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WorksheetsAslan 251-300 Сесчия Физика котакская + 40-47 которые мне задали
Total questions: 58
Worksheet time: 29mins
Specify the definition of a reversible process:
A process in which a system, after going through a series of states, returns to its original state.
The process occurs in both forward and reversed directions without changes in the environment.
A closed cycle flowing clockwise when depicted on the diagram.
Any non-equilibrium process.
Process at constant temperature.
What work is done by 1 mole of an ideal gas when heated by 1K at constant volume:
8.31 J/mol∙K
1.38×10⁻²³ J/K
Depends on volume changes.
Depends on heat capacity.
No work is done.
Which part of the Carnot cycle describes an adiabatic process?
1 and 2
3
1
1 and 3
2 and 4
What is the work done by the gas during the transition from state 1 to 2:
600 J
100 J
200 J
400 J
0 J
Which part of the Carnot cycle describes an isothermal process:
2
2 and 4
4
1 and 3
4 and 3
Give a formula expressing the first law of thermodynamics:
Q=ŋA
Q=cm=∆t
Q=IUt
Q=cU
Q=∆U+A
During isothermal expansion, an ideal gas does work. How much will the internal energy of the gas change:
0 J
10 J
20 J
15 J
5 J
Indicate the first law of thermodynamics for an isochoric process:
∆U=0
Q=A
A=-∆U
Q=∆U
Q=0
Which process diagram is shown in the figure:
Adiabats
Isobars
Isochores
Isotherms
Polytropes
During the Carnot cycle, the working substance receives 300 kJ of heat from the heater. The heater temperature is 450K, and the refrigerator temperature is 270K. Determine the useful work per cycle:
90 kJ
120 kJ
180 kJ
240 kJ
300 kJ
What processes do graphs 1-2, 2-3, 3-1 correspond to:
Isobaric, isochoric, isothermal
Isothermal, isobaric, isochoric
Isochoric, isobaric, isothermal
Isochoric, isothermal, isobaric
Does not match any processes
What should be the temperature of the heater of an ideal heat engine with an efficiency of 80% if the temperature of the refrigerator is 27°C?
T1=ŋT2l(1-ŋ)=1200K
T1=T2l(1-ŋ)=1500K
T1=T2l(1+ŋ)=135K
T1=T2lŋ=375K
T1=T2l(1+ŋ)=375K
What is the temperature at which the differences in physical properties between a liquid and its saturated vapor disappear:
Curie temperature
Boiling point
Absolute temperature
Normal temperature
Critical temperature
The point in the phase diagram at which the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a substance are in equilibrium is called:
Critical point
Curie point
Melting point
Triple dot
Boiling point
Which of the quantities included in the van der Waals equation determines the intrinsic volume of all molecules of a real gas contained in one mole of gas:
a
b
V
P
R
The van der Waals equation describes:
Ideal gas state
Internal energy of real gas
State of real gas
Isothermal process in an ideal gas
Adiabatic process in an ideal gas
What is the state of a liquid heated above its boiling point called:
Equilibrium
Critical
Stable
Metastable
Transitional
Give a formula expressing the van der Waals equation for one mole of a real gas:
U1S1=U2S2
Q=((p1-p2)πR^4)/(8ŋe)
Re=pudIŋ
F=6πŋrU
(p+a/(Vm)²)(Vm-b)=RT
Which transport phenomenon is caused by the transfer of momentum from one layer of gas to another:
Diffusion
Viscous friction
Thermal conductivity
Evaporation
Crystallization
Which of the following phenomena is explained by diffusion:
The room becomes warm from the switched-on radiator.
Copper released during electrolysis.
Spread of odors.
Water cycle in nature.
Tea from an aluminum mug burns your lips, but the same tea from a porcelain cup does not burn.
The figure shows the profile of a wave at a certain point in time. What is its wavelength:
4 m
0.2 m
1 m
0.4 m
12 m
What is the wavelength:
15 m
10 m
20 m
25 m
5 m
What is the speed of propagation of an electromagnetic wave in a vacuum:
300 m/s
3*10^3
3*10^6
3*10^8
30 m/s
The oscillation frequency of alternating current is 50Hz. What is the cyclic frequency of current oscillations:
100 rad/s
200 rad/s
50 rad/s
314 rad/s
628 rad/s
Provide an expression for the wavenumber:
k=lyamdba/2π
k=speed/w
k=w/2π
k=2π/lyambda
k=2π/w
The equation of the electromagnetic wave E=7cos(4π*10^-6t+(π/2)x)V/m is given. What is the period of oscillation:
12.56 μs
7 μs
1 μs
0.5 μs
157 μs
A standing wave is the result of:
Wave diffraction.
Transfer of energy by waves.
Propagation of vibrations in space.
Addition of waves of different frequencies.
Interference of waves.
Select wave definition:
harmonic oscillations occurring under the action of a force proportional to the displacement of the body from the equilibrium position.
the body can participate simultaneously in several oscillatory movements. In this case, addition of oscillations takes place.
two mutually perpendicular oscillations of the same period, but different amplitudes and initial phases are added.
the process of propagation of oscillations in a continuous medium.
forced oscillations under the action of an external driving force.
Plane wave equation...
S = A cos(wt-kx)
x = A cos(wt+f0)
f = w(t-x/u)
delta f = (2pi(x2-x1))/(lyambda)
u = √(E/2m)
What is the wavelength when the oscillation period of the source is reduced by a factor of 2?
Will decrease by 2 times
Will decrease by 4 times
Will not change
Will increase 2 times
Will increase 4 times
The distance between the four crests of a traveling wave is 12m. What is the wavelength?
6m
12m
4m
3m
2m
The distance between two adjacent points of a wave oscillating in the same phase is called:
Period
Wave displacement
Wavelength
Wavespeed
Amplitude
The geometric location of points oscillating in the same phase is called:
Wave displacement
Wavenumber
Wavespeed
Amplitude
Wavesurface
Specify the illumination unit:
cd
lm
W
lx
lm/m²
What is the law of geometric optics?
Wien's law
Stefan-Boltzmann law
Law of independence of light beams
Malus' law
Newton's law
How is optical path length determined?
1/a + 1/b = 1/f
n = c/u
sini/sinb = n21
L = n*d
D = 1/f
Provide an expression for the refractive index of the medium:
1/a + 1/b = 1/f
n = c/u
sini/sinb = n21
D = 1/f
tani(Br) = n1/n2
Under what condition is complete reflection observed?
When light falls from a medium that is optically denser to a medium that is optically less dense.
If there is no interface between the media.
When light falls from a medium that is optically less dense into a medium that is optically denser.
If the angle of incidence and angle of reflection are equal.
None of the answers is correct.
Specify the unit of measurement for luminous flux:
cd
W
lx
lm
lm/m²
Specify the units of measurement for optical power of the lens:
dpt
cd
lm
lx
A
The length of the optical path of a light wave passing through a layer of water 2mm thick is 2.66mm. Find the refractive index of water:
1.0
1.33
2.0
2.33
3.0
Give the formula for the optical power of a lens:
Ф = lw
n = c/u
sini/sinb = n21
tani(Br) = n21
D = 1/f
Specify the luminosity unit:
cd
lm
W
lm/m²
lx
The focal plane is:
Plane passing through the direction of a light beam and the optical axis of a crystal.
Plane passing through the focus of a lens perpendicular to its principal optical axis.
Plane passing through an electric vector and a beam.
Geometric locus of points at which the phase of oscillations has the same value.
Plane of polarization of light transmitted by a polarizer.
Indicate the law of illumination created by a point source of light:
E = Ф/S
Ф = lw
n = c/u
Ф = RS
E = (I/r²)cosi
Specify one of the rules for constructing an image of an object in lenses:
A ray falling on a lens at a certain angle does not change its direction.
A ray passing through the first focus of a lens after refraction in it does not change its direction.
A ray passing through the first focus of a lens after refraction in it passes through the second focus of a lens.
A ray passing through the optical center of a lens does not change its direction.
There is no correct answer among the answers.
What is the optical difference in the path of two light waves that have passed through media with refractive indices?
L = nd
∆ = (2k + 1)*(Lyamdba/2)
∆ = l2n2 - l1n1
∆ = 2k(lyamdba/2)
∆ = 3k(lyamdba/2)
What is the optical path difference of rays in reflected light from a thin film with refractive index?
AB + BC - AC
(AB + BC)n - AD - lyamdba/2
AB + BC - AD - lyamdba/2
(AB + BC)n - AD
There is no correct answer among the answers.
The ratio of luminous flux to solid angle is:
Brightness
Luminous intensity
Luminosity
Luminous flux
Illuminance
Specify the Brewster condition:
tanӨ(B) = n2/n1
Ө(B) = arctan(n2/n1)
I(A) = I(p)cos²a
n1sin(Ө1) = n2sin(Ө2)
Ө(B) + Ө(r) = 90°
Argon molecules under normal conditions experience 6*10⁹ collisions per second at an average mean free path 6.35*10-⁸. The average speed of translational motion of argon molecules is:
381 m/s
400 m/s
4*10⁵
2*10³
41*10³
The number of degrees of freedom of translational motion of a molecule is equal to:
3
5
6
7
2
The number of degrees of freedom of a monatomic molecule is equal to:
3
5
6
7
2
The gas is compressed to half its original volume at constant temperature. The average energy of ideal gas molecules relative to the original...
does not change
decreases by 2 times
increases 2 times
increases 4 times
decreases by 4 times
Choose the correct ratio of the average kinetic energies of oxygen and hydrogen molecules at the same temperature:
Eox = Ehyd
Eox > Ehyd
Eox < Ehyd
the ratio can be arbitrary
the ratio depends on the mass of the named gases
Which gas has a higher concentration: one mole of oxygen or one mole of hydrogen, if the gases are under normal conditions?
are the same
more for oxygen
more for hydrogen
there is not enough data to answer
it all depends on the gas pressure
Which of the following formulas expresses the Maxwell distribution function for the velocities of gas molecules?
f(V) = 4π (m0 / 2πkt)^(3/2) V^2 * exp (- (m0V^2) / (2kT) )
f(V) = A e^ (-mu^2 / 2kT)
f(V) = n0 * e^(-mgh / kT)
f(V) = mV^2 / 2
f(V) = p0 * e^(-m0V^2 / 2)
Choose an expression that describes the distribution of air pressure in the Earth's atmosphere.
Р=Рo exp(- mgz/ kT)
Р= n·к·Т
Р·V = const
А=Р·V
F(v)=А· [е^(-mv)]·VdV
