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Biology Semester 1 Final Study Guide

Total questions: 118

Worksheet time: 30hrs 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Independent Variable

a)

Test Variable

b)

Measured Variable

c)

No-Change Variable

2.

Dependent Variable

a)

Test Variable

b)

Measured Variable

c)

No-Change Variable

3.

Control Variable

a)

Test Variable

b)

Measured Variable

c)

No-Change Variable

4.

TRUE OR FALSE:

Matter is made of atoms; Protons (+), Neutrons (0), Electrons (-).

a)

True

b)

False

c)

Who knows?

d)

Who cares?

5.

The Periodic Table is arranged by…

a)

Atomic #

b)

Atomic Mass

c)

Number of people who use them

6.

Atomic #

a)

Number of Electrons

b)

Number of Neutrons

c)

Number of Protons

d)

Number of Protons plus the Number of Neutrons

7.

Atomic Mass

a)

Number of Protons

b)

Number of Protons plus the Number of Neutrons

c)

Number of Neutrons

d)

Number of Electrons

8.

Electron Cloud is the…

a)

Volume

b)

Mass

c)

Surface

9.

Nucleus is the…

a)

Volume

b)

Mass

c)

Surface

10.

Types of Matter

a)

Solid

b)

Liquid

c)

Water

d)

Gas

e)

Bread

11.

A solid’s atoms are…

a)

Really close together

b)

Semi-close together

c)

Far apart

12.

A liquid’s atoms are…

a)

Really close together

b)

Semi-close together

c)

Far apart

13.

A gas’s atoms are…

a)

Really close together

b)

Semi-close together

c)

Far apart

14.

TRUE OR FALSE:

Products yeild reactants

a)

True

b)

False

15.

TRUE OR FALSE:

Macromolecules are large biomolecules that make up all food.

a)

True

b)

False

16.

TRUE OR FALSE:

Monomers are made of polymers

a)

True

b)

False

17.

Is protein a polymer or monomer?

a)

Polymer

b)

Monomer

18.

Is a lipid a polymer or monomer?

a)

Polymer

b)

Monomer

19.

Is a carbohydrate a polymer or monomer?

a)

Polymer

b)

Monomer

20.

Is a nucleic acid a polymer or monomer?

a)

Polymer

b)

Monomer

21.

Is a amino acid a polymer or monomer?

a)

Polymer

b)

Monomer

22.

Is a fatty acid a polymer or monomer?

a)

Polymer

b)

Monomer

23.

Is a monosaccharide a polymer or monomer?

a)

Polymer

b)

Monomer

24.

Is a nucleotide a polymer or monomer?

a)

Polymer

b)

Monomer

25.

Proteins are for…

a)

Cell funtion and structure (enzymes)

b)

Long-term energy storage

c)

Short-term energy storage

d)

Genetic code

26.

Lipids are for…

a)

Cell structure and function

b)

Long-term energy storage

c)

Short-term energy storage

d)

Genetic code

27.

Carbohydrates are for…

a)

Cell structure and function

b)

Long-term energy storage

c)

Short-term energy storage

d)

Genetic code

28.

Nucleic acids are for…

a)

Cell structure and function

b)

Long-term energy storage

c)

Short-term energy storage

d)

Genetic code

29.

Amino acids are made of…

a)

NH2

b)

Long C-H Chains

c)

Sugar ring(s)

d)

Phosphate + Sugar ring + Nitrogenous Base

30.

Fatty acids are made of…

a)

NH2

b)

Long C-H Chains

c)

Sugar ring(s)

d)

Phosphate + Sugar ring + Nitrogenous Base

31.

Monosaccharides are made of…

a)

NH2

b)

Long C-H Chains

c)

Sugar ring(s)

d)

Phosphate + Sugar ring + Nitrogenous Base

32.

Nucleotides are made of…

a)

NH2

b)

Long C-H Chains

c)

Sugar ring(s)

d)

Phosphate + Sugar ring + Nitrogenous Base

33.

TRUE OR FALSE:

Dehydration Synthesis is the building of polymers with the loss of H2O to create the reactants for Hydrolosis.

a)

True

b)

False

34.

TRUE OR FALSE:

Hydrolysis consumes or breaks water to create the reactants for Dehydration Synthesis.

a)

True

b)

False

35.

TRUE OR FALSE:

Enzymes are proteins.

a)

True

b)

False

36.

Catalysts…

a)

Speed up reactions

b)

Slow down reactions

c)

Do absolutely nothing

d)

Lowers activation energy

37.

An enzyme’s shape allows it to…

a)

Function properly

b)

Build biomolecules

c)

Attach to the substrate at the Active site

d)

Run in circles

38.

TRUE OR FALSE:

If an enzyme is denatured (Heat, pH, Mutation), it still works normally.

a)

True

b)

False

39.

Protons have what kind of charge?

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

Neutral

40.

Neutrons have what kind of charge?

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

Neutral

41.

Electrons have what kind of charge?

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

Neutral

42.

The nucleus…

a)

Houses and produces DNA/RNA/ genetic code

b)

Builds Proteins

c)

Creates Cell Energy

43.

The ribosomes…

a)

House and produce DNA

b)

Build proteins

c)

Make cell energy

d)

Package vesicles

44.

The mitochondria…

a)

Makes sugar

b)

Houses and produces DNA/RNA/ genetic code

c)

Creates cell energy

45.

The lysosomes…

a)

Recycle/ breakdown old cells and/or infections

b)

Makes and Houses DNA/RNA/ genetic code

c)

Makes protiens

d)

Package vesicles

46.

The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum…

a)

Houses ribosomes to make proteins

b)

Packaging vesicles

c)

Makes and houses DNA/RNA/ genetic code

47.

The Golgi Body…

a)

Holds packaging vesicles

b)

Recycles/ breaks down old cells/infections

c)

Makes and houses DNA/RNA/ genetic code

d)

Builds proteins

48.

Cell Wall

a)

Animal Cells

b)

Plant Cells

c)

Both

49.

Cell Membrane

a)

Animal Cells

b)

Plant Cells

c)

Both

50.

Large cell vacuole stores…

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Water

c)

Glucose

d)

DNA

51.

Large Cell Vacuole

a)

Animal Cells

b)

Plant Cells

c)

Both

52.

Chloroplasts…

a)

Make sugar

b)

Make DNA

c)

Make water

53.

Chloroplasts are located in…

a)

Autotrophs

b)

Heterotrophs

54.

What type of cell is this?

a)

Animal

b)

Plant

55.

What type of cell is this?

a)

Plant

b)

Animal

56.

The cell membrane is made of…

a)

A phospholipid bilayer

b)

Membrane-bound Proteins

c)

Cholesterol

d)

Channel proteins

e)

DNA

57.

Passive transport

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Phagocytosis

58.

Diffusion sends areas of…

a)

Low concentration to high concentration

b)

High concentration to low concentration

59.

If water is being diffused, it is…

a)

Osmosis

b)

Endocytosis

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Diffusion

60.

Hypertonic means…

a)

Low water

b)

High solute

c)

Cell shrinks

d)

High water

e)

Cell swells

61.

Isotonic means

a)

Equal water

b)

Equal solute

c)

Equilibrium

d)

Cell shriks

e)

Cell swells

62.

Hypotonic means…

a)

High water

b)

Low solute

c)

Cell swells

d)

Equal water

e)

Low water

63.

Active transport uses…

a)

Protein pumps

b)

Osmosis

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

64.

TRUE OR FALSE

Active transport pumps Na+ in and K+ out.

a)

True

b)

False

65.

Endocytosis is also known as…

a)

Osmosis

b)

Phagocytosis

c)

Diffusion

d)

Exocytosis

66.

Endocytosis…

a)

Envelops pathogens

b)

Leaves the cell

67.

Exocytosis…

a)

Envelops pathogens

b)

Leaves the cell

68.

Cell Respiration is located in…

a)

The cytoplasm/ cytosol

b)

The mitochondria

c)

The chloroplast

d)

The nucleus

69.

Glycolosis

a)

In cytoplasm, changes glucose to 2 pyruvic acids

b)

In the mitochondria, gets out CO2 + 2ATP

c)

In the mitochondria, gets out 32-34 ATP

70.

Krebs Cycle

a)

In the cytoplasm/ cytosol, and changes glucose to 2 pyruvic acids

b)

In the mitochondria, gets out CO2 + 2ATP

c)

In the mitochondria, gets out 32-34 ATP

71.

Electron Transport Chain

a)

In the cytoplasm/ cytosol, and changes glucose to 2 pyruvic acids

b)

In the mitochondria, gets out CO2 + 2ATP

c)

In the mitochondria, gets out 32-34 ATP

72.

Fermentation

a)

Lactic Acid (muscle)

b)

CO2 and Ethanol (yeast/ bacteria)

c)

Produces 2 ATP

73.

TRUE OR FALSE:

ATP turns into ADP because a phosphate leaves, resulting in an energy release.

a)

True

b)

False

74.

TRUE OR FALSE:

Fermentation is an anaerobic reaction.

a)

True

b)

False

75.

TRUE OR FALSE:

The Krebs Cycle is an anaerobic reaction.

a)

True

b)

False

76.

TRUE OR FALSE:

The Electron Transport Chain is an aerobic reaction.

a)

True

b)

False

77.

Photosynthesis is in the…

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Vacuole

d)

Lysosome

78.

TRUE OR FALSE:

An autotroph is an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals.

a)

True

b)

False

79.

TRUE OR FALSE:

Heterotrophs, not autotrophs, perform photosynthesis.

a)

True

b)

False

80.

Photosynthesis…

a)

Builds large sugars (from smaller molecules like water and carbon dioxide)

b)

Splits the genetic code to help create more cells

c)

Creates amino acids for proteins

81.

TRUE OR FALSE:

Photosynthesis is a reduction oxydation reaction.

a)

True

b)

False

82.

Which molecule is reduced in photosynthesis?

a)

The 6 CO2

b)

The 6 H2O

83.

What molecule is oxidized in photosynthesis?

a)

The 6 CO2

b)

The 6 H20

84.

The Light Reactions occur in the…

a)

Thylakoid/granum

b)

Stroma

85.

The Dark Reactions occur in the…

a)

Thylakoid/granum

b)

Stroma

86.

TRUE OR FALSE:

The positively charged Phosphate in the molecule NADP+ picks up the negatively charged Hydrogen to create NADPH, which then goes into the stroma.

a)

True

b)

False

87.

TRUE OR FALSE:

ATP + NADPH goes into the Calvin Cycle

a)

True

b)

False

88.

TRUE OR FALSE:

ADP + NADP+ goes into the Calvin Cycle.

a)

True

b)

False

89.

ATP stands for…

a)

Adenosine Triphosphate

b)

Adenosine Diphosphate

c)

Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

90.

ADP stands for…

a)

Adenosine Triphosphate

b)

Adenosine Diphosphate

c)

Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

91.

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

a)

Phosphate Group

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Nitrogenous Base (N-Group)

d)

DNA

92.

What are the Nitrogenous Bases?

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Guanine

d)

Cytosime

e)

Trimine

93.

How many Nitrogenous Bases are there? (Other than Uracil)

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

94.

What kind of sugar is found in a nucleotide

a)

Phosphate Group

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Nitrogenous Base

95.

Which nucleotide component contains nitrogen?

a)

Phosphate Group

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Nitrogenous Base

96.

What makes up the backbone of DNA?

a)

Phosphate Group

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Nitrogenous Base

97.

What is the shape of DNA

a)

Helix

b)

Double Helix

c)

Triple Helix

d)

Quadruple Helix

98.

TRUE OR FALSE:

This is a nucleotide.

a)

True

b)

False

99.

Which Nitrogenous Base is paired with Adenine?

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Guanine

100.

Which Nitrogenous Base is paired with Thymine?

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Guanine

101.

Which Nitrogenous Base is paired with Cytosine?

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Guanine

102.

Which Nitrogenous Base is paired with Guanine?

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Guanine

103.

How many hydrogen bonds are between Adenine and Thymine?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

104.

How many hydrogen bonds are between Cytosine and Guanine?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

105.

What is the DNA pairing for the sequence ATCCAG?

a)

TAGGTC

b)

ATCCAG

c)

GACCAT

d)

CTGGAT

106.

What type of biological molecule is DNA helicase?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

107.

What role does DNA helicase have in the replication of DNA?

a)

It unzipps the DNA

b)

It gets the DNA ready to be unzipped

c)

It pairs the Okazaki Fragments to the new DNA strand

108.

What type of replication is DNA replication?

a)

Semi-Conservative replication

b)

Conservative replication

c)

Non-Conservative replication

109.

DNA contains the genetic blueprint for making…

a)

Proteins

b)

Lipids

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic Acids

110.

The DNA template is used to make…

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

111.

What is the new Nitrogenous Base that is only found in RNA?

a)

Adenine

b)

Uracil

c)

Guanine

d)

Cytosine

112.

What is Adenine Paired with in RNA?

a)

Thymine

b)

Uracil

c)

Cytosine

d)

Guanine

113.

If the mRNA sequence reads AGGCTA, what is the tRNA pairing?

a)

UCCGAU

b)

AGGCTA

c)

ATCGGA

d)

UAGCCU

114.

What is the start codon?

a)

AUG

b)

CCG

c)

ACU

d)

GCA

115.

Translation continues on the ribosome until a _______ is reached.

a)

START codon

b)

STOP codon

116.

mRNA binds to _________

a)

A ribosome

b)

The mitochondria

c)

The nucleus

d)

The lysosome

117.

What are ribosomes made of?

a)

rRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

tRNA

118.

What does tRNA carry to the ribosome for translation?

(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

a)

Amino acid

b)

Anticodons

c)

Codons

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