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2021 Midterm Review

Total questions: 110

Worksheet time: 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A characteristic that a parent can pass to their offspring

a)

phenotype

b)

trait

c)

genotype

d)

gene

2.

Not all alleles are dominant or recessive. What is it called when more than two alleles code for a particular trait?

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

c)

multiple alleles

d)

polygenic

3.

Not all alleles are dominant or recessive. What is the term used when both alleles show up? (a brown cow is crossed with a black cow and the offspring is brown and black)

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

c)

multiple alleles

d)

polygenic inheritance

4.

Not all alleles are dominant or recessive. What is the term used when the alleles blend? (red flower is crossed with a white flower and the offspring is pink)

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

c)

multiple alleles

d)

polygenic inheritance

5.

A(n) ______ is the form of a gene that is hidden when the dominant allele is present.

a)

allele

b)

dominant allele

c)

recessive allele

d)

genotype

6.

Genetics is the:

a)

study of pea plants

b)

study of heredity

c)

phenotype of an organism

d)

a characteristic that can be passed on

7.

An organism's genotype describes:

a)

the form of a trait it displays

b)

its physical characteristics

c)

the way it looks

d)

the alleles of the gene it contains

8.

A _____ is a unit that determines traits

a)

chromosome

b)

gene

c)

allele

d)

DNA

9.

For each trait, pea plants contain two forms of the same gene. These different forms of the same gene are called:

a)

alleles

b)

genotypes

c)

chromosomes

d)

all of the above

10.

_______________________ is another term used to describe homozygous alleles.

a)

hybrid

b)

heterozygous

c)

purebred

d)

all of the above

11.

If a green seed (yy) is crossed with another green seed (yy) what can you predict about the offspring?

a)

the phenotype will be green

b)

the genotype will be yy

c)

the recessive trait will show

d)

all of the above

12.

If a purebred (homozygous dominant) red plant is crossed with a purebred (homozygous recessive) white flowered plant, the possible phenotype of the first generation of peas are:

a)

100% white

b)

100% red

c)

50% red and 50% white

d)

75% red and 25% white

13.

What is a purebred plant?

a)

a plant that never produces offspring with the same form of a trait when it self-pollinates

b)

a plant that has been pollinated by human influence

c)

a plant that will always produce offspring with the same form of a trait when it self-pollinates

d)

a plant that will always produce offspring with a different form of a trait when it self pollinates

14.

A _____ is the form of a gene that, when present, covers up the appearance of the ______.

a)

recessive allele, dominant allele

b)

dominant allele, recessive allele

c)

genotype, phenotype

d)

phenotype, genotype

15.

An organism's genotype describes:

a)

the form of a trait it displays

b)

its physical characteristics

c)

the way it behaves

d)

the alleles of the gene it contains

16.

If a pea plant contains a recessive allele for wrinkled seeds and a dominant allele for smooth seeds, the organism's phenotype must be:

a)

smooth seeds

b)

wrinkled seeds

c)

half of the seeds are smooth and half are wrinkled

d)

not really smooth or wrinkled seeds, a mixture of both traits

17.

A punnett square is helpful in predicting:

a)

only genotypes of offspring

b)

only phenotypes of offspring

c)

both the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring

d)

none of the above

18.

If a round seed pea plant (RR) is crossed with a round seed pea plant (Rr). What are the possible genotypes for seed shape in the cross?

a)

RR, rr

b)

Rr, Rr, RR,

c)

RR, Rr, rr

d)

RR, Rr

19.

If a human with free earlobes (FF), and a human with attached earlobes (ff) mate. What are the possible phenotype(s) of the offspring?

a)

The offspring will either have attached earlobes or free earlobes

b)

The offspring will have attached earlobes

c)

The offspring will have free earlobes

d)

None of the above

20.

A purple flower with genotype PP is crossed with another purple flower with genotype Pp. What phenotype or phenotypes will occur?

a)

white or purple

b)

purple

c)

white

d)

Pp, PP, PP, PP

21.

Yellow seeds are determined by the dominant allele (Y), while green seeds are determined by the recessive allele (y). A cross pollination occurs between a yellow seeded plant and a green seeded plant. The offspring had yellow seeds. What is the possible genotype of the offspring?

a)

YY

b)

yy

c)

Yy

d)

Need more information to determine the genotype

22.

The X and Y chromosomes in humans are called:

a)

multiple alleles

b)

polygenic traits

c)

sex chromosomes

d)

codominance

23.

Which pair of chromosomes would produce a male offspring?

a)

XX

b)

XY

c)

XO

d)

AB

24.

Which pair of chromosomes would produce a female offspring?

a)

XX

b)

XY

c)

XO

d)

AB

25.

A ____ is an abnormal condition that an organism inherits

a)

mutation

b)

genetic disorder

c)

disease

d)

alteration

26.

A ____ is a change in the heredity material of an organism

a)

mutation

b)

genetic disorder

c)

disease

d)

alteration

27.

The order of the base pairs along a gene is important because:

a)

an organism can only survive if the base pairs are in the correct sequence

b)

it forms a code that tells a cell which protein to make

c)

it forms a code that tells a cell how to reproduce

d)

None of the above: the order of base pairs doesn't match

28.

DNA fingerprinting allows scientists, investigators and police officers to:

a)

predict traits of future generations

b)

identify individuals

c)

predict traits of a fetus before birth

d)

transfer genes from one organism into the DNA of another organisms

29.

One side of DNA ladder has the base pairs in the following order: ATCGGTTCCA. What is the order of base pairs on the other side of the DNA ladder?

a)

CGATTGGAAC

b)

ATCGGTTCCA

c)

GCTAACCTTG

d)

TAGCCAAGGT

30.

Predict what happens if cells are missing ribosomes

a)

reproduction cannot occur

b)

proteins cannot be assembled

c)

the information from the DNA in the nucleus is not delivered to the cytoplasm

d)

the base sequence from the nucleus cannot be decoded

31.

The process of selecting organisms such as turkeys with desired traits to serve as parents for the next generation is referred to as:

a)

genetic engineering

b)

artificial selection

c)

gene mutations

d)

selective breeding

32.

How many Kingdoms of Life are there?

a)

Five

b)

Six

c)

Seven

d)

Ten

33.

Which of the following is NOT one of the Kingdoms of Life

a)

Bacteria

b)

Protista

c)

Plantae

d)

Fungi

34.

Scientists believe this is the oldest Kingdom.

a)

Archaebacteria

b)

Bacteria

c)

Eubacteria

d)

Protista

35.

Yeast is an example of an organism from Kingdom __________.

a)

Bacteria

b)

Protista

c)

Fungi

d)

Eubacteria

36.

All bacteria cells are__________.

a)

Prokaryotes

b)

Eukaryotes

37.

__________ are organisms that eat other organisms to obtain energy.

a)

Carnivores

b)

Heterotrophs

c)

Autotrophs

d)

Omnivores

38.

Name the Kingdom: Eukaryotic, multi-cellular, all are producers.

a)

Protista

b)

Fungi

c)

Animalia

d)

Plantae

39.

Name the Kingdom: Prokaryotic, unicellular, likes salt, heat, and methane

a)

Archaebacteria

b)

Eubacteria

c)

Protista

d)

Fungi

40.

Name the Kingdom: E.coli, Strep, Staph

a)

Archaebacteria

b)

Eubacteria

c)

Protista

d)

Fungi

41.

Who is credited with being the father of classification?

a)

Hooke

b)

Darwin

c)

Bill Nye

d)

Linneaus

42.

This kingdom contains chemical autotrophs.

a)

Archaebacteria

b)

Bacteria

c)

Eubacteria

d)

Protista

43.

Name the Kingdom: Prokaryotic, unicellular, producers, consumers, decomposers

a)

Archaebacteria

b)

Eubacteria

c)

Protista

d)

Bacteria

44.

Everyone in this kingdom is a decomposer.

a)

Archaebacteria

b)

Eubacteria

c)

Protista

d)

Fungi

45.

__________ is an example of a BIOTIC factor.

a)

Sun

b)

Dead Tree

c)

Soil

d)

Water

46.

What is the science of classification called?

a)

Binomial Nomenclature

b)

Taxonomy

c)

Sorting

d)

Classification

47.

What is the two-name naming system used by scientists to classify organisms?

a)

Taxonomy

b)

Linneaus

c)

Binomial nomenclature

d)

Classification

48.

Which scientific name is written correctly?

a)

Felis Domesticus

b)

Felis domesticus (underlined or in italics)

c)

Felis domesticus

d)

FELIS domesticus

49.

Two organisms that are in the same order are also in the same __________.

a)

Genus

b)

Class

c)

species

d)

Family

50.

Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis are called __________.

a)

Producers

b)

Decomposers

c)

Chemical Autotrophs

d)

Consumers

51.

Scientists classify viruses as:

a)

Living

b)

Non-living

52.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living things?

a)

Use energy

b)

Breathe in oxygen

c)

Grow and develop

d)

Made of cells

53.

Which is correct from most broad to most specific?

a)

Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom

b)

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species

c)

Kingdom, Family, Phylum, Order, Genus, Species, Class,

d)

Kingdom, Class, Order, Phylum, Family, Species, Genus

54.

Which list below describes protists?

a)

Prokaryotic, unicellular, likes salt, heat, and methane (extreme environments)

b)

Plant-like, Animal-like, Fungi-like Producers, consumers, decomposers, unicellular organisms, multi-cellular organisms. Live in watery environments.

c)

Eukaryotic, multi-cellular, all are producers

d)

Prokaryotic, unicellular, producers, consumers, decomposers, live everywhere

55.

An organism is MOST closely related to another organism that is in the same __________.

a)

genus, but a different species.

b)

family, but a different genus.

c)

kingdom, but a different phylum.

d)

class, but a different order.

56.

Which list shows examples of protists?

a)

Homo sapiens, mosquitoes, crayfish

b)

Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, Slime mold

c)

Oak Tree, crab grass, vines

57.

What is the nickname for Kingdom Protista?

a)

Cabinet Kingdom

b)

Extreme Kingdom

c)

Decomposer Kingdom

d)

The Junk Drawer Kingdom

58.

What two levels make up the scientific name?

a)

Kingdom and phylum

b)

Genus and species

c)

Class and order

d)

Family and species

59.

An organism is MOST closely related to another organism that is in the same

a)

family, but a different genus.

b)

class, but a different order.

c)

kingdom, but a different phylum

d)

genus, but a different species.

60.

What is a good entry to put on a dichotomous key?

a)

Leaf is soft

b)

Leaf is big

c)

Leaf is ugly

d)

Leaf has thorns

61.
What is the purpose of a dichotomous key?
a)
to find a common ancestor
b)
to show the evolution of organisms
c)
to show relationships between organisms
d)
to identify organisms
62.
From the table, which two animals are MOST CLOSELY related
a)
House Cate and Red Fox
b)
Red Fox and Dog
c)
Dog and Wolf
d)
Wolf and Gopher
63.
A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?
a)
Juniper
b)
Pine
c)
Spruce
d)
Fir
64.
What step do we always start with when using dichotomous keys?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
65.
An illustration and a dichotomous key are given. What is the correct classification for this organism?
a)
Class Insecta
b)
Order Amblygygi
c)
Order Araneae
d)
Order Scorpiones
66.
Using this dichotomous key, identify the name of the circled Fish, J.
a)
peacock flounder
b)
band-tail puffer
c)
trumpet fish
d)
spotted goat fish
67.

How many options should every branch in a dichotomous key have?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

68.
This organelle is a gel-like fluid that takes up most of the space inside the cell. 
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Vacuole
d)
Golgi Body
69.
What is another name for glucose?
a)
Chlorophyll
b)
Chloroplasts
c)
Stomata
d)
Sugar
70.
What is the structure labeled #5?
a)
Vacuole
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Lysosome
71.
What is the function of the chloroplast?
a)
site of digestive enzymes
b)
site of ATP (energy) production
c)
site of photosynthesis
d)
site of protein production
72.
What is the function of the vacuole?
a)
to control the activities within the cell
b)
to package and ship cellular materials
c)
to store water and nutrients 
d)
to control the materials that pass into and out of the cell
73.
This is a ____.
a)
Golgi body
b)
plasma membrane
c)
lysosome
d)
cell wall
74.
Which of the following is necessary for photosynthesis?
a)
Sunlight
b)
Glucose
c)
Oxygen
d)
Soil
75.
Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis?
a)
Water
b)
Sunlight
c)
Glucose
d)
Carbon dioxide
76.
The process where only water is allowed to pass through the cell membrane from a high to low concentration.
a)
meiosis
b)
respiration
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
77.
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
a)
Osmosis
b)
Respiration
c)
Diffusion
d)
Active Transport
78.
Cells use energy to move materials across a membrane (low to high concentration).
a)
Active transport
b)
Passive transport
c)
Diffusion
d)
Osmosis
79.
When the concentration of particles inside of a cell is the same as the concentration of particles outside of the cell. 
a)
active transport
b)
concentration
c)
diffusion
d)
equilibrium
80.

Which of the following is produced during the process of cellular respiration?

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

sodium chloride

c)

oxygen

d)

sugar

81.

What is the structure labeled 1?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Nucleus

82.

What is the structure labeled #5?

a)

Endoplasmic reticulum

b)

Nucleus

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Cell Wall

83.

What structure is in plant cells but not animal cells?

a)

Vacuole

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Cell Wall

84.

What are the two types of cell transport?

a)

Passive and Active

b)

Active and Facilitated

c)

Passive and Facilitated

d)

None of the above

85.

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

a)

active transport

b)

osmosis

c)

diffusion

d)

random movement

86.

The movement of materials from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration would require...

a)

glucose

b)

energy (ATP)

c)

fish

d)

chips

87.

The reactants in photosynthesis are ____________

a)

Sunlight, Water, and Carbon Dioxide

b)

Glucose and Water

c)

Carbon Dioxide and Water

d)

Oxygen and Glucose

88.

Which of these structures surround cells?

a)

A. cell wall and nucleus

b)

B. cell membrane and cell wall

c)

C. cytoplasm and cytoskeleton

d)

D. cell membrane and cytoplasm

89.

These organelles in plants capture light energy and store it in glucose molecules to be used as food (Photosynthesis).

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Vacuoles

90.

holds materials like water and is very large in a plant cell

a)

nucleus

b)

golgi body

c)

chloroplast

d)

(central) vacuole

91.

Mitochondria are found...

a)

In plant cells only

b)

In animal cells only

c)

In protists only

d)

In plant and animal cells

92.

What are the products of Photosynthesis?

a)

Glucose and Oxygen

b)

Water and Carbon Dioxide

c)

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

d)

ATP and Glucose

93.

What organelle is used in cellular respiration?

a)

Cholorplast

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Nucleus

d)

Cell Membrane

94.

How does glucose enter our bodies?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Food

c)

Water

d)

Carbon Dioxide

95.

Human body cells contain _________________ chromosomes.

a)

23

b)

46

c)

8

d)

24

96.

Human sex cells contain _________________ chromosomes.

a)

16

b)

32

c)

23

d)

46

97.

__________________ is the phase of mitosis where the chromosomes are lined up along the equator or middle of the cell.

a)

anaphase

b)

telophase

c)

metaphase

d)

prophase

98.

Chromosomes are organized structures of ___________________.

a)

ATP

b)

DNA

c)

ADP

d)

MLS

99.

Once mitosis is complete, the splitting of the cytoplasm into two cells is called_____________.

a)

cellular fission

b)

cellular fusion

c)

cytokinesis

d)

interphase

100.

_________________ is the stage after interphase when sex cells (egg and sperm) are produced.

a)

prophase

b)

mitosis

c)

meiosis

d)

anaphase

101.

__________________ is the stage after interphase when body cells are being produced.

a)

prophase

b)

mitosis

c)

meiosis

d)

telophase

102.

At the end of telophase, two _____________ are produced.

a)

body cells

b)

sex cells

c)

nuclei

d)

blood cells

103.

At the end of the cell cycle that includes meiosis, _________________ daughter cells are produced.

a)

2

b)

4

c)

6

d)

8

104.

At the end of the cell cycle involving mitosis, ________________ daughter cells are produced.

a)

2

b)

4

c)

6

d)

8

105.

Cell division makes more cells.

a)

True

b)

False

106.

What is the job of the golgi body?

a)

Near the cell membrane, transports things within and out of the cell

b)

Has ribosomes

c)

Makes DNA

d)

By the nucleus, transports things only inside the cell

107.

What is the job of the Endoplasmic Reticulum?

a)

Near the cell membrane, transports things within and out of the cell

b)

Has ribosomes

c)

Makes DNA

d)

By the nucleus, transports things only inside the cell

108.

A process in which cells surround and engulf LARGE substances to enter the cell is known as...

a)

Pinocytosis

b)

Phagocytosis

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Receptor-mediated

109.

What does the following equation represent?

Sunlight +water +carbon dioxide--> glucose + oxygen

a)

Cellular respiration

b)

Human respiration

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Solar energy

110.

glucose + oxygen ---> water + carbon dioxide + Energy (ATP)

This equation represents ___________________.

a)

Human Respiration

b)

Cellular Respiration

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Photosynthesis

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