Some people are motivated and some are not.

The definition of motivation has three key elements: effort, direction, and persistence.

In the study of motivation, quality is irrelevant to the energy element.

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, ________ needs form the lowest or foundational step in the hierarchy.

Matthew is worried that he will not be able to pay his mortgage and feed his family since he was laid off from his production job. Which one of Maslow's levels of need is a concern to Matthew?

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when an employer provides his employees health insurance, he is taking care of their ________ needs.

In the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when a company has a space where employees can meet during breaks and catch up with each other, the company is taking care of the employees' ________ needs.

In the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when a company names an 'Employee of the Month' and 'Employee of the Quarter,' the company is addressing employees' ________ needs.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, a person's needs for self-respect, autonomy, achievement, status, recognition, and attention constitute his ________ needs.

Marlin, a physicist in a large corporation, has been asked by his professional association to present a scientific paper at the national convention. This type of recognition will help Marlin fulfill his ________ needs.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, a person's needs for growth, achieving one's potential, and self-fulfillment constitute his or her ________ needs.

With its motto 'Be All that You Can Be,' the United States Army encouraged recruits to fulfill their ________ needs.

Which one of the following needs is the highest in Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory?

Which one of the following needs is a lower-order need in Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory?

Which one of the following needs is a higher-order need in Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory?

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, ________ needs are predominantly satisfied externally while ________ needs are satisfied internally.

Joe watches his youngest employees like a mother hen to make sure they stay on task and off their cell phones. Joe is behaving like a ________ manager.

McGregor's Theory X assumes that employees ________.

McGregor's Theory Y assumes that employees ________.

Irene, CEO of a small company, strongly believes in Douglas McGregor's assumptions about human nature. Which one of the following management practices is Irene most likely to favor to maximize employee motivation?

John knows his more experienced workers don't need him to 'babysit' them; he trusts them to know what to do, how to do it, and to get it done on time. In this respect, John is a ________ manager.

Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory proposes that ________.

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which one of the following is a hygiene factor?

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which one of the following is a motivator?

Herzberg called the factors that create job dissatisfaction ________ factors; when these factors are adequate, people won't be dissatisfied, but they won't be satisfied either.

Which one of the following is true about Herzberg's two-factor theory?

The employees at KLM Company are complaining that the supervisors tend to pick favorites within their departments. Company policies are not equally enforced and the favorites are not disciplined for safety violations. These employees are complaining about ________.

The three-needs theory of motivation states that there are three ________ needs that are major motivators in work.

Which one of the following are the three needs identified in the three-needs theory of motivation?

According to the three-needs theory, the need for ________ is the drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards.

The need for ________ is similar to Maslow's need for ________.

According to the three-needs theory, the need for ________ is the need to make others behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise.

Tiffany is usually the person who takes charge of the situation and gets people moving toward the group's objective. Tiffany probably has a high need for ________.

According to the three-needs theory, the need for ________ is the desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships.

Bob is a social butterfly. He often leaves his workstation to chat with coworkers. He volunteers for every problem-solving team and enjoys planning the annual summer employee picnic. Bob has a ________.

People with a high need for achievement ________.

You are acting as manager and mentor to Melanie, an employee who has been identified as a high achiever. According to McClelland's three-needs theory, which one of the following measures would most help you motivate Melanie to do her best?

According to the three-needs theory, the best managers tend to be ________.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, once a need is substantially satisfied, that need no longer motivates the individual.

Joseph, a line manager at a production facility, believes that his workers have little drive and will not work unless he pushes them. Therefore, he closely monitors and controls their work and disciplines those who do not meet his standards. Joseph is a Theory Y manager.

Research clearly indicates that the Theory Y manager is more effective in motivating employees than the Theory X manager.

Frederick Herzberg found that when employees were dissatisfied, they tended to cite extrinsic factors arising from the job context such as company policy and administration, supervision, interpersonal relationships, and working conditions.

Despite the quantity of empirical evidence in its support, managers have largely ignored Herzberg's two factor theory when designing jobs.

People with a high need for achievement strive for the trappings and rewards of success rather than for personal accomplishment.

Goal-setting theory says that ________.

The goal-setting theory states that ________.

Goal-setting theory assumes that an individual is committed to the goal. Commitment is most likely when ________.

The goal-setting theory has the most value when ________.

The goal-setting theory has most value in countries where ________.

At his last performance evaluation, Elliott agreed to earn 20 continuing education credits before his next annual review. Ten months later, he still has not earned any. From this lack of action, we can infer that ________.

In a familiar children's book, a little locomotive was asked to pull a heavy train up a steep mountain. The 'little engine,' as he was called, kept telling himself 'I think I can. I think I can.' The little engine was ________.

________ theory says that behavior is a function of its consequences

In the context of the reinforcement theory, reinforcers are ________.

To help her new supervisors remember the concept of reinforcement theory, Carol told them

to remember this: ________.

Which one of the following actions accurately reflects the reinforcement theory of

motivation?

The way tasks are combined to form complete jobs is referred to as ________.

________ refers to the number of different tasks required in a job and the frequency with

which those tasks are repeated.

________ refers to the horizontal expansion of a job by increasing the number of different

tasks required in a job and the frequency with which those tasks are repeated.

________ refers to the vertical expansion of a job by adding planning and evaluating

responsibilities

________ refers to the degree of control employees have over their work.

Which one of the following is true about job enlargement and job enrichment?

In the job characteristics model, ________ refers to the degree to which a job requires

completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work.

The last worker in the assembly line put on the tires and tightened the lug nuts. When asked

what he did, he replied, "I build tractors." For this worker, his position included ________.

In the job characteristics model, task significance refers to the degree to which a job

________.

"We can't pay much but our clients could not manage without people like you in their lives."

This statement indicates that the position has ________.

In the job characteristics model, the dimension of ________ refers to the degree to which a

job provides substantial freedom, independence, and discretion to the individual in scheduling

the work and determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out.

At 3M, workers are allowed up to 15% of their paid time to devote to projects of their own

choosing. For that time, workers have ________.

In the job characteristics model, the dimension of ________ refers to the degree to which

doing work activities required by a job results in an individual obtaining direct and clear

information about the effectiveness of his or her performance.

As a flower arranger, Beth doesn't have to wait for someone to tell her. She can look at an

arrangement and know whether she did a good job. Beth's job has ________.

According to the JCM, which three job characteristics are crucial to an employee

experiencing meaningfulness of his or her work?

According to the JCM, which job characteristic leads to an employee experiencing

responsibility for outcomes of his or her work?

According to the JCM, which job characteristic results in the employee knowing about the

actual results of his or her work activities?

Sarah is using the JCM to redesign jobs for her small team of writers. After carefully

analyzing their jobs, she determines that while their jobs are high in skill variety, task identity,

task significance, and autonomy, they receive little feedback about their work. Which one of the

following steps will enable Sarah to improve this aspect of their jobs?

In jobs today, employees rely more and more on those around them for information, advice,

and assistance." Which one of the following approaches to job design best reflects this

statement?

The equity theory proposes that ________.

Coworkers Bob and Tom were comparing checks on Friday. Bob saw that Tom's was

significantly larger, which made Bob unhappy. Which theory best explains Bob's reaction?

After seeing Tom's paycheck, Bob decided their inputs were nearly identical but Tom's check

was much larger. Bob decided to take action to make things fairer in his mind. He is most likely

to ________.

In the expectancy theory, ________ is the probability perceived by the individual that

exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance.

In the expectancy theory, ________ is the degree to which the individual believes that

performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome.

In the expectancy theory, ________ is the importance that the individual places on the

potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job.

Tammy's boss has asked her to take on a project in addition to her regular work. According

to expectancy theory, Tammy will consider the instrumentality and ask herself, "________."

Bonnie's boss has offered her baseball game tickets if she meets her sales goals this month.

Bonnie looked at him in disbelief and did not put forth the effort to meet the goals. According to

expectancy theory, from this we can surmise ________.