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Dynamic Earth Reteach Unit 4

Total questions: 164

Worksheet time: 2hrs 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Who is known as the "Father of Continental Drift"?
a)
Harry Hess
b)
Abraham Ortelius
c)
Alfred Wegner
2.
Once magma reaches the earth's surface it is called.....
a)
Silica
b)
Rock
c)
lava
3.
A huge hole that is left behind when a volcano collapses is called a
a)
Batholith
b)
Caldera
c)
Geyser
4.
A volcano with a steep slope that has quickly cooling lava and explosive eruptions.
a)
Shield Volcano
b)
Cinder Cone Volcano
c)
Composite Volcano
5.
A volcano with gradual slopes formed by slow cooling lava.
a)
Shield Volcano
b)
Cinder Cone Volcano
c)
Composite Volcano
6.
What type of boundary is the San Andreas?
a)
Convergent
b)
Transform
c)
Optimus Prime
d)
Divergent
7.
What types of waves are released from an earthquake?
a)
Energy Waves
b)
Sonic Waves
c)
Seismic Waves
8.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Plate
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
d)
Transform
9.
What is a break in the rock layers called?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Epicenter
c)
Fault
d)
Focus
10.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
11.
What kind of plate boundary is shown here?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
strike slip
12.
200-300 million years ago, the continents were joined in a single land mass called...
a)
Pan America
b)
Pangaea
c)
Pan Acean
13.

Mt. Kilauea erupts continuously. What stage of it's life cycle is it likely in?

a)

Active

b)

Dormant

c)

Extinct

14.
The huge pieces of the earth's crust are called ____________________________. 
a)
crust
b)
plates
c)
directions
d)
seismos
15.
What is the violent shaking of Earth's crust as built-up energy is released.
a)
earthquake
b)
epicenter
c)
fault
d)
focus
16.
Where do volcanoes come from?
a)
Places where plates move apart
b)
Places where plates are moving together
c)
Hot Spots
d)
All of these options
17.
Where do many earthquakes and volcanoes occur along the Pacific Ocean?
a)
along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
b)
along the Nazca Plate
c)
along the Ring of Fire
d)
near India
18.

Mt. Kilauea erupts continuously. Why stage of it's life cycle is it likely in?

a)

Active

b)

Dormant

c)

Extinct

19.

Which 2 properties of magma determine the type of eruption?

a)

Amount of iron and viscosity

b)

Amount of iron and shearing

c)

amount of silica and viscosity

20.
Dormant volcanoes might erupt in the future.
a)
True
b)
False
21.

What does this map show?

a)

There are no predictable patterns to earthquakes.

b)

There is a pattern to global earthquakes.

22.
What are scientists that study volcanoes called?
a)
doctor
b)
vet
c)
volcanologist
d)
volcano scientist
23.

Which can cause an earthquake?

a)

Seismographs

b)

Plate Movement

c)

P Waves

24.

Which feature most likely formed when these two plates collided into each other?

a)

An ocean

b)

a desert

c)

a glacier

d)

a mountain

25.

The strength and size of an earthquake is measured using the ..........

a)

Seconds

b)

Richter Scale

26.

What is a volcano?

a)

Any tall mountain

b)

A place where magma erupts

c)

A body of water that can explode

d)

An event where the ground shakes

27.

This type of volcano is large and erupts violently and explosively. It causes a lot of damage.

a)

Shield volcano

b)

Composite or stratovolcano

28.
The image shows the Mid Atlantic Ridge. Which type of boundary occurs at this ridge where the ocean floor is spreading apart? 
a)
convergent
b)
divergent 
c)
transform fault
29.

Magma is .............. that can come to the Earth's surface through a volcanoe.

a)

A liquid rock

b)

A solid rock

30.
Earthquakes happen every day. Most are too small for humans to notice.
a)
True
b)
False
31.
At what type(s) of plate boundaries do most volcanoes form?
a)
convergent and transform
b)
convergent and divergent
c)
divergent and transform
d)
ocean and mountain
32.

The formation of the Hawaiian Islands is one example of

a)

volcanoes forming over a hot spot

b)

volcanoes forming along a plate boundary

c)

the Ring of Fire

33.
What is represented by the picture? 
a)
Sea-floor spreading
b)
Pangea
c)
How the continents are arranged today
d)
Volcanoes
34.
What do you call melted rock below the Earth's surface?
a)
lava
b)
fault
c)
focus
d)
magma
35.
An earthquake of 8.5 or higher would do this.
a)
No damage
b)
Minor damage
c)
Major damage
d)
Can't be detected
36.
The center point on the surface of an earthquake represented by letter R is called what?
a)
Center point
b)
Focus
c)
Epicenter
d)
Seismic waves
37.
The cracks in Earth's crust are called ___________.
a)
tectonic plates
b)
faults
c)
magma
d)
lava
38.
A sudden release of energy from plate movement creating shaking and trembling is known as:
a)
seismic wave
b)
earthquake
c)
focus
d)
epicenter
39.

The location underground, where magma is stored before an eruption is called the ... (labeled T)

a)

Vent

b)

Pipe

c)

Magma Chamber

d)

Lava room

40.

Which U.S. State has the most Earthquakes and Volcanoes?

a)

Alaska

b)

Hawaii

c)

California

d)

Massachusetts

41.

What type of stress in normally associated with convergent boundaries?

a)

faulting

b)

tension

c)

shear stress

d)

compression

42.

At a divergent boundary, ____________ stress is the most likely to occur.

a)

faulting

b)

tension

c)

shear stress

d)

compression

43.

What can cause a chain of volcanic islands to form far from plate boundaries?

a)

rifting

b)

folding

c)

hot spots

d)

subduction

44.

The diagram shows rock that is being deformed by one type of stress. What type of stress is shown in the diagram?

a)

faulting

b)

tension

c)

shear stress

d)

compression

45.

This diagram shows a subduction zone. What type of plate boundary is shown in the image?

a)

divergent boundary

b)

convergent boundary (Oceanic-Continental)

c)

divergent boundary

d)

convergent boundary (Continental-Continental)

46.

A __________________ forms when two tectonic plates move away from each other.

a)

divergent boundary

b)

transform boundary

c)

convergent boundary

47.

What event is associated with the activity at a transform boundary when there is a sudden release of energy?

a)

volcano

b)

earthquake

c)

mountain ranges

48.

What type of stress is normally associated with transform boundaries?

a)

tension

b)

shear stress

c)

compression

d)

vertical stress

49.

__________ is a stress that squeezes or shortens materials.

a)

compression

b)

tension

c)

shear stress

50.

_____________ is a stress that lengthens a material or pulls a material apart.

a)

compression

b)

tension

c)

shear stress

51.

_______________ is a stress that causes material to twist or become distorted.

a)

compression

b)

tension

c)

shear stress

52.

What type of plate boundary is shown in the picture?

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

53.

What type of plate boundary is shown in the picture?

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

54.

What type of plate boundary is shown in the picture?

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

55.

What landform would you most likely find at a divergent boundary between two pieces of oceanic crust?

a)

Rift Valley

b)

Mountain

c)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

d)

Volcano

56.

A hot spot is located at the boundary of a plate

a)

true

b)

false

57.

What geologic feature will occur at a hot spot ?

a)

volcano

b)

folded mountain

c)

deep sea trench

d)

crevasse

58.

A prime example of an area over a hot spot is :

a)

Japan

b)

the Andes Mountains

c)

the East African Rift

d)

the Hawaiian Islands

59.

What area of the continental United States is over a hot spot ?

a)

the Florida Everglades

b)

the Grand Canyon

c)

Yellowstone National Park

d)

New York City

60.

Tsunamis are caused by

a)

underwater disturbances such as earthquakes, landslides, and volcanoes.

b)

wind and the gravitational pull of the moon.

61.

What causes a tsunami?

a)

shaking of the water during an earthquake or volcano

b)

Seismic energy released by tectonic plates

c)

a really big boat

62.

Which of these boundaries is responsible for creating volcanic arcs?

a)

Continental - Continental Convergence

b)

Oceanic - Continental Convergence

c)

Mid Ocean Ridges

d)

Oceanic - Oceanic Convergence

63.

When one tectonic plate is pulled under another and into the mantle, it's called:

a)

A Subduction Zone

b)

A Transform Boundary

c)

A Ridge

d)

A Folded Mountain

64.

In what type of boundary is the only feature created going to be Mountains?

a)

Oceanic to Oceanic Convergence

b)

Oceanic to Continental Convergence

c)

Rift Valleys

d)

Continental to Continental Convergence

65.

When a divergent boundary happens under continental crust, it's called a:

a)

Rift Valley

b)

Block Mountain

c)

Folded Mountain

d)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

66.

When a divergent boundary occurs underneath the ocean, it's called a:

a)

Rift Valley

b)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

c)

Subduction Zone

d)

Fault Block Mountain

67.

New oceanic crust (sea floor) is created at this boundary.

a)

Convergent Oceanic

b)

Divergent Oceanic

c)

Divergent Continental

d)

Transform

68.

What two crustal features occur near every subduction zone?

a)

Rift Valleys and Mid Ocean Ridges

b)

Volcanoes and Rift Valleys

c)

Mid Ocean Ridges and Trenches

d)

Volcanoes and Trenches

69.

What is happening in the mantle that helps move the tectonic plates?

a)

Convection

b)

Radiation

c)

Condensation

d)

Conduction

70.

The two types of crust are _______ and _______.

a)

oceanic, continental

b)

land, Pangaea

c)

continental, volcanic

d)

core, mantle

71.

Oceanic crust is usually _____ dense than continental crust

a)

less

b)

more

72.

Which city on the map is most likely to experience a major earthquake?

a)

Paris

b)

New York

c)

Juneau

d)

Rio de Janeiro

73.

When this occurs, new crust is added to the ocean floor

a)

sea-floor spreading

b)

convergent boundary

c)

transform boundary

74.

This diagram shows rock being transformed by one type of stress. What type of stress is being shown?

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Shear stress

d)

Fault

75.

What is the cause of volcanoes that are formed far away from a plate boundary?

a)

subduction

b)

hot spot

c)

folding

d)

rifting

76.

When volcanic islands are created by a hotspot, where is the oldest volcanic island?

a)

right above the hotspot

b)

close to the hotspot

c)

furthest away from the hotspot

77.
The type of plate boundary where two plates come together is a .....
a)
Convergent Boundary
b)
Divergent Boundary
c)
Transform Boundary
d)
Plate Boundary
78.
Which of the following causes Earth's tectonic plates to move?
a)
Energy from the Sun
b)
Magnetic Pole Reversal
c)
Convection currents in the mantle
d)
Faults in Mountain Ranges
79.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Plate
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
d)
Transform
80.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
81.
A divergent boundary occurs when plates ....
a)
Pull apart
b)
Come together
c)
Slide past each other
d)
subducting
82.
Which of the following is the name of the ancient supercontinent formed 28 Million Years ago.
a)
Pangea
b)
Gondwanda
c)
Laurasia
d)
Neverland
83.
Which of the following is NOT evidence to support the theory of plate tectonics?
a)
Fossils
b)
Mountains
c)
Glaciers
d)
Sand Erosion
84.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Transform
b)
Convergent
c)
Divergent
d)
Plate
85.
A fault is formed by the movement of a __________ plate boundary
a)
Transform
b)
Convergent
c)
Divergent
86.
Islands can from from magma which is pushed up at a __________ plate boundary
a)
Divergent
b)
Convergent
c)
Transform
87.

Where would the oldest rock be found?

a)

L: white line, closest to ridge

b)

M: Dark black line - 2nd from middle of ridge

c)

N : light gray line-3rd from middle of ridge

d)

O: white line , farthest from ridge

88.
How is it possible for new crust to be formed without increasing the surface area of the Earth?
a)
Crust is destroyed at the same time it is created
b)
New crust is underwater where it sinks
c)
New crust breaks more easily than old crust
89.

Folded mountains are created when....

a)

Two continental plates collide

b)

Two oceanic plates pull apart

c)

An Oceanic plate subducts under a Continental Plate

d)

Two continental plates pull apart

90.
Which of the following occurs because of convection currents?
a)
Tectonic plates on the crust move.
b)
The mantle increases in size.
c)
Pressure in the crust increases.
d)
Pressure in the crust decreases.
91.
Scientists think that convection currents that move the plates flow in Earth's
a)
Continental crust
b)
Oceanic crust
c)
Asthenosphere
d)
Lithosphere
92.
Which is true about hotter material in the mantle?
a)
more dense, sinks
b)
less dense, sinks
c)
less dense, rises
d)
more dense, rises
93.
During sea floor spreading, molten material rises up from the mantle...
a)
along the continents
b)
at the mid ocean ridges
c)
deep ocean trenches
d)
at north and south poles
94.
Which of the following is where one plate slides under another plate?
a)
submarine zone
b)
divergence zone
c)
subduction zone
d)
lower zone
95.
Associated with transform boundaries.
a)
Volcanoes
b)
mountains
c)
trenches
d)
earthquakes
96.

This land formation occurs at a Continental-Continental divergent boundary.

a)

mid ocean ridge

b)

deep ocean trench

c)

pacific hot spot

d)

rift valley

97.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
98.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
99.
Which ocean is expanding due to a mid-ocean ridge (divergent boundary)?
a)
Indian
b)
Dead Sea
c)
Atlantic
d)
Artic
100.
This layer of Earth is the thickest part
a)
crust
b)
outer core
c)
mantle
d)
inner core
101.
The youngest material of the ocean floor is found at mid-ocean _________.
a)
ridges
b)
trenches
c)
basins
d)
rifts
102.
The presence of the same ________ on several continents supports the idea of continental drift.
a)
rocks
b)
fossils
c)
both fossils and rocks
d)
neither fossils nor rocks
103.
A lack of evidence for continental drift prevented many scientists from believing a single supercontinent called _________ existed.
a)
Glossopteris
b)
Pangaea
c)
Gondwanaland
d)
Mesosaurus
104.
The theory of _______ states that Earth’s crust and upper mantle are broken into sections that are in constant, slow motion.
a)
plate tectonics
b)
continental drift
c)
seafloor spreading
d)
divergent boundaries
105.
Matching ________ on different continents are evidence for continental drift.
a)
weather systems
b)
river systems
c)
rock structures
d)
wind systems
106.
The _________ is the thinnest layer of Earth.
a)
outer core
b)
inner core
c)
mantle
d)
crust
107.
_______ are formed when two continental plates collide.
a)
Mountain ranges
b)
Transform faults
c)
Rift valleys
d)
Volcanoes
108.
The theory of continental drift was first proposed by __________.
a)
Thomas Edison
b)
Alfred Wegener
c)
Benjamin Franklin
d)
Harry Hess
109.
The theory of seafloor spreading was first proposed by __________.
a)
Thomas Edison
b)
Harry Hess
c)
Benjamin Franklin
d)
Alfred Wegener
110.
_________ currents carry heat from the hot inner core to the cooler outer mantle and back again.
a)
River
b)
Radiation
c)
Convection
d)
Conduction
111.
Plates move apart at _________ boundaries.
a)
volcanic
b)
divergent
c)
convergent
d)
transform
112.
The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a ________.
a)
divergent boundary
b)
convergent boundary
c)
transform fault
d)
subduction zone
113.
The feature labeled C represents some of the deepest spots on the ocean floor. These areas are called ___.
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
trenches
c)
deep-sea vent
d)
abyssal plain
114.
What are the deepest places on Earth formed by pushing oceanic crust under continental crust?
a)
mid-ocean ridges
b)
rift valleys
c)
trenches
d)
mountain ranges
115.
Large pieces of Earth's lithosphere that move around are called?
a)
sections
b)
plates
c)
land masses
d)
faults
116.
What forms when two oceanic plates diverge?
a)
moutains
b)
rift valley
c)
mid-ocean ridge
d)
deep-ocean trench
117.
What are the two types of crust?
a)
continental and oceanic
b)
ocean and basin
c)
lower and upper
d)
thick and thin
118.
Earthquakes and volcanoes are most likely found in which locations? 
a)
at plate boundaries
b)
in oceans
c)
in the middle of continents
d)
in the middle of plates
119.
When an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide, which one will subduct? 
a)
oceanic
b)
continental
c)
neither
d)
both
120.
According to Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift, 
a)
Earth's surface is made up of seven major landmasses
b)
the continents DO NOT move
c)
Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking
d)
the continents were once joined together in a single landmass
121.
The youngest rocks on the seafloor are most likely found...
a)
closest to a mid-ocean ridge
b)
farthest from a mid-ocean ridge
c)
near the coastlines
d)
closest to a deep sea trench
122.

This layer is only 5-50km thick

a)

Mantle

b)

Inner core

c)

Crust

d)

Core

123.

This layer is mostly basalt rock

a)

Earth's Crust

b)

Continental Crust

c)

Oceanic Crust

d)

Mantle

124.

True or False: The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth

a)

True

b)

False

125.

True or False: The oceanic crust and continental crust are a part of the Mantle

a)

True

b)

False

126.

This layer is composed of silicate rocks that are rich in magnesium and iron

a)

Crust

b)

Inner Core

c)

Mantle

d)

Outer Core

127.

True or False: The Earth's crust is made up of Land and the part under the ocean.

a)

true

b)

false

128.

The process of convection currents happen at this layer

a)

Oceanic Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Asthenosphere

d)

Inner Core

129.

This layer is about 2,300km thick and is the second largest layer

a)

Inner core

b)

mantle

c)

Outer core

d)

Crust

130.

True/False: The Earth's magnetic field is created because the magma moves around the outer core

a)

True

b)

False

131.

The cooler rock of the mantle is located ___________

a)

Near the top of the mantle

b)

Near the bottom of the mantle

132.

These are waves of energy caused by earthquakes and other rock movement

a)

P-waves

b)

Electromagnetic waves

c)

Seismic waves

d)

Seismographs

133.

This layer is a solid ball of metal

a)

Inner Core

b)

Outer Core

c)

Mantle

134.

This layer has an average temperature of 4,000-5,000 degree celsius

a)

Mantle

b)

Inner Core

c)

Outer Core

d)

Crust

135.

True/False: Seismic waves can pass through every layer of the Earth

a)

True

b)

False

136.

True/False: The oceanic crust is older than the continental crust

a)

True

b)

False

137.

This layer is made of mostly granite rock

a)

Crust

b)

Oceanic Crust

c)

Continental Crust

d)

Mantle

138.

This layer is the largest layer of the Earth and is about 2,890 km thick.

a)

Crust

b)

Inner Core

c)

Mantle

d)

Outer Core

139.

True/False: The mantle has two layer within it called the asthenosphere and lithosphere

a)

True

b)

False

140.

This layer is weaker and less rigid (plasticity, like silly putty)

a)

Lithosphere

b)

Crust

c)

Mantle

d)

Asthenosphere

141.

True/False: The crust, mantle, and core are the three compositional layers of the Earth.

a)

True

b)

False

142.

True/False: The Earth is divided up into five mechanical layers--lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer and inner core

a)

True

b)

False

143.

This layer is made up of liquid iron and nickel

a)

Inner Core

b)

Outer Core

c)

Mantle

d)

Lithosphere

144.

This layer in the crust is mostly made of basalt rock

a)

Outer Core

b)

Crust

c)

Continental Crust

d)

Oceanic Crust

145.

This layer is composed of silicate rocks that are rich in magnesium and iron

a)

Lithosphere

b)

Mantle

c)

Asthenosphere

d)

Continental crust

146.

This layer has an average temperature between 5,000-6,000 degree celsius

a)

Mantle

b)

Crust

c)

Inner Core

d)

Outer Core

147.

This layer is plastic like and makes the crust move and crash into each other

a)

Lithosphere

b)

Mantle

c)

Asthenosphere

d)

Outer Core

148.

These layers are in the upper part of the Mantle

a)

Oceanic and Continental

b)

Asthenosphere and Lithosphere

c)

Inner and Outer

149.

True/False: discontinuity relates to explaining the layers of the Earth.

a)

True

b)

False

150.

Which layer contains the ground we walk on?

a)

atmosphere

b)

lithosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

mesosphere

151.

Which layer is shown in red?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

152.

Which layer is shown in orange?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

153.

Which layer is shown in yellow?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

154.

Which layer is shown in brown?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

155.

Which shows the order of the layers from COOLEST to HOTTEST?

a)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

b)

inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

c)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

d)

Trick question! All of the layers are the same temperature!

156.

Which layer is made of "flowing" solid rock (think clay or pudding)?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

157.
Where does the heat come from that drives this convection current in the mantle?
a)
the sun
b)
the core
c)
the ocean
d)
the mantle
158.
Where is the temperature of the mantle material greater, at point A or point B?
a)
Point A
b)
Point B
159.
Where is the density of the material greater, at point B or point C?
a)
Point B
b)
Point C
160.
What causes the convection cell to turn left at point B?
a)
material hits the crust and is "trapped" in the current
b)
material is getting less dense
c)
material is getting hotter
161.
What happens to the temperature and density of materials between point B and point C?
a)
material is getting colder and more dense
b)
material is getting hotter and less dense
162.
What force causes the convection cell to turn down at point C?
a)
pressure
b)
density
c)
temperature
d)
gravity
163.
What happens to the temperature and density of materials between point D and point A?
a)
material is getting colder and more dense
b)
material is getting hotter and less dense
164.
What causes the convection cell to turn up at point A?
a)
material is getting colder
b)
material is getting less dense
c)
material is getting more dense

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