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Ch. 0 Scientific Investigation: Chapter Study Guide

Total questions: 114

Worksheet time: 2hrs 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The scientific method is used in everyday life to acquire/get information.
a)
True
b)
False
2.
A fair and valid experiment contains:
a)
independent variable
b)
dependent variable
c)
controlled variables (controls)
d)
All of the above
3.
Scientist and other people start with questions and observations that may come from:
a)
Curiosity, skepticism, open-mindedness, and creativity
b)
Practical problems (flooding issue in a coastal area)
c)
New technology (3-D printers)
d)
All of the above
4.
Which is an example of qualitative data?
a)
The girl has brown hair.
b)
The girl's hair is 50 centimeters long.
c)
The girl is 95 centimeters tall.
d)
The girl weighs 140 lbs
5.
Which is an example of quantitative data?
a)
The boy did a lot of push-ups
b)
The boy has blonde hair.
c)
The boy weighs 140 pounds.
d)
The boy has green eyes.
6.
Why is peer review important?
a)
Scientists need to stay busy to do their best work.
b)
Publishing peer-reviewed articles in scientific journals allows researchers to share ideas and to test and evaluate each other’s work.
c)
Scientists do not do peer review.
d)
They want to make sure that only they are right.
7.
You use your five senses to describe something
a)
observation
b)
prediction
c)
experiment
d)
conclusion
8.
The factor in an experiment that will be changed. 
a)
dependent variable
b)
independent variable
c)
controlled variable
d)
inferences 
9.
The summary at the end of an experiment that explains the results, and referrers to the hypothesis using data. 
a)
conclusion
b)
procedures
c)
materials
d)
responding variable
10.
This part of the experiment serves as a basis of comparison; the one variable being tested has been omitted. (not changed)
a)
experimental group
b)
control group
c)
data
d)
variables
11.
A series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or answer a question. 
a)
scientific method
b)
recipe
c)
data collection
d)
metric system
12.
Things that stay the same throughout the whole experiment are called
a)
controls
b)
conclusions
c)
independent variables
d)
constants
13.
The name of the information that you get from your experiment (you organize it into charts and graphs).
a)
observations
conclusion
b)
data
c)
variables
d)
hypothesis
14.
A hypothesis is simply a prediction that has not yet been _.
a)
proven or disproven
b)
made into a theory
c)
results calculated
d)
written about
15.
The factors in an experiment that can be changed. 
a)
variables
b)
quantitative data
c)
hypothesis
d)
steps
16.
This variable is the actual data collected during the experiment. 
a)
independent variable
b)
dependent variable
c)
control group
d)
data group
17.
What is the SI base unit for volume?
a)
gram
b)
meter
c)
liter
d)
foot
18.
What is the SI unit for temperature?
a)
Celsius
b)
Fahrenheit
c)
liter
d)
thermometer
19.
1 meter = _______ cm
a)
1
b)
1,000
c)
100
d)
400
20.
15.6 L = ___________ mL
a)
15,600
b)
156,000
c)
1,560,000
d)
15,600,000
21.
Scientific theories are based on
a)
general assumptions of how systems work.
b)
mathematical principles that can be proven true.
c)
large amounts of data collected over time.
d)
observations from within only one scientific discipline.
22.
What is a law?
a)
Describes what happens
b)
Explains a process
23.
What is a theory?
a)
Describes what happens
b)
Explains a process
24.

What is it called when we collect information using our senses?

a)

observation

b)

inference

25.
How would you write 4.3756 x 104 in standard form?
a)
437,560,000
b)
0.00043756
c)
43,756
d)
4,3756
26.

How would you write 0.0005 in scientific notation?

a)

50 x 10-5

b)

5 x 10-4

c)

5 x 103

d)

.5 x 103

27.
A hypothesis must be:
 
a)
proven correct
b)
 testable
c)
 observed
d)
 experimental
28.

Which step refers to collecting data by doing an experiment?

a)

Research

b)

Test the Hypothesis

c)

Conclusion

d)

Analyze data

29.

What is a good place to research?

a)

Ask my pet dog

b)

Instagram

c)

The internet (with credible sources!)

d)

My 2nd grade cousin

30.

Gathering information and learning everything you can about the topic.

a)

Research

b)

Hypothesis

c)

Conclusion

d)

Analysis

31.

Which of the following would make a good PROBLEM?

a)

How many students in our science class have blue eyes?

b)

15 students have blue eyes.

c)

Every dog in the whole universe has blue eyes.

32.

During which step would you graph your data?

a)

Conclusion

b)

Problem

c)

Hypothesis

d)

Analyze Data

33.

Observations often lead to questions or problems.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

34.

Scientific Inquiry has 6 steps.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

35.
You are doing an experiment recording the growth of plants under different amounts of sunlight. What is the dependent variable?
a)
The sunlight
b)
The growth
c)
The experiment
d)
The amounts of photons
36.
"Ice will melt faster in salt water.", would make a good
a)
Hypothesis
b)
Question
c)
Analysis
d)
Conclusion
37.
How many manipulated variables does an experiment have?
a)
0
b)
1
c)
between 1 and 5
d)
as many as needed
38.
If plants are exposed to sunlight, then they will grow taller.
What part of the scientific method is this an example of?
a)
Procedure
b)
Hypothesis
c)
Question
d)
Results
39.
Which scientific instrument would best be used to measure a small distance?
a)
Ruler
b)
Stopwatch
c)
Balance
d)
Pipette
40.

Why do scientists conduct experiments?

a)

To make a lot of money.

b)

To ask a question.

c)

To make a hypothesis.

d)

To prove a prediction is correct.

41.

Graphing data can help you recognize

a)

predictions

b)

patterns

c)

inferences

d)

bias

42.
What is a study where only one variable is manipulated at a time?
a)
Control Variable 
b)
Controlled Experiment
c)
Operational Definition 
d)
Dependent Variable
43.
What is the proper hypothesis format?
a)
"If..... because..... then"
b)
"If..... than..... because"
c)
"If..... then..... because"
d)
"If..... because..... than"
44.

Facts, figures, and other evidence gathered through observations that includes NUMBERS

a)

Analyze

b)

Quantitative data

c)

Observation

d)

Conclusion

45.
A tool used to measure the weight of objects to the nearest gram is 
a)
a thermometer
b)
a graduated cylinder
c)
a triple beam scale
d)
a compass
46.
This bullseye demonstrates...
a)
High Accuracy & High Precision
b)
High Accuracy & Low Precision
c)
Low Accuracy & High Precision
d)
Low Accuracy & Low Precision
47.
?
a)
High Accuracy & High Precision
b)
High Accuracy & Low Precision
c)
Low Accuracy & High Precision
d)
Low Accuracy & Low Precision
48.
The students measured length during a science experiement, they got 12 cm. But the actual measurement was 14.25 cm. What was the percent error?
a)
15.79%
b)
18.75%
c)
2.25%
d)
18%
49.
Describe the accuracy and precision of the image
a)
Accurate and Precise
b)
Accurate and not precise
c)
Not Accurate and Precise
d)
not accurate and not precise
50.
Jessie estimates the weight of her cat to be 8 pounds.  The actual weight of the cat was 10 pounds.  Find the percent error.  
a)
15%
b)
20%
c)
25%
d)
30%
51.
This image is an example of...
a)
precision ONLY
b)
accuracy ONLY
c)
BOTH precision and accuracy
d)
NEITHER precision and accuracy 
52.
How many sig figs are in 0.0045670?
a)
8
b)
4
c)
5
d)
7
53.
How many sig figs are in 730?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
54.
Identify the primary function of the lab equipment seen in the image.
a)
Transfer small amounts of liquid
b)
Transfer large amounts of liquid
c)
Measure liquid volume
d)
Mixing liquid chemicals
55.
Identify the piece of lab equipment seen in the image.
a)
Microviewer
b)
Dissecting Scope
c)
Microscope
d)
Electron Imager
56.

What is used to measure, heat, and mix large amounts of liquids?

a)

Beaker

b)

Flask

c)

Test Tube

d)

Graduated Cylinder

57.
What is used to measure the volume of liquids more precisely in milliliters?
a)
Beaker
b)
Flask
c)
Graduated Cylinder
d)
Test tubes
58.
What is used to measure time?
a)
Stopwatch/timer
b)
Thermometer
c)
Meter stick
d)
Test tube clamp
59.

What is used to measure force?

a)

Triple Beam Balance

b)

Electronic Scale

c)

Graduated Cylinder

d)

Spring Scale

60.

What is used to measure temperature?

a)

Triple Beam Balance

b)

Graduated Cylinder

c)

Stopwatch

d)

Thermometer

61.
If the exponent on your power of 10 is positive, is your number larger or smaller than 10?
a)
Larger
b)
Smaller
62.
7.82 x 10-6 is an example of scientific notation. The exponent of -6 tells you your number will be very ________.
a)
Large
b)
Small
c)
Basic
63.
Change from standard form to scientific notation: 12,000,000
a)
12.0  x  107
b)
0.12  x  107
c)
1.2  x  106
d)
1.2  x  107
64.
Change from standard form to scientific notation:  0.000398
a)
39.8  x  10-5
b)
3.98  x  10-5
c)
3.98  x  10-4
d)
39.8  x  10-6
65.
Try to change the number back to standard form:  6.79  x  104
a)
679,000
b)
6,790
c)
67,900
d)
6,790,000
66.
The rule of scientific notation is to write all exponents with a base of ____.
a)
50
b)
5
c)
100
d)
10
67.
Which of the following in the LARGEST number?
a)
9 x 106
b)
8 x 1010
c)
1.3 x 1012
d)
5.3 x 103
68.

What is 4cm in mm?

a)

0.4

b)

4

c)

400

d)

40

69.
1 meter = _______ cm
a)
1
b)
1,000
c)
100
d)
400
70.
180m = ___dm
a)
8
b)
18,000
c)
1,800
d)
18
71.

190 km = ___m

a)

190

b)

190,000

c)

19

d)

19,000

72.
42 L = ___mL
a)
4,200
b)
.0042
c)
4.20
d)
42,000
73.
Is 20 g greater than, less than, or equal to 2 kg?
a)
greater than
b)
less than
c)
equal to
74.
When going from a larger unit to a smaller unit ...
a)
Someone was eating healthy
b)
Multiply
c)
Divide
d)
Times 10
75.
When going from a smaller unit to a larger unit ...
a)
There must of been protein involved
b)
Multiply
c)
Divide
d)
Times 10
76.
The attendance for the basketball game was estimated to be 15,000 people but 12,500 people attended. What was the percent error?
a)
16.67%
b)
20%
c)
2500%
d)
80%
77.

The students measured length during a science experiment, they got 12 cm. But the actual measurement was 14.25 cm. What was the percent error?

a)

15.79%

b)

18.75%

c)

2.25%

d)

18%

78.

The deer population is estimated to be 17,600 in northern Illinois, but an actual count was 21,300. What is the percent error?

a)

21%

b)

17.37%

c)

17.4%

d)

21.02%

79.
Jessie estimates the weight of her cat to be 8 pounds.  The actual weight of the cat was 10 pounds.  Find the percent error.  
a)
15%
b)
20%
c)
25%
d)
30%
80.

Which zero's never count for significant figures?

a)

Leading Zero's

b)

Trailing Zero's

c)

Captive Zero's

d)

All the Zero's

81.

List three ways scientists can prevent bias during investigations.

4 lines
82.

By measuring the weight of a car the scientist are measuring

a)

quantitative data

b)

dependent variable

c)

independent variable

d)

qualitative data

83.

It is sunny outside is an example of a (n)

a)

Hypothesis

b)

observation

c)

independent variable

d)

inference

84.

Looking at the data: which is the dependent Variable?

a)

2.1

b)

China

c)

CO2 emissions per person (metric tons)

d)

Joe

85.

Looking at the data: which is the Independent Variable?

a)

2.1

b)

China

c)

CO2 emissions per person (metric tons)

d)

Joe

86.

12 people, 4 male, 8 female...is what kind of data?

a)

hypothesized data

b)

qualitative data

c)

quantitative data

d)

analyzed data

87.

Reorder the following:

a)

Observation

b)

Hypothesis

c)

Experiment

d)

Data Analysis

e)

Conclusion

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
88.

Explain why a scientist should welcome scientific data that contradicts a part of the theory of biological evolution.

4 lines
89.

What are the constant variables?

a)

what we are changing or testing

b)

what we are observing or measuring

c)

what we keep the same to make the experiment fair

90.

You are testing how the amount you water a plant affects its growth. What would be the INDEPENDENT VARIABLE in this experiment.

a)

They type of pot you put the plants in.

b)

The amount you water each plant.

c)

The amount of sunlight the plants get.

d)

The amount the plant grows.

91.

What is the DEPENDENT variable (effect) in this experiment?


"Does eating breakfast improve test scores?"

a)

eating breakfast or not

b)

the grade you got on the test

c)

what time you get up in the morning

d)

how tasty the breakfast is

92.

 

At one point in time, many people thought disease was caused by fate or by incorrect behavior. Following the invention of the microscope, bacteria were discovered. After this, a new theory of what causes disease arose that was known as the germ theory.  Why was the original theory modified? 

a)

It quickly became obvious that germs cause disease.

b)

The person who invented the microscope became ill.

c)

New evidence prompted revision to the original ideas.

d)

The original theory was modified due to heavy political influence.

93.

To reveal trends in data, the data should be presented in a(an) _.

a)

hypothesis

b)

operational definition

c)

graph

94.

A _ is a visual display of information or data.

a)

graph

b)

picture

c)

diagram

95.
observations and measurements recorded during an experiment. 
a)
results
b)
data
c)
procedures
d)
materials
96.
law
a)
a well tested explanation for a wide variety of observations and experimental results. 
b)
is a statement about an observed phenomenon or a unifying concept
c)
proposed explanation or answer to a scientific question.
d)
condition that is controlled so that it does not change during an experiment.
97.
theory
a)
process that test a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions. 
b)
proposed explanation or answer to a scientific question.
c)
is a statement about an observed phenomenon or a unifying concept
d)
a well tested explanation for a wide variety of observations and experimental results. 
98.

The table below summarizes the effect of commercial fishing on a local Atlantic cod population over an 9-year period. Based on the data in the table, which conclusion is valid?

a)

The number of fishing boats has les effect on the local cod population than pollution

b)

More fishing boats make the cod population estimates more accurate

c)

An increase in fishing boats has had a negative impact on cod population growth

d)

An increase in fishing boats has had a positive impact on cod population growth

99.

What is peer review?

a)

Sharing the results of your experiment with others so they can examine and validate your conclusion

b)

Asking your friends for help conducting an experiment

c)

Polling random people to see if they agree with your experiment or not

d)

None of the above

100.

What is the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

a)

A scientific law explains what happens, while a scientific theory explains why something happens

b)

A scientific law explains why something happens, while a scientific theory explains what happens

c)

Both scientific theories and scientific laws explain what happens

d)

Both scientific theories and scientific laws explain why something happens

101.

Science is measured in ________ units.

a)

standard

b)

universal

c)

metric

d)

kelvin

102.
2.5 cm = ___ mm
a)
0.025 mm
b)
0.25 mm
c)
25 mm
d)
250 mm
103.
1 L = __ mL
a)
1 mL
b)
10 mL
c)
100 mL
d)
1000 mL
104.
2.5 cm = ___ mm
a)
0.025 mm
b)
0.25 mm
c)
25 mm
d)
250 mm
105.
2.5 cm = ___ m
a)
0.025 m
b)
0.25 m
c)
25 m
d)
250 m
106.
Which is the most accurate definition for "Data"?
a)
Numbers gathered through observation and experiments.
b)
Information gathered through observation and experiments.
c)
Numbers.
d)
Important stuff written in a science journal.
107.
The typical peer-reviewed article follows the scientific method. The description of how the experiment was set up would be described in which section?
a)
materials and methods
b)
introduction
c)
results
d)
discussion
108.
Which of the following is an appropriate scientific hypothesis for the relationship between plant growth and light?
a)
As light wavelength increases, plants will grow more quickly
b)
Plants will grow better in higher quality light
c)
When plants grow, they must have access to light
d)
Different species of plants grow to different heights
109.

This explains WHY natural phenomenon occur:

a)

Scientific Law

b)

Scientific Theory

c)

Constant Theory

d)

Experimental Law

110.

In an experiment, this is the group used for comparison.

a)

variable group

b)

hypothesis group

c)

experimental group

d)

control group

111.

12 people, 4 male, 8 female...is what kind of data?

a)

hypothesized data

b)

qualitative data

c)

quantitative data

d)

analyzed data

112.

Looking at the data: which is the Independent Variable?

a)

2.1

b)

China

c)

CO2 emissions per person (metric tons)

d)

Joe

113.

Looking at the data: which is the dependent Variable?

a)

2.1

b)

China

c)

CO2 emissions per person (metric tons)

d)

Joe

114.

You are testing to see if students learn better in a warmer or colder classroom. You have the same class They read a chapter and take a test in a room 67 degrees. The next day They read the same chapter and take the same test in the room at 74 degrees. Identify the independent variable.

a)

Chapter

b)

temperature

c)

room

d)

test

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