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WorksheetsPraxis 5205-3
Total questions: 68
Worksheet time: 2hrs 16mins
Mark, a first-grade student, is sounding out the word flat. He sounds out the word f-l-a-t. Which of the following is true about Mark?
He is lacking basic knowledge of the alphabetic principle.
He needs more practice with affixes.
He sounded out each letter individually versus the onset and rime.
He has a strong knowledge of consonant blends.
Mr. Scott writes the following words on the board: blimp, roar, grin. He asks his class to make a new word out of each word by removing a part of the existing word. Which of the following concepts is the teacher trying to develop in his students?
the alphabetic principle
phoneme deletion
phoneme substitution
phoneme segmentation
Storybook reading with pre-readers helps to develop oral language skills in which of the following ways?
It increases knowledge of vocabulary and syntax.
It helps students practice expressive communication.
It exposes students to diverse orthographic patterns.
It promotes phonemic awareness and letter-sound correspondence.
A first-grade teacher gives her students the following cards: Br, im, Sw, ead. Which of the following actions BEST describes the following cards?
phoneme segmentation
phoneme blending
phoneme deletion
phoneme substitution
A kindergarten teacher wants to expose students to a variety of sources and environments. Which of the following materials would be MOST effective?
leveled readers
signs and labels
economic books
personal chants
Which of the following questions would be most appropriate for a literary discussion?
Who are the characters on this page?
How was the problem resolved?
Why was (character name) so mad?
Where did this story happen?
Mrs. Ray has just read The Three Little Pigs to her class. She then divides the class into three groups. She tells the first group to draw a picture showing one of the pigs, the second group to draw a picture of the wolf trying to blow the houses down, and the third group to draw a picture of the wolf falling into the pot of boiling water. What is Mrs. Ray's overall goal for her students with this activity?
Mrs. Ray wants to check that her students understand the descriptions of the pig and wolf.
Mrs. Ray is having her students practice describing the setting of a story.
Mrs. Ray is helping her students understand the organization of the story.
Mrs. Ray wants to reinforce key vocabulary from the story.
A Kindergarten class has a spelling center where students use letter magnets to spell out the names of different objects based on a picture card. Johnny has just spelled dog with the magnets correctly placed under the picture of the dog. The teacher comes by and says to Johnny, 'Let's read the word together, /d/ /o/ /g/. What word did you sound out?' Which of the following concepts is the teacher trying to help?
Onset & Rime
Phoneme Segmentation
Phoneme Blending
Phoneme Deletion
Mr. Hawks wants to give his kindergarten students a sight word assessment. Which of the following is the best way to conduct this assessment?
direct the students to write the sight words from memory
ask students to read from a sight word list while he circles the words they know
have students sound out each sight word as he presents it to them
encourage students to clap out the beat as they repeat each word after him
How many phonemes are there in English?
26
44
18
15
A student in a first grade class is struggling to sound out basic CVC words because of phonological deficits. What will this student most likely also find difficult?
print awareness
encoding
previewing
listening skills
During the first week of first grade, a teacher gives a diagnostic assessment asking students to read a list of five simple CVC words. One student is unable to sound out any of the words. What action should the student's teacher take?
determine if he knows the name of each letter
assess his knowledge of individual letter sounds
give the assessment again with picture cues
ask him to write any words he can read
A kindergarten teacher wants to help students go beyond literal comprehension as she reads a storybook to the class. Which guiding question best meets this goal?
Who is the main character?
What is the character's name?
What happened first in the story?
What do you think will happen next?
Which type of diagnostic assessment would give a first-grade reading teacher the most information on students' knowledge of consonant blends?
a group activity in which students take turns placing letter tiles in boxes for each phoneme
a whole-class choral reading activity in which students read a paragraph with multiple consonant blends
an individual assessment with a phonics screener or similar targeted list of words and sounds
an activity in which students write down the sounds they hear while words are read aloud
A second grade student asks a teacher: 'Why do the words say and weigh have the same sound but a different spelling?' The teacher could use this question as a starting point for a mini-lesson on:
letter-sound correspondence
morphophonology
graphemes
homographs
A student is able to orally substitute the initial consonant /g/ for /b/ in the word boat to make the word goat. What concept is the student demonstrating?
phonemic awareness
letter-sound correspondence
phonological awareness
manipulation of onsets and rimes
Which group of words contains words with r-controlled vowels?
bread/bring/craft
robin/race/rub
torn/curb/bird
try/dry/fry
A third-grade teacher wants to model the process of metacognition during reading as a precursor to fix-up strategies. Which question would she most likely use?
What genre is this?
How are the characters developed?
Do I understand this paragraph?
Where can I learn more about this topic?
A first-grade teacher gives a list of words with CCVC patterns for an integrated decoding and encoding lesson. Which word would appear on the list?
what
stink
awful
shy
Which of the following best describes the research on systematic phonics instruction with English language learners?
less effective than a whole-language approach
effective when combined with vocabulary instruction and automatic word recognition
effective when combined with an emergent phonics curriculum that evolves with student interest
less effective than an embedded phonics approach
A second-grade teacher is introducing a unit on diphthongs for an integrated reading and spelling unit. Which word would appear on the list?
tree
cluster
drive
through
Which activity is most aligned with an explicit, systematic phonics approach?
Students learn phonics rules by encountering them in authentic texts.
Students work in cooperative teams to investigate phonics rules.
Students are taught to use picture cues as the first method of decoding.
Students are given teacher-directed instruction in decoding strategies.
Which word-solving strategy would be most appropriate for students still developing automaticity?
Identifying roots and prefixes
looking for vowel-consonant-e patterns
using context clues to confirm word meaning
focusing on words with irregular spellings
Which of the following activities is a multisensory approach to phonics instruction?
Students use the same list of words for reading and spelling.
Students form and say words with consonant blends in the sand.
Students participate in both guided and independent practice.
Students progress to more advanced sound patterns in a defined scope.
An upper elementary student who struggles to decode basic CVC words may have which type of reading challenge?
Specific comprehension difficulty
Processing speed deficit
Specific word-reading difficulty
Hyperlexia
Which shows a logical progression of the least to most difficult introduction of phonics patterns?
r-controlled vowels, short vowels, long vowels
letter sounds, consonant blends, vowel teams
digraphs, diphthongs, letter sounds
closed syllables, onset-rime, long vowels
A kindergarten student is struggling to segment words into syllables. Which instructional resource would best aid this student?
word family cards
picture sorts
letter puzzles
Elkonin boxes
A student who is proficient in most phonics patterns will need instruction or introduction to which concept before he or she will be able to read with prosody?
context clues
syllable types
punctuation
orthography
Recursive phonics instruction should include
repetition
spelling
active learning
ability grouping
A fourth-grade teacher wants to activate students' background knowledge before reading a nonfiction passage on space exploration. Which of the following activities BEST meets this goal?
asking students to freewrite a story set in outer space with extraterrestrial characters
having students construct a Milky Way galaxy out of construction paper and glitter
having students think about careers of the future that may be possible because of space exploration
asking students to write down three things they know about space exploration
A teacher brings in a nature magazine, a thesaurus, a novel, and a history textbook. As he holds up each text, he asks students why they might read each. This is MOST LIKELY an anticipatory set for a lesson on which concept?
Making Inferences
Choral Reading
Setting a Purpose
Identifying Text Structure
A third-grade student is always first to finish his independent reading work, but he consistently misses many comprehension questions that require inferencing. Which of the following strategies should his teacher recommend?
making better use of graphophonic cues
using a dictionary when needed
reading texts at the instructional level
slowing down the read
Which of the following is the MOST appropriate text for independent reading for most fourth-grade students?
a poem at a Lexile level of 1200
a nonfiction text at a Lexile level of 770
a drama at a Lexile level of 1100
a fiction text at a Lexile level of 200
A character map would be an appropriate semantic organizer for which of the following types of texts?
a nonfiction passage about snails
a poem about the beauty of nature
a short story about a young girl
an argumentative essay about school uniforms
Before assigning a historical fiction novel, what should the reading teacher do to give students the necessary background knowledge?
reveal the climax and resolution
provide students with a character trait chart
encourage students to determine the theme
give insights into the setting
How are the central idea and topic of a nonfiction text related?
The topic is what the author is saying about the central idea.
The topic and the central idea are identical.
The central idea is much broader than the topic.
The central idea is what the author is saying about the topic.
To introduce the idea of general story structure or plot diagram, which type of text would be most effective?
a fairy tale
a biography
literary nonfiction
a novel told in flashback
Comparing a fiction and nonfiction text on the same topic can help students to do which of the following?
increase overall knowledge of morphology
develop skills in identifying logical fallacies
recognize differences among genres
modify prosody based on audience
A student reading a text at around 85 percent accuracy with at least 75 percent comprehension is reading at the
independent reading level.
instructional reading level.
frustrational reading level.
career readiness reading level.
Students in a fifth grade social studies class read a primary and secondary source on the same topic and then compare the two texts. Which foundational reading skill is the teacher helping students to develop?
activating background knowledge
drawing reasonable conclusions
making connections
annotating the text
In which situation would a reading teacher use an Informal Reading Inventory (IRI)?
to assign students to a particular small reading group
to determine students' progress toward end-of-year objectives
to assess whether students have a specific learning disability related to reading
to screen for developmental delays in speech and language
Why has universal screening for reading difficulties become standard practice for most elementary schools?
It allows for a more systematic process of selection of a reading curriculum.
It provides further data to support the efficacy of phonics instruction.
It can identify at-risk students for prompt early intervention.
It allows paraprofessionals to take a more active role in reading assessment.
A lesson in a second grade classroom on prereading strategies is most likely to involve which topic?
morphology
predicting
evaluative comprehension
phonological processing
A third grade teacher gives students a reading journal where students set goals, track the books they've read over the course of the year, and write a few sentences about each book after they've finished it. The primary purpose of this strategy is to:
encourage students to read more books than peers
assess how students are meeting state standards
interest students in books on diverse topics
help students become self-directed learners
A second-grade teacher in upstate New York is reading a short story designed for children that is set in mid-nineteenth-century Georgia. Which of the following should be discussed with students to help them better understand the story?
the way the short story switches between different registers
the content-specific words students may be unfamiliar with
the dialogue from characters who speak in a different dialect
the reasons people in the nineteenth century did not speak properly
Which of the following is a structural element of literature?
point of view
prosody
fiction versus nonfiction
main idea
Mrs. Hayball is reading a story to her kindergarten students as part of an integrated unit on community leaders. The book is about a girl whose mother is running for mayor. About halfway through the book, the election happens. At this point, Mrs. Hayball stops and asks the following question: "What do you think is going to happen?" Which of the following skills is Mrs. Hayball helping her students practice?
building anticipation
making predictions
integrating curriculum
understanding character motivation
Which of the following activities would be appropriate when introducing the idea of a summary to a first-grade class?
having students write a summary for each paragraph in their social studies textbook
asking the class to brainstorm several phrases and ideas that describe the story overall
identifying the point of view of each story they have read and keeping this information in a journal or notebook
asking the students several questions orally about each character's motivation
Which of the following is typical of a narrative written in first-person point of view?
The author is a minor secondary character.
The audience does not know what the protagonist is thinking.
The author is the narrator and protagonist.
The author puts the reader in the role of protagonist.
A teacher has a group of gifted and talented first-grade students. He sets up the classroom with several tables full of different types of reading material. He has newspapers, magazines, books, brochures, letters, and more. He tells his students to explore these materials and think about what makes them different from each other. He asks them to think about the presence or absence of pictures, size of the print, organization, and other features. Which of the following skills is the teacher most likely trying to develop in his students?
the ability to read and understand a wide variety of texts on many different reading levels
the ability to select texts that are most appropriate for their own reading level
the ability to compare information presented in different forms
the ability to compare digital and physical print
Which of the following questions should a teacher ask to assess literal comprehension?
Where did the story take place?
What can you infer about the main character?
Would you want to be a character in the story? Why or why not?
What new vocabulary words did you find in the story?
Which of the following words would be appropriate for a preschool child to use as a practice word to begin copying letters from an environmental source?
the word blimp as dictated to her
the child's name written on a piece of paper for her to copy underneath
the word McDonald's, which she retains the spelling of from memory
the word elephant, which she writes after she is shown a picture of an elephant
Research has shown that teaching English grammar and mechanics through isolated drill leads to
marked improvement in overall student writing capabilities.
little to no improvement in student writing.
an increase in student revising and editing skills.
a greater student ability to provide constructive feedback during editing.
While helping a fourth-grade student revise his essay, a teacher notices that the student has used slang and regional dialect throughout. Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the teacher to take?
Review the fundamentals of proper English and have him rewrite the essay.
Encourage him to think about the fundamental differences between speaking and writing.
Ask him to consider his audience and revise the essay using more formal language.
Provide time to give him more explicit instruction in grammar and mechanics.
A third-grade teacher giving a high-quality lesson on homophones. However, the teacher has planned a traditional fill-in-the blank spelling test as the only assessment of student learning after the lesson. What type of assessment should the teacher give instead to help students generalize knowledge?
Have students write a paragraph using several homophone pairs correctly.
Include homophones as part of a class-wide oral spelling bee to encourage students to further study the words.
Ask students to study a high-frequency homophone list for a few minutes each day at home.
Extend the lesson by having students examine the morphology of the homophones.
Words selected for spelling lists should be at the student's
frustrational reading level.
instructional spelling level.
independent spelling level.
instructional reading level.
A fifth grade reading teacher wants to find strategies to integrate reading and grammar instruction. Which of the following strategies should the teacher pursue?
combining instruction in pronouns with point of view
combining Instruction in diagramming sentences with making inferences
encouraging students to critique the way authors create a mood through word choice
encouraging students to fuse together sentences from a short story to make run-ons
A teacher hangs a poster in the classroom that says, "I before E except after C or when sounded like ay as in neighbor and weigh." This poster gives an example of
a continuum of spelling.
a graphophonic cue.
a phonogram.
an orthographic pattern.
Which of the following activities BEST assess knowledge of letter-sound correspondence for kindergarten students?
timing students as they recite the alphabet
timing students as they read from a sight word list
checking off know phonemes from a chart
checking off known letter names from a chart
A third grade teacher wants to focus on explicit vocabulary instruction with Tier 2 words. Which group of words is most appropriate to use for such a lesson?
Try/tries/tried
metamorphosis/metacognition/metanarrative
found/help/gone
ability/determine/reasonable
A second grade teacher wants to help students develop strategies to understand what new words mean based on syntactic cuing. The teacher has just introduced the words beauty, invent, and trace. Which activity best meets this goal?
Students write sentences using the new words and note their position in the sentences.
Students practice with new forms of the words such as beautiful, inventive, and traced
Students identify antonyms of the words such as ugly, idle, and freehand
Students work to activate background knowledge by asking questions like "what similar word do you know?
A student who struggles with fluency due to sounding out each individual letter sound is likely in which Ehri's phases of word reading?
pre-alphabetic
automatic
full alphabetic
partial alphabetic
Writing instruction in early kindergarten usually focuses on which of the following?
semantics and morphology
spelling remediation
the alphabetic principle
syntax and mechanics
Which of the following describes the BEST way for a kindergarten teacher to integrate technology into the writing process?
teaching students to use the spell and grammar check feature in word-processing software
structuring research assignments that require students to search online databases
using software that allows students to drag and drop pictures to create a story
allowing time each day for students to complete online punctuation a drills
A fourth grade student has completed a data dump pre-writing exercise with the topic of "benefits of cats". What should she do next?
use her word list to prepare an outline
think of synonyms for each of the words
draft her essay using all the words
select the best words from the list
Which of the following assessment methods would be MOST effective to gauge student writing progress over time?
norm-referenced assessment
criterion-referenced assessment
dynamic assessment
portfolio assessment
After a student completes a reading fluency assessment, the teacher notes that he reads all words correctly but with great effort, sound out each phoneme. Which part of fluency does he need further practice and instruction with?
prosody
automaticity
decoding
pragmatics
A first-grade teacher wants a technique to help students with automatic word recognition. Which of the following techniques should the teacher employ?
neurological impress
sustained silent reading
reader's theater
curriculum based assessment (CBA)
