Give the two types of Nervous system

(a)  

2 types of peripheral nervous system

(a)  

Two types of Efferent

(a)  

-refers to inward motion (entering)

1. Sensory neurons

(a)  

-refers to outward motion (exit)

(a)  

(voluntary movement with motor control) (conscious)

(a)  

(non-voluntary movement that is continuously working) (automatic)

(a)  

Two types of Autonomic

(a)  

Two divisions under PNS

(a)  

two types under sensory division

(a)  

General: Touch, pain, pressure, vibration, temperature, and proprioception in skin, body wall, and limbs

Special: Hearing. equilibrium, vision

(a)  

General: Stretch, pain, temperature, chemical changes, and irritation in viscera; nausea and hunger

Special: Taste, smell

(a)  

Motor innervation of all skeletal muscles

(a)  

Motor innervation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

(a)  

Mobilizes bodily resources in response to threat by speeding up heart rate and respiration and drawing stored energy from bodily reserves

-Fights or Flight

(a)  

Replenishes bodily resources by promoting digestion and slowing down other bodily processes

-Rest and Digest

(a)  

-The cells of the nervous system are called

(a)  

Neuroglial Cells AKA

(a)  

-nerve cells that has nothing to do with the passing of information, serves as maintenance and support system of the nervous system

(a)  

-support, connection, known as the blood-brain barrier cells

-they surround the blood vessels of the brain and serves as guard for infection that goes through circulation

(a)  

Astrocytes AKA

(a)  

support, myelin sheath formation in the Central Nervous System

(a)  

phagocytosis (immune cells that are exclusive in the nervous system)

(a)  

line the ventricles of the brain

Ventricles – creates the cerebrospinal fluid

(a)  

myelin sheaths in the Peripheral Nervous System

(a)  

Give all the cells in glial cells

(a)  

nucleus and metabolic center of the cell

(a)  

receptive areas

(a)  

extension of cell body

(a)  

gaps in myelin sheath along the axon

(a)  

several dendrites coming off cell body

▪ found in the Brain and Spinal Cord

(a)  

• one dendrite and one axon

▪ Special Sense Organs (eyes, ears, nose)

(a)  

one process extending from cell body

▪ Most sensory neurons

(a)  

first to detect environmental stimuli

(a)  

receive impulse from receptor site (unipolar)

(a)  

transmit impulse for interpretation and processing

(multipolar)

(a)  

reaction to the stimulus (multipolar)

(a)  

Give the classifications of neurons

(a)  

• The pathway that results in a reflex.

• Simplest pathway able to receive a stimulus, enter the

CNS(only in the spinal cord) for immediate interpretation, and produce a response.

• Involuntary reaction to external stimulus

(a)  

▪ Groups of myelinated axons

▪ Forms nerve tracts in CNS

(a)  

Nerve cell bodies and dendrites

▪ Unmyelinated axon bundles

(a)  

gray matter on surface of brain

(a)  

bundle of fibers outside CNS

(a)  

nerve cell bodies outside CNS

(a)  

bundle of fibers inside CNS

(a)  

: nerve cell bodies and dendrites inside CNS

(a)  

areas of gray matter in spinal cord

(a)  

is vital to the overall function of the nervous system because it is the major communication link between the brain and the PNS through the spinal nerves.

(a)  

The spinal cord is the Continuation of the

(a)  

-- segments each with a pair of spinal nerves

(a)  

protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord

(a)  

3 Layers of Meninges

(a)  

• root: sensory neurons

• root: motor neurons

(a)  

Identify the nerves and no.

: 8 pairs

: 12 pairs

: 5 pairs

: 5 pairs

: 1 pair

(a)  

controls breathing, heartbeat rates and reactions

to auditory and visual stimuli

in the brain

(a)  

: controls homeostasis

(a)  

controls intellectual processes and emotions

(a)  

: maintains body posture and balance

(a)  

The Principal Parts of the Brain

Protection

•

•

•

Ventricles

•

(a)  

grooves and upwards fold

(a)  

The brainstem consists of the medulla oblongata, the pons

varolii, and the midbrain. It connects the brain to the spinal cord. It is a very delicate area of the brain because damage to even small areas could result in death.

(a)  

The brainstem consists of the . It connects the brain to the spinal cord. It is a very delicate area of the brain because damage to even small areas could result in death.

(a)  

controls consciousness and arousal in the medulla

(a)  

Ascending and descending tracts

▪ Connect spinal cord with the brain

▪ Some tracts cross over in medulla

▪ Reticular formation: controls consciousness and arousal

▪ Reflex centers

(a)  

▪ Connects spinal cord with brain

▪ Connects parts of brain with each other

▪ Helps control breathing

(a)  

MIDBRAIN AKA

(a)  

convey impulses from cortex to pons and spinal cord

midbrain

(a)  

-Reflex center

-Controls movement of head and eyeball (visual stimuli)

-Controls movement of head and trunk (auditory stimuli)

midbrain

(a)  

Parts of Diecephalon

(a)  

Part of the diecephalon

▪ Relay station for sensory impulses

▪ Interpretation center for pain, temperature, and touch

(a)  

▪ Contains pineal gland (releases melatonin)

(a)  

part of diecephalon

▪ Controls and integrates autonomic nervous system

▪ Receives sensory impulses from internal organs

▪ Controls pituitary gland and links endocrine and nervous systems

(a)  

separates two hemispheres

(a)  

: bridge connecting two hemispheres

(a)  

Surface of the cortex

control muscular movements

interpret sensory impulses

process emotions and intellect

(a)  

1. Lobes of Cerebral hemispheres

2. 1.muscle movement, moods, aggression, smell,

motivation

2.touch, pain, balance, taste, temperature

3.hearing, smell, memory, abstract thought,

judgment

4.vision

The is the second largest portion of the brain.

(a)  

Two partially separated hemispheres connected by

(a)  

Sympathetic Neurotransmitters: acetylcholine and norepinephrine

(a)  

eyes contain Contain this enzyme

(a)  

vibrates in response to sound in the ears

(a)  

equalizes pressure in the ear

(a)