The process in which soil particles and decaying organic matter accumulate in layers on the ground or at the bottom of large bodies of water, contributing to the formation of sedimentary rock

A factor that can change in an experiment

Speed in a given direction

Occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow over part of Earth

A measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.

Mass and distance

The combination of all forces acting on an object

Basic unit of matter

The blocking of sunlight to the moon that occurs when Earth is directly between the sun and the moon

Energy of motion

A force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact

Consisting of many cells

The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.

A rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity.

The principle that states matter cannot be created or destroyed in a closed system, atoms may only be rearranged (balanced chemical equations)

A change in a gene or chromosome.

Stored energy

Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.

A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction

A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses.

A mass of sinking cool air that usually bring fair weather.

One of the most important laws of science states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed. It can only be changed from one form to another

The death of every member of a species

The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure

A group of atoms bonded together

A cellular structure carrying genetic material, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins

A relative who lived in the past

A diagram for predicting the allele composition of offspring from a cross between individuals of known genetic makeup.

A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce

Process by which a single parent reproduces by itself

A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.

Describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait.

What are characteristics, or traits, acquired from our parents called?

Describes a trait that is covered over, or dominated, by another form of that trait and seems to disappear.

Change in velocity divided by the time it takes for the change to occur

A gas is produced, there is a color change, heat or light is given off, a change in odor, a solid precipitate forms

A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area

A pure substance made of only one kind of atom

The amount of water vapor in the air

Disturbances that can transfer energy without any kind of medium

Processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away (i.e. weathering, glaciation)

The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave

Organisms that require the same resources from the same habitat.

An organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms

The process of selecting a few organisms with desired traits to serve as parents of the next generation

huge collections of stars

Tissues are organized into:, group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions.

A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data

A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.

The unbalanced force acting on an object equals the objects mass times acceleration (net force = mass X acceleration, F=ma) equals Newton

Distance light travels in one year.

Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.

Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.

(microbiology) single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms lacking chlorophyll that reproduce by fission

Any difference between individuals of the same species.

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support

Part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere

Ribosomes, Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, Mitochondria, Lysosome, Centrosome, and Cell extensions

Each of the four divisions of the year (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) marked by particular weather patterns and daylight hours, resulting from the earth's changing position with regard to the sun.

A form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature - from hot to cold

Caused by uneven heating of Earth's surface; Occur within Earth's atmosphere and oceans. Produce wind and ocean currents.

An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.

The large slabs of rock that form Earth's surface, moving over a layer of partly molten rock

A value that does not change - these are all the things you keep the same in an experiment so you can test the variable

A natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment.

A cell characterized by the presence of a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotes can be unicellular (protists) or multicellular (fungi, plants and animals).

A group of similar cells that perform the same function.

Scientific study of heredity

A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet or moon.

An animal that hunts other animals for food

Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.

A device built to observe distant objects by making them appear closer

a high-speed high-altitude airstream blowing from west to east near the top of the troposphere

Shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane from volcanic activity

The curved path of a celestial object or spacecraft around a star, planet, or moon, esp. a periodic elliptical revolution

A technology that includes the process of manipulating or altering the genetic material of a cell resulting in desirable functions or outcomes that would not occur naturally.

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

An environmental factor that prevents a population from increasing

Distance traveled over time

An organism that can make its own food.

An organism that cannot make its own food.

An object at rest will stay at rest, an object that is moving will stay moving unless disturbed by an unbalanced force.

A thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell

The basic unit of structure and function in all living things

An oval shaped path, used to describe the shape of the Earth's orbit around the Sun

A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.

Assignment of objects or people to categories on the basis of shared characteristics.

Made of a single cell

(in green plant cells) A plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.

An organism in the earliest stage of development

Information about past life, including the structure of organisms, what they ate, what ate them, in what environment they lived, and the order in which they lived.

An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.

The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances

Cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use

Passing of traits from parents to offspring

The number of different species in an area

Process by which cells from two different parents unite to produce the first cell of a new organism.

The supercontinent that formed 300 million years ago and that began to break up 200 million years ago

Contain instructions for traits that are passed from parent to child

Cells that do not have a nucleus

Fast cell communication, sends impulses through nervous system

The number of individuals in a population

Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface.

A change in global or regional climate patterns, in particular a change apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.

A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.

A push or a pull

A mass of rising warm air that usually bring wet, stormy weather.

A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface.

All of space and everything in it

An organism that feeds on a living host

A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation

A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together