Methanogens, thermophiles, and halophiles are some of the most primitive life-forms found on Earth and thrive in very harsh environments. These unicellular, prokaryotic organisms most likely belong to which of the following kingdoms?

Which represents a monomer of a carbohydrate?

What characteristic do ALL cells have in common?

Which of the organelles below is responsible for producing ATP?

The geotropism of a tree’s trunk explains which of these observations of a tree?

Phloem functions primarily in

A scientist observes a cell that is surrounded by a cell wall and lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. What can the scientists conclude about the cell?

Ramora fishes have an adhesive disk on their heads that they use to attach themselves to whales. When food floats away from the whale’s mouth, unused, the remora unhitches itself from the whale and eats the food the whale let float away. The relationship between the remora and the whale is an example of

Which molecule provides most of the energy used to drive chemical reactions in cells?

A student is collecting the gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight at a temperature of 27°C. The gas being collected is probably

Which pathway shows how atmospheric nitrogen is converted into the nitrogen compounds that plants need?

Which tropism is the one dealing with the plant moving toward the light

Approximately what percentage of the original amount of energy from producers is stored in the tissues of the primary consumer?

A snake that eats a frog that has eaten an insect that fed on a plant is

In the figure to right, between which parts of the molecule must the bonds be broken to form an ADP molecule?

To which kingdom does one type of common bread mold belong if it has cell walls, membrane-bound organelles, and obtains its energy from decomposing bread?

The calcium concentration in the root cells of certain plants is higher than in the surrounding soil.

Calcium may continue to enter the root cells of the plant by the process of

Which group of elements combines to form most of the compounds in living things? (pg. 79)

While looking at a microscope slide, a student observes a cell similar to the diagram below.

The student forms the hypothesis that the cell is a prokaryote. Which of the following cell characteristics

support the hypothesis?

The starting molecule for glycolysis is

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

What is one reason that an HIV infection is so serious? (pg. 578)

To study the transport of molecules into and out of the cells, the students set up the following investigations.

The students wanted to determine what would happen if a selectively permeable barrier separated two

Solutions with different concentration of solutes (e.g. sugar molecules). The diagram on the left shows

the initial water levels in a curved glass tub. The diagram on the right shows the levels of water after the concentration of sugar molecules was the same on both sides of the barrier. In the set-up, what part of the cell

does the barrier represent?

The products of photosynthesis are the

When referring to any taxonomically classified organism, scientists use only those categories that differentiate an organism from any other, such as Ursus horribilis (grizzly bear). Thus, scientists refer to an organism by its

Cellulose is found in plant cell walls. Which class of macromolecule does this fit under?

How are viruses and cells alike?

Which of these processes takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell? (pg. 255-259)

Which organisms should be classified in more than one trophic level? (pg. 73-77)

Which organism is NOT likely to carry out cellular respiration?

Four students attempted to classify organisms into the Plant and Animal kingdoms. Their classifications are shown in the table below.

Which student’s classification correctly separates organisms into these two kingdoms? (pg. 206-207)

The Calvin cycle is another name for

Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data

The molecule in the diagram above plays what role in the body

The simplicity of prokaryotic cells prevent them from

The algae at the beginning of the food chain in the figure above are

Certain processes in the human body must be sped up in order to occur fast enough to sustain life. Why does the timeliness of these processes depend on proteins?

A population of deer belongs to the forest community. Which change to the community would most likely cause the deer population to increase?

Scientists assign each kind of organism a universally accepted name in the system known as:

Identify the reactant(s) in the chemical reaction, CO2 + H2O → H2CO3

Plants and other producers form the base of food webs. In these producers, the reactions of photosynthesis occur in the chloroplasts, as illustrated below. The source of carbon in the resulting glucose molecule is (pg. 233)

In the series of enzyme reactions shown below, product Z is able to occupy the active site of enzyme E2 and competitively inhibit E2. Product Z can therefore first inhibit the production of (pg. 52-53)

E1 E2 E3

W----------------> X-----------------> Y---------------> Z

Having a standard taxonomic system benefits the scientific community by allowing scientists from all over the world to do which of the following?

Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in

Which organ produces the male gametes?

Which organ produces the female gametes?

Which statement best describes the pollination process?

Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?

The function of the chloroplast is to

In photosynthesis, sunlight is used as

A new invasive beetle has been discovered in a farmland community. The beetle bores into and destroys the roots of entire fields of crops. The beetle was accidentally imported from abroad, and does not have predators in its new habitat. To control the destructive beetle, a group of researchers has proposed the use of nematodes that burrow into the soil and feed exclusively on the larvae of the beetle. Which best describes the beetle control method suggested by the researchers? (pg. 137-141)

The diagram on the right shows how a paramecium maintains homeostasis. A paramecium normally lives in a hypotonic environment in which water continually diffuses into the cell. To maintain homeostasis, the paramecium must pump out large amounts of water using its contractile vacuole. If the paramecium is then placed in a hypertonic environment, which of the following will occur

The illustration above shows a chloroplast. The structure where light-dependent reactions take place is labeled

The tiger, Panthera tigris, is most closely related to the

What is one way in which archaea are different from bacteria?

Members of the kingdom Animalia are best described as

Which of these relationships is an example of competition?

The diagram to the right represents different levels of a food pyramid. Between which two levels is the greatest amount of energy transferred?

Which of the following organisms does NOT require sunlight to live? (pg. 69-70)

The diagram on the left below shows the appearance of a red blood ell under a microscope. The diagram on the right shows the same cell after a drop of solution is added to the microscope slide.

What can be concluded about the solution in which the cell has been placed?

The contents of the small intestine have a basic pH. When gastric protease enters the small intestine, the activity of this enzyme will most likely

Which of the following is an important difference between light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is to chloroplast as cellular respiration is to ____.

After a virus infects a cell, which cell activity is directly involved in viral reproduction?

Enzymes belong to the macromolecule group _____. (pg. 52)

The series of diagrams below represents a process carried out by a unicellular organism. (pg. 212-213)

Based on their names, you know that the baboons Papio ammubis and Papio cynocephalus do NOT belong to the same (pg. 512)

All organisms in the kingdoms Protista, Plantae, Fungi and Animalia are (pg. 524-528)

In the diagram below, the numbers measured in refer to _____

The pyramid of biological magnification is different from the pyramids of energy, biomass, and numbers because it depicts ____.

An amoeba in a pond engulfs and consumes a paramecium. The amoeba uses which of the following to quickly

break down the organic molecules in the paramecium?

Muscle cells use more energy than skin cells. Which organelle would be found in large numbers in muscle cells? (pg. 202)

Dogs (Canis familiaris) are most closely related genetically to which of the following organisms?

You have a unicellular heterotrophy eukaryote under your microscope. To which kingdom does it belong?

Which change would most likely reduce the rate at which carbon dioxide is increasing in the atmosphere? (pg. 82-83)

Object Chemical Composition

W chlorine, sodium

X oxygen, silicon

Y carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen

Z aluminum, silicon, oxygen, hydrogen

Based on the chemical analysis, which object is most likely from the exoskeleton? (pg. 79)

In a cladogram, what does the appearance of a derived character tell you? (pg. 518)

What characteristic applies to all members of the kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia but not to members of the other kingdoms? (pg. 524-528)

Which organelle would you find in plant cells ONLY?

Which sequence shows the increasing complexity of levels of organization in multicellular organisms?

A student squeezes a clothespin as rapidly as possible for one minute. Without stopping to rest, the student continues to squeeze the clothespin for a second minute. At the end of the second minute, the student’s fingers and hand feel very cramped and tired. The physical tiredness and cramping in the muscles in the student’s hand were most likely due to the increased production of ____.

Why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration often considered opposites?

Students are observing primary succession in an area that has just experienced a volcanic eruption. The students formulated several hypotheses. Which of the following hypothesis will probably be supported by evidence?

Pepsin is an enzyme that helps break apart proteins in the stomach. Why might pepsin work poorly after it moves from the stomach to the small intestine?

When comparing the reactants and products of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, which statement is true?

Which of the following lists includes all the kingdoms with autotrophic organisms? (pg. 524-528)

The largest division that a group of organisms can belong to is a

Which of the following foods listed is an example of a polysaccharide?

Steroids are an important example of ____.

What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll found? (pg. 231)

When compared to the process of photosynthesis, cellular respiration produces more

1 ATP

2 CO2

3 O2

A field on which corn was grown for many years is abandoned. How will the species diversity of the field most likely change over time as a result of ecological succession

A severe wildfire has been reported in a densely forested region of the state. The forest ecosystem sustained extensive damage; for much of the forest, only soil and charred remnants of the once towering trees remain. What predictions can you make about how the ecosystem will change over time?

Which of the following statements about an isotonic solution and a cell is correct? (pg. 210-211)

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration alike?

A keystone species is a species that is not usually abundant in a community yet has a strong impact on the structure of the community. In one coastal community, mangroves are keystone species. The roots of these trees provide food and shelter for many organisms, and keep sand, mud, and organic matter in place, preventing soil erosion and local flooding. Which of the following environmental changes would have the greatest impact on the coastal community?

The enzyme amylase will affect the breakdown of carbohydrates, but it will not affect the breakdown of proteins. The ability of an enzyme molecule to interact with specific molecules is most directly determined by the

Proteins and polysaccharides are polymers. These polymers are formed by dehydration synthesis. Which

statement correctly identifies a difference in the structure of proteins and polysaccharides?

Bees fly from flower to flower to gather nectar. In the process, they help the plants reproduce by spreading pollen. The relationship between bees and flowering plants is an example of (pg. 100-101)

Which of the following best describes the difference between the products and reactants of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

A wildlife preserve reports that its population of red foxes has increased while the coyote population has decreased. Which relationship between foxes and coyotes would help explain this observation?

A biological supply company is advertising the synthesis of a new compound. Scientists note that when the compound is added to a particular chemical reaction, the reaction rate increases dramatically. The compound is likely a

An enzyme’s active site that loses it proper shape is considered

Which of the following affects the rate of photosynthesis?

Acetylcholine is an important chemical signal in the nervous system. Once acetylcholine is released, it is

quickly broken down into other chemicals because of the activity of cholinesterase. Cholinesterase is which

of the following?

What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration? (pg. 251)

What is the correct equation for photosynthesis?

Which process is used to produce beer and wine?

what is an enzyme?

what are the eight taxonomic categories in order from broadest to most specific.