• less thermal energy and higher temperatures than slow-moving particles.

• Less thermal energy and lower temperatures than slow-moving particles.

• more thermal energy and lower temperatures than slow-moving particles.

• more thermal energy and higher temperatures than slow-moving particles.

• The temperature of the objects will continue to rise.

• The temperature of the objects will stay the same.

• The temperature of the objects will continue to cool.

• The temperature of one object will cool, while the other will rise.

• evaporation

• heat

• motion

• temperature

• The liquid begins to cool.

• The liquid begins to condense.

• The liquid begins to evaporate.

• The liquid begins to sublimate

• The liquid substance boils.

• The liquid substance expands.

The liquid substance sublimates.

• The liquid substance condenses.

Particles of matter remain stationary and do not interact.

Particles of matter move slowly and rarely collide.

Particles of matter condense and form solid structures.

Particles of matter move rapidly and collide frequently.

D: a bottle full of hot water

A: a cup full of boiling water

B: a bucket full of ice water

C: a pond full of warm water

The speed of molecules in the cup is slower, and there are more total molecules.

The speed of molecules in the cup is faster, and there is the same number of total molecules.

The speed of molecules in the cup is faster, but there are fewer total molecules.

The speed of molecules in the cup is slower, but there are fewer total molecules.

The kinetic energy of particles increases.

The kinetic energy of particles remains constant.

The kinetic energy of particles fluctuates randomly.

The kinetic energy of particles decreases.

Thermal energy has no effect on the state of matter.

Thermal energy only influences the color of substances.

The state of matter is determined solely by pressure, not thermal energy.

Thermal energy affects the movement of particles, determining the state of matter (solid, liquid, gas).

Solid

Gas

Liquid

Plasma

• molten metal cooling from a liquid into a solid

• water droplets transforming into hail during precipitation

• water vapor transforming into crystals in the atmosphere

• carbon dioxide solid (dry ice) transforming into carbon dioxide gas

• Helium atoms have a very low melting point.

• Helium atoms have a very high boiling point.

• Helium atoms have very strong attractions.

• Helium atoms have very weak attractions.

• attracts

• deposits

• freezes

• contracts

• the source that is being used to heat a substance

• the difference in energy transferred between two substances

• the strength of attraction between particles in a substance

• the number of atoms and molecules in a sample of a substance

• change from a solid to a gas.

• do not enter a liquid state at all.

• do not melt when they gain thermal energy.

• all of the above

• The melting point and boiling point of a substance changes with the surface area of the substance.

• The melting point and boiling point of a substance change with the amount of the substance.

• The attraction between particles in substances varies, so the melting and boiling points vary.

• The attraction between particles and substances changes, so the melting and boiling points change.

• -1,000°C

• 0°C

• 32°C

• 100°C

• The solid begins to boil.

• The solid begins to evaporate.

• The solid begins to melt.

• The solid begins to sublimate.

• move very slowly.

• move very quickly.

• clump together.

• move in circular patterns.