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anda mau ikut toefl?? tes luk

Total questions: 83

Worksheet time: 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Read the following passage and summarize its main idea.

a)

The main idea is about the history of summarization techniques.

b)

The passage discusses the importance of detailed analysis.

c)

The passage emphasizes the role of summarizing in academic writing.

d)

The main idea of the passage is the significance of summarizing information.

2.

What does the word 'meticulous' mean in the context of the sentence?

a)

Showing great attention to detail.

b)

Being careless and hasty.

c)

Showing indifference to quality.

d)

Lacking attention to detail.

3.

Identify the grammatical error in the following sentence: 'She go to the market every Saturday.'

a)

She goes to the markets every Saturday.

b)

She goes to the market every Saturday.

c)

She go to market every Saturday.

d)

She going to the market every Saturday.

4.

Choose the correct form of the verb: 'He (to be) a good student.'

a)

was

b)

is

c)

are

d)

be

5.

Write a short essay on the importance of learning English.

a)

English is only useful for traveling.

b)

Learning English is not necessary for success.

c)

English is the easiest language to learn.

d)

The importance of learning English lies in its role as a global lingua franca, facilitating communication, education, and career opportunities.

6.

Listen to the audio clip and answer: What is the main topic discussed?

a)

Climate change and its impact on weather patterns.

b)

The importance of recycling in urban areas.

c)

The effects of pollution on marine life.

d)

The history of renewable energy sources.

7.

What is the synonym of 'happy' as used in the text?

a)

bored

b)

angry

c)

sad

d)

joyful

8.

Fill in the blank: 'If I (to know) the answer, I would tell you.'

a)

knew

b)

know

c)

knowing

d)

knows

9.

What is the purpose of the passage?

a)

To convey information or insights on a specific topic.

b)

To summarize a previous discussion.

c)

To persuade the audience to take action.

d)

To entertain the reader with a story.

10.

Identify the tense used in the sentence: 'They have been studying for three hours.'

a)

Past perfect tense

b)

Present perfect continuous tense

c)

Present simple tense

d)

Future continuous tense

11.

Write a conclusion for an essay about climate change.

a)

The best solution to climate change is to ignore it and focus on economic growth.

b)

In conclusion, climate change is an urgent global challenge that requires immediate action from individuals, communities, and governments alike. By working together and implementing sustainable practices, we can protect our planet for future generations.

c)

Climate change only affects certain countries, so it's not a global issue.

d)

Climate change is a myth and does not require any action.

12.

Listen to the conversation and answer: What is the relationship between the speakers?

a)

Colleagues

b)

Siblings

c)

Acquaintances

d)

Friends

13.

What does the phrase 'to break the ice' mean?

a)

To initiate conversation and ease tension in a social situation.

b)

To make a situation more awkward.

c)

To end a conversation abruptly.

d)

To create a physical barrier in a conversation.

14.

Choose the correct preposition: 'She is interested ___ learning new languages.'

a)

at

b)

for

c)

about

d)

in

15.

What is the main argument presented in the essay?

a)

The essay provides a summary of various topics.

b)

The main argument presented in the essay is the central thesis or claim of the author.

c)

The essay focuses on historical events unrelated to the thesis.

d)

The main argument is a personal opinion of the author.

16.

Identify the subject in the sentence: 'The cat chased the mouse.'

a)

The dog

b)

The cat

c)

The mouse

d)

The bird

17.

Write an introduction for an essay on technology's impact on society.

a)

Technology only benefits a small group of people and harms the rest.

b)

Technology has profoundly transformed society, influencing how we communicate, learn, and work, while also presenting challenges that require careful consideration.

c)

Society has always been the same, regardless of technological advancements.

d)

Technology has no effect on society whatsoever.

18.

Listen to the news report and summarize the key points.

a)

The climate summit focused on reducing plastic waste instead of carbon emissions.

b)

World leaders agreed to reduce carbon emissions by 2030 at the climate summit.

c)

World leaders decided to increase carbon emissions by 2030 at the climate summit.

d)

World leaders agreed to ban all fossil fuels by 2025 at the climate summit.

19.

What is the antonym of 'difficult' as used in the passage?

a)

easy

b)

challenging

c)

arduous

d)

complex

20.

Fill in the blank: 'He suggested that she (to take) the job offer.'

a)

to take

b)

taking

c)

take

d)

takes

21.

"with, without, in, on, after, before " are the examples of ......................

a)

sentence

b)

verb

c)

subject

d)

preposition

e)

adverb

22.

"pray, recite, read" are the examples of ......................

a)

sentence

b)

verb

c)

subject

d)

preposition

e)

adverb

23.

"She, he, they, we" are the examples of ......................

a)

sentence

b)

verb

c)

subject

d)

preposition

e)

adverb

24.

"Maria, Sasa, Zahid" are the examples of ......................

a)

sentence

b)

verb

c)

subject

d)

preposition

e)

adverb

25.

A sentence in English must at least consists of ........

a)

a subject only

b)

a verb only

c)

a subject and a verb

d)

two subjects and a verb

e)

a subject and two verbs

26.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


Which of the following were NOT used in the construction of colonial furniture ?

a)

(A) Mortises

b)

(B) Nails

c)

(C) Hinges

d)

(D) Screws

27.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


For what purpose did woodworkers use an auger ?

a)

(A) To whittle a peg

b)

(B) To make a tenon

c)

(C) To drill a hole

d)

(D) To measure a panel

28.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The relationship of a mortise and a tenon is most similar to that of ?

a)

(A) a lock and a key

b)

(B) a book and its cover

c)

(C) a cup and a saucer

d)

(C) a cup and a saucer

29.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The word “protruding” in line 13 is closest in meaning to ?

a)

(A) parallel

b)

(B) simple

c)

(C) projecting

d)

(D) important

30.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The phrase “attachment to” in line closest in meaning to?

a)

(A) control of

b)

(B) distance from

c)

(C) curiosity about

d)

(D) preference for

31.

How many sections are there in a paper-based TOEFL Test?

a)

two

b)

three

c)

four

d)

five

32.

Which one is NOT a valid form of a TOEFL Test?

a)

paper-based test

b)

computer-based test

c)

writing-based test

d)

internet-based test

33.

What does TOEFL stand for?

a)

Test of English as a Foreign Language

b)

Test of Original English as a Foreign Language

c)

Test of English in Foreign Language

d)

Test of English as a Foreign Linguistic

34.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


Which of the following terms does the author explain in the passage ?

a)

(A) “millennia” (line 5)

b)

(B) “joiners” (line 10)

c)

(C) “whittled” (line 15)

d)

(D) “blacksmiths ” (line 21)

35.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The author implies that the colonial joiners ?

a)

(A) were highly paid

b)

(B) based their furniture on English models

c)

(C) used many specialized tools

d)

(D) had to adjust to using new kinds of wood in New England

36.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The word “they” in line 25 refers to ?

a)

(A) designs

b)

(B) types

c)

(C) colonists

d)

(D) all

37.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The word “shield” in line 23 is closest in meaning to ?

a)

(A) decorate

b)

(B) copy

c)

(C) shape

d)

(D) protect

38.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The author implies that colonial metalworkers were ?

a)

(A) unable to make elaborate parts

b)

(B) more skilled than woodworkers

c)

(C) more conservative than other colonists

d)

(D) frequently employed by joiners

39.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


Which of the following were NOT used in the construction of colonial furniture ?

a)

(A) Mortises

b)

(B) Nails

c)

(C) Hinges

d)

(D) Screws

40.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


For what purpose did woodworkers use an auger ?

a)

(A) To whittle a peg

b)

(B) To make a tenon

c)

(C) To drill a hole

d)

(D) To measure a panel

41.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The relationship of a mortise and a tenon is most similar to that of ?

a)

(A) a lock and a key

b)

(B) a book and its cover

c)

(C) a cup and a saucer

d)

(C) a cup and a saucer

42.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The word “protruding” in line 13 is closest in meaning to ?

a)

(A) parallel

b)

(B) simple

c)

(C) projecting

d)

(D) important

43.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The phrase “attachment to” in line closest in meaning to?

a)

(A) control of

b)

(B) distance from

c)

(C) curiosity about

d)

(D) preference for

44.

The thermometer is broken so I can’t tell you the exact. _______.

a)

Temperature

b)

Thermometer

c)

Wet season

d)

Autumn

45.

Nobody knows ---- motivated him to change his mind about not going to school.

a)

what

b)

which

c)

that

d)

how

e)

why

46.

15. Vegetables are an excellent source ________ vitamins

a)

A. have

b)

B. of

c)

C. where

d)

D. contain

47.

In 1945, Indonesia ...... its independence from all forms of colonization.

a)

declaring

b)

declared

c)

declarares

d)

is declating

48.

..... a tomato plant from 75 to 85 days to develop into

a mature plant with ripe fruit.

a)

It takes

b)

To take

c)

That takes

d)

By taking

49.

In Michigan, USA, ...... over six hundred feet deep.

a)

salt deposits

b)

where salt deposits are

c)

having salt deposits

d)

there are salt deposits

50.

Duke Ellington wrote ..... during his career.

a)

that over a thousand songs

b)

over a thousand songs

c)

over a thousand songs were

d)

there were over a thousand songs

51.

The art of story telling ..... almost as old as humanity.

a)

that is

b)

is

c)

it is

d)

being

52.

... is famous as the home of the U.S. Naval Academy.

a)

Annapolis

b)

Because of Annapolis

c)

Why Annapolis

d)

Because Annapolis

53.

Narcissus bulbs _____ at least three inches apart and covered with about four inches of well-drained soil.

a)

are planted

b)

to plant

c)

planting

d)

plantation

54.

The North Pole ____ a latitude of 90 degrees north.

a)

it has

b)

is having

c)

which is having

d)

has

55.

Still a novelty in the late nineteenth century, ___ limited to the rich.

a)

was

b)

was photography

c)

it was photography

d)

photography was

56.

____________ to a mobile except that it is stationary.

a)

A stabile similarly

b)

A stabile is similar

c)

A stabilizer

d)

A similar stabile

57.

Any possible academic assistance from taking stimulants ___ marginal at best.

a)

it is

b)

there is

c)

is

d)

as

58.

Henry Adams, born in Boston, ___ famous as a historian and novelist.

a)

became

b)

comer

c)

it's coming

d)

becoming

59.

The North Platte River ____ from Wyoming into Nebraska.

a)

it flowed

b)

flows

c)

flowing

d)

with flowing water

60.

Mathematics ... my favourite lesson at school.

a)

is

b)

are

c)

were

d)

does

61.

His parents did not ... him last month.

a)

visitor

b)

visiting

c)

visitation

d)

visit

62.

His brother ... a policeman.

a)

am

b)

are

c)

is

d)

does

63.

To Mike, _____ was a big surprise

a)

really

b)

the joke

c)

the party

d)

funny

e)

when

64.

As we ...... up our priorities change.

(to change from being children to being adults)

a)

stand

b)

grow

c)

look

65.

The committee members ...... out over plans for the new healthcare.

(to argue)

a)

fell

b)

made

c)

dropped

66.

Major international companies can't ......... out the popularity of the anti-capitalist movement.

(informal: find it hard to understand)

a)

figure

b)

cut

c)

carry

67.

An alarming number of students ...... out of school early every year.

(to leave a race, competition, a course of study, etc., early or before you have finished)

a)

jump

b)

drop

c)

fall

68.

Many developing countries are failing to ...... up with their more developed neighbors.

(to get to the same level)

a)

run

b)

chase

c)

catch

69.

It can take months or even years for political scandals to ..... down.

(to become less strong)

a)

die

b)

cut

c)

fall

70.

It is only at election time that senators .......... on support from their constituents.

(to rely/depend on other people)

a)

add

b)

face

c)

count

71.

The President decided to ......... his visit to Europe.

(to not to go ahead with a plan)

a)

shout

b)

call

c)

cry

72.

They refused to ........... up to their responsibilities, with disastrous consequences.

(to accept an unpleasant state of affairs, and try to deal with it)

a)

face

b)

move

c)

come

73.

Some parents are criticized for the way they ........ up their children.

(to raise children)

a)

bring

b)

make

c)

throw

74.

The word "hefty" in the paragraph has similar meaning with ...

a)

cheap

b)

economical

c)

costly

d)

inexpensive

75.

The word "reluctant" in the paragraph has similar meaning with ...

a)

Eager

b)

Happy

c)

Excited

d)

Unwilling

76.

They in "they were popular" (last line) refer to ...

a)

Tommy

b)

Tommy's friend

c)

Tika

d)

Tika and her friends

77.

His in "... his usual table..." (line 3) refers to ...

a)

Tommy

b)

Tika

c)

Tommy's friend

d)

Tika's friend

78.

He in "...he was completely alone" (line 2) refers to ....

a)

Tommy

b)

Tika

c)

Tika's friends

d)

Popular person

79.

As a young man, George Washington liked boating, to hunt,

and fishing.

(Find the error)

a)

man

b)

boating

c)

to hunt

d)

fishing

80.

She held jobs as typist, a housekeeper, and in a restaurant.

(Find the error)

a)

jobs

b)

typist

c)

housekeeper

d)

and

81.

The maple leaves ..... red in the autumn.

a)

turned

b)

turns

c)

turn

d)

is turning

82.

...... invisible to the unaided eye, ultraviolet light can be detected in a number of ways

a)

Although is

b)

Despite

c)

Even though it

d)

Although

83.

No one knows what color dinosaurs were ..... no sample

of their skin has survived.

a)

because of

b)

because that

c)

it is because

d)

because