on the farm.

b)

They are nice to look at.

c)

They keep the mosquito population down.

d)

They keep away hawks.

16.

Like all birds of prey, owls are ___________________—they eat other

animals.

a)

carnivores

b)

herbivores

c)

producers

d)

omnivores

17.

A _______________________ is a visual model that depicts how energy flows through organisms

in an ecosystem.

a)

food chain

b)

molecule

c)

feedback loop

d)

open system

18.

An ecosystem includes multiple food chains linked into a ______________ that includes several consumers(herbivores, carnivores, omnivores), producers (plants and other photosynthetic organisms), and decomposers (fungi, bacteria, and detritivores).

a)

open system

b)

food web

c)

throughput

d)

feedback loop

19.

What is the source of the energy that goes into a food chain?

a)

the sun

b)

water

c)

soil nutrients

d)

carbohydrates

20.

What can you learn about owls by dissecting owl pellets?

a)

How owls maintain a well balanced diet

b)

the small animals that live in an ecosystem

c)

the animals they prefer to eat

d)

the number of owls living in an area

21.

The flow of energy and matter into, through, and out of a system is called

a)

throughput

b)

equilibrium

c)

positive feedback

d)

negative feedback

22.

In a ecosystem, abundant plants produce abundant rabbits. This is an example of

a)

a positive feedback loop

b)

a negative feedback loop

c)

a food web

d)

equilibrium

23.

In a ecosystem, abundant rabbits produce few plants. This is an example of

a)

positive feedback loop

b)

negative feedback loop

c)

equilibrium

d)

food web

24.

Green plants are often called ________________ because they create carbohydrates and other compounds using sunlight,

a)

primary producers

b)

primary consumers

c)

secondary consumers

d)

tertiary consumers

25.

Organism that gain their energy from the inorganic compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide, through the process of

a)

photosynthesis

b)

chemosynthesis

c)

cellular respiration

d)

decomposition

26.

Energy from the sun is converted by green plants into carbohydrates by a process called

a)

photosynthesis

b)

chemosynthesis

c)

cellular respiration

d)

decomposition

27.

Energy captured and stored in carbohydrates is released by the breaking of chemical bonds in a process called

a)

photosynthesis

b)

chemosynthesis

c)

cellular respiration

d)

decomposition

28.

Ninety percent of the energy from each trophic level is lost in the form of ______ as you move to the next level.

a)

water

b)

food

c)

heat

d)

eagles

29.

The damage to an ecosystem caused by a hurricane or flood can be referred to as

a)

an open system.

b)

an emergent property.

c)

equilibrium in nature.

d)

a disturbance.

30.
Question Image

Match each word with its definition.

a)

plant eaters

1.

herbivores

b)

flesh eaters

2.

carnivores

c)

eat both plants and animals

3.

omnivores

d)

eat dead carcasses of animals

4.

scavengers

e)

consume debris, litter, and dung

5.

detritivores