A technique used to determine the distance of nearby stars by observing their "shift" in position based on background stars

A method for measuring the brightness of distant galaxies

A process for calculating the age of stars based on their color

A technique for identifying exoplanets by observing their gravitational effects

A unit of luminosity equal to the Sun (1 L☉ = 3.828 × 10^{26} W)

A measure of the brightness of a star compared to the Sun

A unit of energy emitted by a star per second

A measure of the distance from the Earth to the Sun

The distance light travels in one year (9.46 \times 10^{12} km or 9,460,000,000,000 km)

The distance light travels in one month (2.52 \times 10^{11} km)

The distance light travels in one day (2.59 \times 10^{10} km)

The distance light travels in one hour (1.08 \times 10^{9} km)

The brightness of a celestial object as seen from Earth

The distance of a celestial object from Earth

The size of a celestial object

The temperature of a celestial object

A method to visualize the solar system's formation

A method to reasonably visualize and comprehend the chronology of the universe's 14 billion year history

A calendar used by ancient civilizations to track lunar cycles

A timeline of significant events in human history

The average distance between the Earth and the Sun

The distance light travels in one year

The distance from the Earth to the Moon

The distance between Mars and Jupiter

A unit of angular measurement equal to 1/60 of a degree

A unit of distance measurement equal to 1/60 of a meter

A unit of time measurement equal to 1/60 of a second

A unit of temperature measurement equal to 1/60 of a Celsius degree

A

B

C

D

Used to determine the chemical composition of stars

A method for measuring the speed of light

A technique for analyzing sound waves

A process for studying the motion of planets

A unit of mass equal to the Earth (1 M☉ = 5.972 imes 10^{24} kg)

A unit of mass equal to the Sun (1 M☉ = 1.989 \times 10^{30} kg)

A unit of mass equal to the Moon (1 M☉ = 7.347 imes 10^{22} kg)

A unit of mass equal to Jupiter (1 M☉ = 1.898 imes 10^{27} kg)

Equal to 3.26 ly (3.086 × 10^{13} km or 13,103,086,000,000,000 km)

Equal to 4.24 ly (4.023 × 10^{13} km or 16,000,000,000,000,000 km)

Equal to 1.5 ly (1.5 × 10^{13} km or 6,000,000,000,000,000 km)

Equal to 10 ly (9.461 × 10^{15} km or 60,000,000,000,000,000 km)

100 parsecs

1,000 parsecs

10,000 parsecs

0.001 parsecs

1,000 parsecs

10,000 parsecs

1,000,000 parsecs

100,000 parsecs

The time it takes Earth to complete one rotation relative to distant stars; shorter than a solar day (23 h 56 min)

The time it takes Earth to complete one rotation relative to the Sun; approximately 24 hours

The time it takes for the Moon to orbit the Earth; about 27.3 days

The time it takes for the Earth to revolve around the Sun; about 365.25 days

The brightness of an object as seen from Earth

The inherent brightness of an object as if it were a standard distance of 10 parsecs from Earth

The brightness of an object when viewed through a telescope

The brightness of an object compared to the Sun

Base unit of temperature in the metric system (0 K = -273.15 °C)

Unit of pressure in the metric system

Unit of length in the metric system

Base unit of mass in the metric system

A unit of length equal to the radius of the Earth (1R☉ = 6,371 km)

A unit of length used to express the size of stars, equal to the radius of the Sun (1R☉ = 696,340 km)

A unit of length equal to the diameter of the Sun (1R☉ = 1,392,680 km)

A unit of length used to express the size of planets, equal to the radius of Jupiter (1R☉ = 69,911 km)