WorksheetsCell Structures Organelles Compartmentalization
Total questions: 26
Worksheet time: 17mins
Membrane-bound organelles have been an
important component in the evolution of complex,
multicellular organisms. Which of the following
best summarizes an advantage of eukaryotic cells
having internal membranes?
Eukaryotic cells are able to reproduce faster because of the presence of organelles.
Some organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, are similar to prokaryotic cells in structure.
Organelles isolate specific reactions, increasing metabolic efficiency.
Compartmentalization leads to a higher mutation rate in DNA, which leads to more new species.
Which of the following observations best supports the claim that mitochondria evolved from once-free-living prokaryotic cells by the process of endocytosis?
Mitochondria produce ATP
Mitochondria contain proteins
Mitochondria exchange substances with the cytosol.
Mitochondria are surrounded by a double membrane.
Since eukaryotic cells are big, how do they get nutrients to the center efficiently?
compartmentalization
specialization
They have your mom in there to help them
Cell cycle control
_____ and _____ are organelles that arose from endosymbiosis
nucleus and cell membrane
mitochondria and chloroplasts
cell wall and chloroplasts
mitochondria and nucleus
Which type of cell does NOT contain membrane-bound organelles?
plant cells
animal cells
prokaryotic cells
eukaryotic cells
The theory of Endosymbiosis explains
The origin of eukaryotes
How bacteria live
How species develop
Why cells rely on one another
What are evidence to support endosymbiotic theory? Choose all that apply.
Mitochondria is found outside the cells
Mitochondria and chloroplast can divide independently
Mitochondria and chloroplast have a double membrane
Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own genetic material
Which of the following characteristics make mitochondria and chloroplasts different from other organelles?
They are much bigger
The are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
They both make ATP
They were once free-living prokaryotes
Which of the following is evidence to support the endosymbiotic theory?
Prokaryotes have the same number and types of enzymes as eukaryotes.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, which is similar to prokaryotic DNA.
All eukaryotic cells have a double-layered membrane composed of phosplipids and proteins.
Fossil evidence shows that the first forms of life were prokaryotic cells.
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts have their own DNA which means they can divide themselves. True or False?
True
False
Which of the following is the "receiving" side of the Golgi apparatus?
cis
trans
gamma
iota
Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?
Detoxification of the cell and lipid synthesis.
Protein and rRNA synthesis.
Synthesis of chemical energy (adenosine triphosphate).
Chemical modification of newly synthesized proteins before they are packaged for trafficking to other parts of the cell or outside of the cell.
In plants, what is the primary function of vacuoles?
To maintain water pressure inside of the cell.
To remove waste from inside of the cell.
To store nutrients inside of the cell.
To synthesize new membranes for the cell.
Which of the following membrane-bound organelles is responsible for hydrolysis (using enzymes to break down macromolecules)?
Vacuoles
Chloroplasts
Lysosomes
Peroxisomes
Which of the following is a reason that cells are so small?
Cells are small because they want to maximize their surface area-to-volume ratio.
Cells are small because they want to maximize their volume-to-surface area ratio.
Cells are small because they need to produce extremely small macromolecules.
Cells are small because they prefer to work together in clusters of many thousands that wouldn't otherwise fit anywhere.
Which solid with a volume of 12 sq. units would have the greatest surface area to volume ratio?
1cm x 1cm x 12cm
1cm x 2cm x 6cm
1cm x 4cm x 3cm
2cm x 2cm x 3cm
Which of the following shows a protein's pathway through the endomembrane system?
Nucleus to Golgi to Rough ER to plasma membrane
Transport vesicle to Golgi to Rough ER to Plasma membrane
Rough ER to Golgi to transport vesicle to plasma membrane
Transport vesicle to Golgi to rough ER to plasma membrane
The mitochondria has a double membrane which creates different parts of the mitochondria where certain reactions involved with respiration can take place. This is an example of what?
Compartmentalization
Active transport
Diffusion
Endosymbiosis
Using the image at right, where do the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place?
Cell cytosol
Stroma of chloroplast
Thylakoids
Mitochondria
An intestinal virus infects and destroys cells lining the intestine. Normal intestinal cells have infoldings of the plasma membrane call microvilli where the cells absorb nutrients through the membrane. As cells regrow, the microvilli are short and incomplete. Affected cells are on the left. Which of the following would best describe the effect of the shorter microvilli ?
it decreases the space for more Golgi bodies , which reduces production of proteins
it decreases the number of mitochondria, which affects energy production
shorter microvilli decrease the surface area of the membranes, which means less absorption of nutrients
shorter microvilli reduces the amount of lipids, affecting the fluidity of the membrane
Healthy intestinal cells absorb nutrients through their membrane. Above are measurements of 4 different cells. Which of the following would provide the most efficient absorption of nutrients?
cell 1
cell 2
cell 3
cell 4
What is the role of ribosomes?
To store genetic information.
To produce glycolipids.
To synthesize proteins.
To hydrolyze waste materials.
Which of the following is not found in all forms of life, and therefore is not evidence of the common ancestry of life?
Nuclei
Ribosomes
Plasma Membranes
Cytosol
Which of the following is a difference between smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
Smooth ER exists in a part of the cell near the cell membrane, while rough ER exists in a part of the cell near the nucleus.
Smooth ER is not studded by ribosomes, while rough ER is studded by ribosomes.
Smooth ER is meant to compartmentalize the cell, while rough ER detoxifies and synthesizes lipids.
Smooth ER is made without the additional help of proteins, whereas rough ER is made with the help of special proteins called reticuloproteins.
