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Mr. Diaz Dual credit psychology midterm

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Scientific hypotheses are _______ and falsifiable.

a)

observable

b)

original

c)

provable

d)

testable

2.

_______ are defined as observable realities.

a)

behaviors

b)

facts

c)

opinions

d)

theories

3.

Scientific knowledge is _______.

a)

intuitive

b)

empirical

c)

permanent

d)

subjective

4.

A major criticism of Freud’s early theories involves the fact that his theories _______.

a)

were too limited in scope

b)

were too outrageous

c)

were too broad

d)

were not testable

5.

Sigmund Freud developed his theory of human personality by conducting in-depth interviews over an extended period of time with a few clients. This type of research approach is known as a(n): _______.

a)

archival research

b)

case study

c)

naturalistic observation

d)

survey

6.

______ involves observing behavior in individuals in their natural environments.

a)

archival research

b)

case study

c)

naturalistic observation

d)

survey

7.

The major limitation of case studies is ________.

a)

the superficial nature of the information collected in this approach

b)

the lack of control that the researcher has in this approach

c)

the inability to generalize the findings from this approach to the larger population

d)

the absence of inter-rater reliability

8.

The benefit of naturalistic observation studies is ________.

a)

the honesty of the data that is collected in a realistic setting

b)

how quick and easy these studies are to perform

c)

the researcher’s capacity to make sure that data is collected as efficiently as possible

d)

the ability to determine cause and effect in this particular approach

9.

Using existing records to try to answer a research question is known as ________.

a)

naturalistic observation

b)

survey research

c)

longitudinal research

d)

archival research

10.

________ involves following a group of research participants for an extended period of time.

a)

archival research

b)

longitudinal research

c)

naturalistic observation

d)

cross-sectional research

11.

A(n) ________ is a list of questions developed by a researcher that can be administered in paper form.

a)

survey

b)

interview

c)

experiment

d)

observation

12.

Longitudinal research is complicated by high rates of ________.

a)

attrition

b)

participation

c)

accuracy

d)

consistency

13.

Height and weight are positively correlated. This means that:

a)

There is no relationship between height and weight.

b)

Usually, the taller someone is, the thinner they are.

c)

Usually, the shorter someone is, the heavier they are.

d)

As height increases, typically weight increases.

14.

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between two variables?

a)

–.90

b)

–.50

c)

+ .80

d)

+ .25

15.

Which statement best illustrates a negative correlation between the number of hours spent watching TV the week before an exam and the grade on that exam?

a)

Watching too much television leads to poor exam performance.

b)

Smart students watch less television.

16.

The correlation coefficient indicates the weakest relationship when ________.

a)

it is closest to 0

b)

it is closest to -1

c)

it is positive

d)

it is negative

17.

________ means that everyone in the population has the same likelihood of being asked to participate in the study.

a)

operationalizing

b)

placebo effect

c)

random assignment

d)

random sampling

18.

The ________ is controlled by the experimenter, while the ________ represents the information collected and statistically analyzed by the experimenter.

a)

dependent variable; independent variable

b)

independent variable; dependent variable

c)

placebo effect; experimenter bias

d)

experiment bias; placebo effect

19.

Researchers must ________ important concepts in their studies so others would have a clear understanding of exactly how those concepts were defined.

a)

randomly assign

b)

randomly select

c)

operationalize

d)

generalize

20.

Sometimes, researchers will administer a(n) ________ to participants in the control group to control for the effects that participant expectation might have on the experiment.

a)

independent variable

b)

statistical analysis

c)

control variable

d)

dependent variable

e)

placebo

21.

________ is to animal research as ________ is to human research.

a)

informed consent; deception

b)

IACUC; IRB

c)

IRB; IACUC

d)

deception; debriefing

22.

Researchers might use ________ when providing participants with the full details of the experiment could skew their responses.

a)

informed consent

b)

deception

c)

ethics

d)

debriefing

23.

A person’s participation in a research project must be ________.

a)

random

b)

rewarded

c)

voluntary

d)

public

24.

Before participating in an experiment, individuals should read and sign the ________ form.

a)

informed consent

b)

debriefing

c)

IRB

d)

ethics

25.

Which of the following was mentioned as a skill to which psychology students would be exposed?

a)

critical thinking

b)

use of the scientific method

c)

critical evaluation of sources of information

d)

all of the above

26.

Before psychology became a recognized academic discipline, matters of the mind were undertaken by those in ________.

a)

biology

b)

chemistry

c)

philosophy

d)

physics

27.

In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a(n) ________.

a)

observation

b)

measurement

c)

test

d)

proposed explanation

28.

Based on your reading, which theorist would have been most likely to agree with this statement: Perceptual phenomena are best understood as a combination of their components.

a)

William James

b)

Max Wertheimer

c)

Carl Rogers

d)

Noam Chomsky

29.

________ is most well-known for proposing his hierarchy of needs.

a)

Noam Chomsky

b)

Carl Rogers

c)

Abraham Maslow

d)

Sigmund Freud

30.

Rogers believed that providing genuineness, empathy, and ________ in the therapeutic environment for his clients was critical to their being able to deal with their problems.

a)

structuralism

b)

functionalism

c)

Gestalt

d)

unconditional positive regard

31.

The operant conditioning chamber (aka ________ box) is a device used to study the principles of operant conditioning.

a)

Skinner

b)

Watson

c)

James

d)

Koffka

32.

A researcher interested in how changes in the cells of the hippocampus (a structure in the brain related to learning and memory) are related to memory formation would be most likely to identify as a(n) ________ psychologist.

a)

biological

b)

health

c)

clinical

d)

social

33.

An individual’s consistent pattern of thought and behavior is known as a(n) ________.

a)

psychosexual stage

b)

object permanence

c)

personality

d)

perception

34.

In Milgram’s controversial study on obedience, nearly ________ of the participants were willing to administer what appeared to be lethal electrical shocks to another person because they were told to do so by an authority figure.

a)

20%

b)

40%

c)

65%

d)

85%

35.

A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job would most likely identify as a(n) ________ psychologist.

a)

personality

b)

clinical

c)

social

d)

I-O

36.

If someone wanted to become a psychology professor at a 4-year college, they would probably need a ________ degree in psychology.

a)

bachelor of science

b)

bachelor of art

c)

master’s

d)

PhD

37.

The ________ places less emphasis on research and more emphasis on application of therapeutic skills.

a)

PhD

b)

PsyD

c)

postdoctoral training program

d)

dissertation

38.

Which of the following degrees would be the minimum required to teach psychology courses in high school?

a)

PhD

b)

PsyD

c)

master’s degree

d)

bachelor’s degree

39.

One would need at least a(n) ________ degree to serve as a school psychologist.

a)

associate’s

b)

bachelor’s

c)

master’s

d)

doctoral

40.

A(n) ________ is a sudden, permanent change in a sequence of DNA.

a)

allele

b)

chromosome

c)

epigenetic

d)

mutation

41.

________ refers to a person’s genetic makeup, while ________ refers to a person’s physical characteristics.

a)

Genotype; phenotype

b)

Phenotype; genotype

c)

DNA; gene

d)

Gene; DNA

e)

Chromosome; trait

42.

________ is the field of study that focuses on genes and their expression.

a)

Social psychology

b)

Evolutionary psychology

c)

Epigenetics

d)

Behavioral neuroscience

43.

Humans have ________ pairs of chromosomes.

a)

15

b)

23

c)

46

d)

78

44.

The ________ receive(s) incoming signals from other neurons.

a)

axon

b)

dendrites

c)

synapse

d)

nucleus

45.

A(n) ________ facilitates or mimics the activity of a given neurotransmitter system.

a)

axon

b)

SSRI

c)

agonist

d)

antagonist

46.

Multiple sclerosis involves a breakdown of the ________.

a)

soma

b)

myelin sheath

c)

synaptic vesicles

d)

dendrites

47.

An action potential involves Na+ moving ________ the cell and K+ moving ________ the cell.

a)

inside; outside

b)

outside; inside

c)

inside; inside

d)

outside; outside

48.

Our ability to make our legs move as we walk across the room is controlled by the ________ nervous system.

a)

autonomic

b)

somatic

c)

sympathetic

d)

parasympathetic

49.

If your ________ is activated, you will feel relatively at ease.

a)

soma

b)

sympathetic

c)

somatic

d)

parasympathetic

50.

The central nervous system is comprised of ________.

a)

brain and spinal cord

b)

heart and lungs

c)

muscles and bones

d)

stomach and intestines

51.

Sympathetic activation is associated with ________.

a)

pupil dilation

b)

storage of glucose in the liver

c)

increased heart rate

d)

both A and C

52.

The ________ is a sensory relay station where all sensory information, except for smell, goes before being sent to other areas of the brain for further processing.

a)

thalamus

b)

hippocampus

c)

amygdala

d)

cerebellum

53.

Damage to the ________ disrupts one’s ability to comprehend language, but it leaves one’s ability to produce words intact.

a)

Wernicke’s Area

b)

Broca’s Area

c)

Cerebellum

d)

Hippocampus

54.

A(n) ________ uses magnetic fields to create pictures of a given tissue.

a)

MRI

b)

CT scan

c)

X-ray

d)

Ultrasound

55.

Which of the following is not a structure of the forebrain?

a)

thalamus

b)

hippocampus

c)

amygdala

d)

substantia nigra