WorksheetsAP Bio Bacterial Transformation
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
What is genetic transformation?
A prokaryotic cell turning into a eukaryotic cell
Foreign DNA being inserted into a plasmid
A host organism taking in foreign DNA
A gene being mutated
What is the purpose of the Luria broth (LB) when performing genetic transformation?
Provides resistance to antibiotics
Provides nutrients needed for bacteria growth
Stabilizes the plasmid being given to the host organism
Sterilizes the instruments
Which is not a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
contains a nucleus
contains plasmid DNA
single-celled
enclosed by a cell wall
A "-ampR" cell
has the ampR gene in it's plasmid and is resistant to ampicillin
does not have the ampR gene in it's plasmid and is resistant to ampicillin
has the ampR gene in it's plasmid and is not resistant to ampicillin
does not have the ampR gene in it's plasmid and is not resistant to ampicillin
What does it mean for cells to be competent
They are made to be 'smart' through genetic engineering
Their cell walls are altered to allow DNA to pass more easily
They contain regular DNA and plasmid DNA
They contain a gene for resistance to ampicillin
What process increases the competency of cells?
calcium chloride and an ice bath
calcium chloride and heat shock
Luria broth (LB) and an ice bath
Luria broth (LB) and heat shock
Which is the correct sequence for the process of genetic transformation?
bacterial cells transferred to cold CaCl2 , plasma with foreign DNA added bacteria , cells heat shocked at 42oC , cells spread on agar petri dish , bacteria given time to grow on petri dish
bacterial cells transferred to cold CaCl2 , cells heat shocked at 42oC , plasma with foreign DNA added bacteria , bacteria given time to grow on petri dish , cells spread on agar petri dish
plasma with foreign DNA added bacteria , bacterial cells transferred to cold CaCl2 , cells spread on agar petri dish , bacteria given time to grow on petri dish , cells heat shocked at 42oC
Which one of these agar plates contains bacteria most like the original bacterial culture
+pGLO LB/amp
+pGLO LB/amp/ara
-pGLO LB/amp
-pGLO LB
Which one of these agar plates would there be no bacteria growth?
+pGLO LB/amp
+pGLO LB/amp/ara
-pGLO LB/amp
-pGLO LB
Which image is a plasmid?
The plasmids scientists use in a lab are MOST COMMONLY found in
plants
animals
archaea
bacteria
All plasmids have an origin of replication which is necessary for
DNA to be duplicated
DNA to be transcribed into RNA
DNA to be inserted easily
DNA to be cut open
All plasmids have a promoter region which is necessary for
DNA to be duplicated
DNA to be transcribed into RNA
DNA to be inserted easily
DNA to be cut open
When bacteria is able to take up DNA, it is considered
permeable
semi-permeable
competent
curated
This image is representing a successful bacterial transformation
True
False
Why are cells incubated at 42o C?
At 42o C, bacterial cells begin releasing DNA for other cells to take up
This is a good recovery temperature after heat shock
At 42o C, the membranes of bacterial cells begin to degrade, creating pores through which DNA can enter the cell
Ampicillin (antibiotic) is used in the plates to
isolate and select for only the bacteria that have been successfully transformed
give bacteria energy to grow
act as a trigger to turn on the expression of the gene of interest
give the bacteria a new trait (such as fluorescence or insulin production)
Arabinose is used in the plates to
isolate and select for only the bacteria that have been successfully transformed
give bacteria energy to grow
act as a trigger to turn on the expression of the gene of interest
give the bacteria a new trait (such as fluorescence or insulin production)
How is it possible for a human gene to be expressed in a bacterial cell?
The DNA structure and code is the same in all living organisms; therefore, bacterial contain the same cell machinery for performing transcription and translation and can read the same DNA as human cells.
It isn't possible naturally; we have to genetically modify bacterial cells by introducing specific human gene expression enzymes and machinery.
It is possible for bacteria to express a human gene if the inserted gene is below a base pair length.
What is the relationship between proteins and traits?
Proteins carry the genetic information that is responsible for traits.
Traits control protein expression.
Proteins produced by expression of genes result in traits
