WorksheetsEukaryotic Gene Regulation
Total questions: 21
Worksheet time: 11mins
Eukaryotes need to regulate their genes
during cell specialization that occurs during development
in order to maintain homeostasis
both a and b
neither a or b
Which of the following is a control element for eukaryotic genes? Select all that apply.
promoter sequence
silencer sequence
enhancer sequence
activator
One way to regulate the expression of a gene is to control the formation of mRNA. This is called ___ control.
transcriptional
translational
post-transcriptional
post-translational
Which of the following is/are similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression?
both use proteins to interact with the DNA to control gene expression
both have histones complexed with their DNA
both separate the processes of transcription and translation spatially
all of the above
___ are DNA sequences which are often located far from the genes they regulate in eukaryotes and are where transcription activators can bind.
histones
promotors
enhancers
Chromatin remodeling complexes make temporary changes in the nucleosome to make DNA less tightly bound to the histone core. When DNA becomes loose, access to promoter sites by transcription factors are then allowed therefore resulting in protein formation and gene expression.
False
True
Which of the following help to turn genes on so that they are expressed (transcribed and translated)?
a high level of condensation (coiling around histones)
histone acetylation
DNA methylation
histone methylation
Which of the following are types of post-transcriptional control of genes in eukaryotes?
alternative RNA splicing or processing
gene silencing through RNA interference
destruction of ubiquitin tagged proteins
all of the above
Alternative RNA splicing involves
removing introns and splicing the same exons together
removing exons and splicing the same introns together
removing introns and splicing different exons together
removing exons and splicing different introns together
What is occurring in this diagram?
This is an mRNA which is being replicated. Two exonucleases can now chop the ends of the sequences and degrade the mRNA strands.
This is mRNA degradation. Endonuclease enzyme cuts the mRNA into two fragments. Two exonucleases can now hydrolyse at 3’ end or 5’ end.
After the mRNA strand is cleaved into two different fragments by endonuclease, two enzymes attach to the ends, ligating the enzymes. This is so that they can attach to the surface of the cell which inactivates them.
The mRNA eventually degrades naturally into two pieces. The sequences now become nonfunctional as they are disconnected
How does a repressor binding to a silencer repress gene expression? This diagram can be used to aid your answer
A silencer will recruit other enzymes and proteins. These methylate the gene of interest, covering it which prevents RNA polymerase from accessing them, and stops gene expression.
A silencer causes RNA polymerase to dissociate from template, preventing it from moving downstream to gene of interest and repressing gene expression.
A repressor bound to a silencer inactivates RNA polymerase, preventing gene expression from occurring.
A repressor binding to a silencer, brings the repressor near the RNA polymerase II, preventing it from binding to the gene of interest and silencing gene expression.
The DNA is tightly wrapped around the histone proteins and the gene is methylated.
The gene is silenced.
The gene is active.
It is impossible to tell.
The gene is on and off at various times.
A distal control region that activators bind to so they can contact the transcription initiation complex
enhancers
promoters
repressors
transcription factors
What are the two major ways gene expression is controlled in eukaryotes?
Through inducible and non-inducible factors
Through introns and exons
Through the use of operons
Through control of transcription initiation, and DNA packaging
