Worksheetsjudicial branch
Total questions: 94
Worksheet time: 47mins
what are the two federal courts system
state and federal courts
what is the federal court system
The federal courts deal with Laws that apply to the whole United States.
what are state courts
local courts that Issues like family matters, accidents, crimes, and traffic violations.
Which court system deals with most legal issues?
What are the two main types of court cases?
what a civil case
A civil case is a legal dispute between private parties. like sueing one another
what a criminal case
What is the first court to hear a case called?
Trial court(District Court in federal system)
What happens in a trial court?
Lawyers use evidence to prove their side.
A jury (or judge in a bench trial) decides the verdict.
whats an verdict in the judicial branch
What happens if you lose a case in trial court?
You can appeal the decision to a higher court.
What is the process of asking a higher court to review a case called?
What are the different levels of appellate courts?
Local Trial Courts and Administrative Courts
Administrative Courts and Civil Courts
Civil Courts and Local Trial Courts
Court of Appeals
Supreme Court
What do appellate courts do?
Review decisions from lower courts to see if errors were made.
What are the three possible outcomes of an appeal?
Affirm the trial court's decision
Reverse the decision
Remand the case back to the trial court
How many judges typically hear a case in the Court of Appeals?
Three judges(a panel)
Is there a jury in appellate court?
false
true
What is the highest court in the land?
How many justices are on the Supreme Court?
Does the Supreme Court hear all cases that are appealed to it?
No, the Supreme Court chooses which cases to take, and it doesn't take very many.
What is the power of judicial review?
l The power of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional.
Can state supreme courts declare state laws unconstitutional?
The court of appeals can sent the case to the supreme court if need
false
true
A group of people who decide a verdict.
Something that proves or disproves a fact.
The process of asking a higher court to review a case.
A mistake made by a lower court.
error
Sending a case back to a lower court for a new trial.
The power of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional.
The highest law of the land.
The highest court in the United States.
Spoken or written statements as proof.
A case involving a crime.
A trial without a jury.
The authority of a court to hear and decide a case.
The first court to hear a case.
People who witness an event.
To confirm a lower court's decision.
a legal dispute
case
when an appellate court rejects a verdict
reverse
What is jurisdiction?
The authority to hear a case.
What are the four levels of the court system in Florida by level ?
Level 2: Circuit courts (handle more serious crimes)
Level 1: County courts (handle minor wrongdoing)
level 3:Courts of special Jurisdiction( international trades)
Level 3: District court of Appeals (aka they are Appellate courts)
Level 4: Florida Supreme court
what are county courts in simple words
County courts are local courts that deal with legal cases in a specific county. (handle minor wrongdoing)
what are circuit courts in simple words
Circuit courts are courts that handle serious criminal cases and civil disputes
what are the District court of Appeals
what is the state supreme courts
What is an appellate court?
A court that reviews the decision made by the lower jury courts.
If you want to sue someone for $15,000, to which level of the Florida court system would you bring your case?
Explain why a plaintiff or a defendant cannot win a trial within a District Court of Appeal?
District court of Appeals don't hold trials.
Which section of the U.S. Constitution outlines the federal court system?
What are the three levels of the federal court system ranked form level?
Level 1:Trial Courts, Level 2: Appellate Courts, Level 3: Constitutional Court
Level 1: District Courts
Level 2: Courts of Appeals
Level 3: Supreme Court
Level 1:Circuit Courts, Level 2: Federal Appeals, Level 3: High Court
Level 1:Local Courts, Level 2: State Courts, Level 3: National Court
Your friend tells you that she just found out her case will be heard by the U.S. Supreme Court. What kind of question would your friend's case involve?
A question about a constitution issue or federal law
What are three of the eight kinds of cases federal courts hear?
Cases involving the U.S. Constitution.
Violating of federal law.
Conflicts between states.
Why can't a jury ever find anyone guilty of a crime within a U.S. Court of Appeals?
Because they do not have juries to decide. But U.S. District Courts have juries.
What is meant by "original jurisdiction"?
First to hear a case
What is meant by "appellate jurisdiction"?
Power to review cases decided in lower courts.
What is a writ of certiorari?
If lower courts cannot decide a case, they can send it to a higher court to review it. (supreme court and Appeals courts issue one when they agree to hear an Appeal).
Why is Marbury vs. Madison (1803) an important case?
It established the concept of Judicial Review
What is judicial review?
It's the power to determine whether the actions of the other two branches conflict with the constitution.
How is judicial review a check on the legislative and judicial branches?
It allows judicial branch to check the actions of the legislative branch and executive branch. Final say on what is and not constitutional.
what can judicial review do
Can review laws that have been put in place, executive orders that have been signed,or actions that have been taken.
What is a court order?
Legal document, tells a person or group to perform or stop a specific action, set a court data, and legally establishes something.
What is a summary judgment?
A decision made by a judge without going to trial.
what is a Plaintiff
A plaintiff is the party who sued
whats a defendant
A defendant is a person who is being sued
Why might a judge issue a summary judgment?
Facts and evidence are one sided. Can be appealed to a higher court.
What is the rule that every federal and state law must be acceptable under?
The Bill of Rights Amendment 10
The Supremacy clause found in Article IV of the U.S. Constitution
What kind of cases may reach the Supreme Court?
Cases that challenge one or a few of its specific statements or specific provisions of an entire law.
What power does the Supreme Court have over the executive branch?
The Supreme Court can nullify actions of the president or agencies of the branch the president leads if they violate the Constitution.
Who gave the power of judicial review to the Court?
1803 The Supreme Court, through Marbury v. Madison and Congress established judicial review in 1789.
what is the Judiciary Act of 1789.
The Judiciary Act of 1789 created the federal court system and established the Supreme Court. (as well as judicial review as part it)
What kind of cases can the Court hear and make rulings on?
The Court can hear and make rulings only on the cases that are submitted to it. All cases the Court takes up must be actual legal disputes.
Disputes over private contracts.. All cases the Court takes up must be actual legal disputes.
Cases involving local ordinances. All cases the Court takes up must be actual legal disputes.
Criminal cases against individuals.. All cases the Court takes up must be actual legal disputes.
What kind of matters does the Court traditionally not deal with?
The Court traditionally does not deal with political matters. Those matters are usually left to be resolved by the executive or legislative branch.
Criminal cases.Those matters are usually left to be resolved by the executive or legislative branch.
Traffic violations.Those matters are usually left to be resolved by the executive or legislative branch.
Family law disputes.Those matters are usually left to be resolved by the executive or legislative branch.
What is one check on the Court?
Public opinion polls.The executive branch usually accepts and follows the Supreme Court's decisions, but not always.
Executive orders.The executive branch usually accepts and follows the Supreme Court's decisions, but not always.
The Court has no power to enforce its rulings. The executive branch usually accepts and follows the Supreme Court's decisions, but not always.
Legislative oversight.The executive branch usually accepts and follows the Supreme Court's decisions, but not always.
What can Congress and state legislatures do if the Court rules a law unconstitutional?
Congress can ignore the Court's ruling entirely. Congress and state legislatures can repeal or cancel the law. They can also change the law so that it is no longer unconstitutional.
State legislatures must wait for Congress to act first. Congress and state legislatures can repeal or cancel the law. They can also change the law so that it is no longer unconstitutional.
Congress can only repeal the law without any amendments. or Congress can ignore the Court's ruling entirely.
Congress and state legislatures can repeal or cancel the law. They can also change the law so that it is no longer unconstitutional. Congress can also try to undo Court rulings by starting the process to amend or change the Constitution.
What is the Supreme Court's responsibility?
The Supreme Court has the final word on the meaning of the U.S. Constitution and federal laws.
Who defines the jurisdiction and responsibilities of federal district and appeals courts?
Congress defines the jurisdiction and responsibilities of judges who sit on federal district and appeals courts.
Local government ordinances judges who sit on federal district and appeals courts..
International treaties and agreements. judges who sit on federal district and appeals courts.
State laws and regulations. judges who sit on federal district and appeals courts.
What kind of cases does the Supreme Court have original jurisdiction over?
The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction only in cases involving disputes between two or more states and cases involving diplomats from foreign countries.
What is the main duty of the Supreme Court justices?
The main duty of the Supreme Court justices is to hear and rule on cases.
Does the Constitution name any qualifications for becoming a Supreme Court justice?
The Constitution does not name any qualifications for becoming a Supreme Court justice.
What happens once the president nominates someone for the Supreme Court?
Once the president nominates someone for the Supreme Court, the Senate Judiciary Committee holds a confirmation hearing to consider the nominee.
Does the Senate always approve nominees to the Supreme Court?
The Senate does not always approve nominees to the Supreme Court.
What is Article III of the Constitution?
What has Congress established over the years?
Local government ordinances established rules that govern the powers and the organization of the Supreme Court.
International treaties and agreements established rules that govern the powers and the organization of the Supreme Court.
Over the years, Congress has established rules that govern the powers and the organization of the Supreme Court.
State laws and regulations established rules that govern the powers and the organization of the Supreme Court.
What is judicial review?
Judicial review refers to the ability of the president to veto laws goes against the Constitution.
Judicial review is the power of courts to create new laws goes against the Constitution.
Judicial review is an analysis of whether an action by the legislative or executive branches or by a state goes against the Constitution.
Judicial review is the process of electing judges who goes against the Constitution.
What will happen if the Supreme Court decides that a law is unconstitutional?
The law is temporarily suspended until further review it will nullify or legally cancel that law.
The law is upheld and remains in effect it will nullify or legally cancel that law.
The law is revised and passed again it will nullify or legally cancel that law.
If the Supreme Court decides that a law is unconstitutional, it will nullify or legally cancel that law.
What is nullify mean in simple words
What are the two major jobs of the judicial branch?
Interpret laws, and hear and try cases.
What are the 3 levels of the federal courts
Level 1: U.S. District Court, Level 2: Court of Appeals, Level 3: Supreme Court.
What are the differences between Original juristriction and Appellate courts?
Original jurisdiction is for first court to the hearing the case; appellate courts review lower court decisions.
What is a "writ of certiorari"?
It is when a lower court sends a case to a higher court to review it.
How many justices are on the Supreme Court and how many make up a majority decision?
What does it mean if a law is found to be "unconstitutional" by the Supreme Court?
It means it cannot be enforced.
What is the power of "judicial review"?
To check if the legislative and executive branch are doing the right things that are not violating the constitution
