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Toefl Structure and Reading Test

Total questions: 115

Worksheet time: 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The study indicates that we _____ increase coverage of supplementation

a)

should try to

b)

try to

c)

must try to

d)

may try to

2.

When I arrived home, I could not _____ the door because I lost my key.

a)

opens

b)

opened

c)

open

d)

opening

3.

The authors noted that their results _____ pregnant women in other low- and middle- income countries

a)

might to apply to

b)

might applied

c)

might apply to

d)

might applying

4.

What are some of the best practices that health and emergency responders _______ in mind when using social media?

a)

should to keep

b)

should kept

c)

will to keep

d)

to keep

5.

She will a) work b) on the project only if she c) can d) has a full-time secretary.

a)

a

b)

b

c)

c

d)

d

6.

She doesn’t have _____ money so she can’t afford to live on her own.

a)

any

b)

some

c)

a illtle

7.

I'd like _____ sugar

a)

any

b)

some

c)

a few

d)

much

8.

The witnesses saw that most o f the fire in the hills was extinguished .

a)

Correct

b)

Incorrect

9.

We believe that some of the time of the employees is going to be devoted to quality

control.

a)

Correct

b)

Incorrect

10.

She did not know where most o f the people in the room was from.

a)

Correct

b)

Incorrect

11.

Today, chiya is ............ her grandparents, she loves .......... with her grandmothher

a)

visiting - cook

b)

visit - cooking

c)

visiting - cooking

12.

She went .......................... at Ramayana Dept. Store

a)

Shop

b)

Shopped

c)

Shops

d)

Shopping

13.

We will be ...........here for 3 days.

a)

staying

b)

stays

c)

stayed

d)

stay

14.

The process of _______ by hand has changed little since the fifteenth century.

a)

to bind books

b)

binding books

c)

books are bound

d)

bound books

15.

Which one is NOT CORRECT


Ornithology, the study of birds, is one of the major scientific fields in which amateurs play a role in accumulating, researching, and publish data

a)

major

b)

fields

c)

play

d)

publish

16.

what is the correct sentence?

a)

I had broken the window

b)

I had brok in the window

c)

i hab broke the windows

d)

i have brouk the windows

17.

You can using the past participle. Use have or has.

She_______ (eat) all of the cookies.

a)

She have eat all of the cookies

b)

She has eaten all of the cookies

c)

she hab eat all of the cookies

d)

she has eat all of the cookies

18.

Michael _________ (beat) to his friend

a)

Michael hab beat to his friend

b)

Michael have beaten to his friend

c)

Michael has bieat to his friend

d)

Michael has beaten to his friend

19.

The teachers__________ (walk) a lot of

a)

The teachers has walk a lot of

b)

The teachers have walked a lot of

c)

The teachers has walk a lot of

d)

The teachers haven walked a lot of

20.

Alice _______________ (not be) hungry because she __________ (just/eat).

a)

wasn’t/ had just eaten

b)

is not/ had just eaten

c)

wasn’t/ has just eaten

d)

wasn’t/ had eaten

21.

It will be a whole month________it arrives.

a)

Before

b)

When

c)

After

d)

Because

22.

I will give you a call______ I get home.

a)

Before

b)

When

c)

After

d)

Since

23.

Make sure you read the whole page________ there could be extra charges.

a)

Before

b)

When

c)

After

d)

Bacause

24.

We stopped playing football …………….…. the heavy rainfall.

a)

although

b)

despite

c)

due to

d)

because

25.

Find the sentence with the reduced clause:

Because there was a long queue, we didn't want to wait.

a)

There being a short queue, we didn't want to wait.

b)

There is a long queue, we didn't want to wait.

c)

There being a long queue, we didn't want to wait.

d)

There being a long queue, we wanted to wait.

26.

The singer _______ you told me was Freda Ellis.

a)

who

b)

that

c)

whom

27.

The doctor _______ works here is very kind.

a)

that

b)

whom

c)

which

28.

Martin is the guy ______ has just bought a new motorcycle.

a)

who

b)

whom

c)

which

29.

The guests _______ I invited to the party were very friendly.

a)

who

b)

that

c)

whom

30.

That's the cell phone _______ I want to buy.

a)

which

b)

who

c)

whom

31.

 Angga asked me … Anna stays. 

a)

where

b)

when

c)

what

d)

how

32.

 The teacher explains … the earth evolved.

a)

what

b)

why

c)

where

d)

when

33.

 … the Ministry of Education demands the teachers to use the online platforms to teachthe students during the covid-19 pandemic.

a)

That

b)

That is

c)

It

d)

It is

34.

Some schools report … students are being given reading assignments andhomework.

a)

it

b)

it is

c)

that is

d)

that

35.

No one from the outside world knew ..... Wakanda was so technologically advanced.

a)

where

b)

that

c)

what

d)

that is

36.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The phrase “attachment to” in line closest in meaning to?

a)

(A) control of

b)

(B) distance from

c)

(C) curiosity about

d)

(D) preference for

37.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The word “protruding” in line 13 is closest in meaning to ?

a)

(A) parallel

b)

(B) simple

c)

(C) projecting

d)

(D) important

38.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The relationship of a mortise and a tenon is most similar to that of ?

a)

(A) a lock and a key

b)

(B) a book and its cover

c)

(C) a cup and a saucer

d)

(C) a cup and a saucer

39.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


For what purpose did woodworkers use an auger ?

a)

(A) To whittle a peg

b)

(B) To make a tenon

c)

(C) To drill a hole

d)

(D) To measure a panel

40.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


Which of the following were NOT used in the construction of colonial furniture ?

a)

(A) Mortises

b)

(B) Nails

c)

(C) Hinges

d)

(D) Screws

41.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The author implies that colonial metalworkers were ?

a)

(A) unable to make elaborate parts

b)

(B) more skilled than woodworkers

c)

(C) more conservative than other colonists

d)

(D) frequently employed by joiners

42.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The word “shield” in line 23 is closest in meaning to ?

a)

(A) decorate

b)

(B) copy

c)

(C) shape

d)

(D) protect

43.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The word “they” in line 25 refers to ?

a)

(A) designs

b)

(B) types

c)

(C) colonists

d)

(D) all

44.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


The author implies that the colonial joiners ?

a)

(A) were highly paid

b)

(B) based their furniture on English models

c)

(C) used many specialized tools

d)

(D) had to adjust to using new kinds of wood in New England

45.

The conservatism of the early English colonists in North America, their strong attachment to the English way of doing things, would play a major part in the furniture that was made in New England. The very tools that the first New England furniture makers used were, after all, not much different from those used for centuries – even millennia: basic hammers, saws, chisels, planes, augers, compasses, and measures. These were the tools used more or less by all people who worked with wood: carpenters, barrel makers, and shipwrights. At most the furniture makers might have had planes with special edges or more delicate chisels, but there could not have been much specialization in the early years of the colonies.

The furniture makers in those early decades of the 1600’s were known as “joiners,”

for the primary method of constructing furniture, at least among the English of this time, was that of mortise-and-tenon joinery. The mortise is the hole chiseled and cut into one piece of wood, while the tenon is the tongue or protruding element shaped from another piece of wood so that it fits into the mortise; and another small hole is then drilled (with the auger) through the mortised end and the tenon so that a whittled peg can secure the joint – thus the term “joiner. ” Panels were fitted into slots on the basic frames. This kind of construction was used for making everything from houses to chests.

Relatively little hardware was used during this period. Some nails – forged by

hand – were used, but no screws or glue. Hinges were often made of leather, but metal hinges were also used. The cruder varieties were made by blacksmiths in the colonies, but the finer metal elements were imported. Locks and escutcheon plates – the latter to shield the wood from the metal key – would often be imported.

Above all, what the early English colonists imported was their knowledge of, familiarity with, and dedication to the traditional types and designs of furniture they knew in England.


Which of the following terms does the author explain in the passage ?

a)

(A) “millennia” (line 5)

b)

(B) “joiners” (line 10)

c)

(C) “whittled” (line 15)

d)

(D) “blacksmiths ” (line 21)

46.

In addition to their military role, the forts of the nineteenth century provided numerous other benefits for the American West. The establishment of these posts opened new roads and provided for the protection of daring adventurers and expeditions as well as established settlers. Forts also served as bases where enterprising entrepreneurs could bring commerce to the Wes t, providing supplies and refreshments to soldiers as well as to pioneers. Posts like Fort Laramie provided supplies for wagon trains traveling the

natural highways toward new frontiers. Some posts became stations for the pony

express; still others, such as Fort Davis, were stagecoach stops for weary travelers. All of these functions, of course, suggest that the contributions of the forts to the civilization and development of the West extended beyond patrol duty.

Through the establishment of military posts, yet other contributions were made to the development of western culture. Many posts maintained libraries or reading rooms,

and some – for example, Fort Davis – had schools. Post chapels provided a setting for religious services and weddings. Throughout the wilderness, post bands provided entertainment and boosted morale. During the last part of the nineteenth century, to reduce expenses, gardening was encouraged at the forts, thus making experimental agriculture another activity of the military. The military stationed at the various forts also played a role in civilian life by assisting in maintaining order, and civilian officials often called on the army for protection.

Certainly, among other significant contributions the army made to the improvement of the conditions of life was the investigation of the relationships among health, climate, and architecture. From the earliest colonial times throughout the nineteenth century, disease ranked as the foremost problem in defense. It slowed construction of forts and inhibited their military functions. Official documents from many regions contained innumerable reports of sickness that virtually incapacitated entire garrisons. In response to the problems, detailed observations of architecture and climate and their relationships to the frequency of the occurrence of various diseases were recorded at various posts across the nation by military surgeons.


Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage ?

a)

(A) By the nineteenth century, forts were no longer used by the military.

b)

(B) Surgeons at forts could not prevent outbreaks of disease.

c)

(C) Forts were important to the development of the American

West

d)

(D) Life in nineteenth-century forts was very rough.

47.

In addition to their military role, the forts of the nineteenth century provided numerous other benefits for the American West. The establishment of these posts opened new roads and provided for the protection of daring adventurers and expeditions as well as established settlers. Forts also served as bases where enterprising entrepreneurs could bring commerce to the Wes t, providing supplies and refreshments to soldiers as well as to pioneers. Posts like Fort Laramie provided supplies for wagon trains traveling the

natural highways toward new frontiers. Some posts became stations for the pony

express; still others, such as Fort Davis, were stagecoach stops for weary travelers. All of these functions, of course, suggest that the contributions of the forts to the civilization and development of the West extended beyond patrol duty.

Through the establishment of military posts, yet other contributions were made to the development of western culture. Many posts maintained libraries or reading rooms,

and some – for example, Fort Davis – had schools. Post chapels provided a setting for religious services and weddings. Throughout the wilderness, post bands provided entertainment and boosted morale. During the last part of the nineteenth century, to reduce expenses, gardening was encouraged at the forts, thus making experimental agriculture another activity of the military. The military stationed at the various forts also played a role in civilian life by assisting in maintaining order, and civilian officials often called on the army for protection.

Certainly, among other significant contributions the army made to the improvement of the conditions of life was the investigation of the relationships among health, climate, and architecture. From the earliest colonial times throughout the nineteenth century, disease ranked as the foremost problem in defense. It slowed construction of forts and inhibited their military functions. Official documents from many regions contained innumerable reports of sickness that virtually incapacitated entire garrisons. In response to the problems, detailed observations of architecture and climate and their relationships to the frequency of the occurrence of various diseases were recorded at various posts across the nation by military surgeons.


The word “daring” in line 3 is closest in meaning to ?

a)

(A) lost

b)

(B) bold

c)

(C) lively

d)

(D) foolish

48.

In addition to their military role, the forts of the nineteenth century provided numerous other benefits for the American West. The establishment of these posts opened new roads and provided for the protection of daring adventurers and expeditions as well as established settlers. Forts also served as bases where enterprising entrepreneurs could bring commerce to the Wes t, providing supplies and refreshments to soldiers as well as to pioneers. Posts like Fort Laramie provided supplies for wagon trains traveling the

natural highways toward new frontiers. Some posts became stations for the pony

express; still others, such as Fort Davis, were stagecoach stops for weary travelers. All of these functions, of course, suggest that the contributions of the forts to the civilization and development of the West extended beyond patrol duty.

Through the establishment of military posts, yet other contributions were made to the development of western culture. Many posts maintained libraries or reading rooms,

and some – for example, Fort Davis – had schools. Post chapels provided a setting for religious services and weddings. Throughout the wilderness, post bands provided entertainment and boosted morale. During the last part of the nineteenth century, to reduce expenses, gardening was encouraged at the forts, thus making experimental agriculture another activity of the military. The military stationed at the various forts also played a role in civilian life by assisting in maintaining order, and civilian officials often called on the army for protection.

Certainly, among other significant contributions the army made to the improvement of the conditions of life was the investigation of the relationships among health, climate, and architecture. From the earliest colonial times throughout the nineteenth century, disease ranked as the foremost problem in defense. It slowed construction of forts and inhibited their military functions. Official documents from many regions contained innumerable reports of sickness that virtually incapacitated entire garrisons. In response to the problems, detailed observations of architecture and climate and their relationships to the frequency of the occurrence of various diseases were recorded at various posts across the nation by military surgeons.


Which of the following would a traveler be likely be LEAST likely to obtain at Fort Laramie ?

a)

(A) Fresh water

b)

(B) Food

c)

(C) Formal clothing

d)

(D) Lodging

49.

In addition to their military role, the forts of the nineteenth century provided numerous other benefits for the American West. The establishment of these posts opened new roads and provided for the protection of daring adventurers and expeditions as well as established settlers. Forts also served as bases where enterprising entrepreneurs could bring commerce to the Wes t, providing supplies and refreshments to soldiers as well as to pioneers. Posts like Fort Laramie provided supplies for wagon trains traveling the

natural highways toward new frontiers. Some posts became stations for the pony

express; still others, such as Fort Davis, were stagecoach stops for weary travelers. All of these functions, of course, suggest that the contributions of the forts to the civilization and development of the West extended beyond patrol duty.

Through the establishment of military posts, yet other contributions were made to the development of western culture. Many posts maintained libraries or reading rooms,

and some – for example, Fort Davis – had schools. Post chapels provided a setting for religious services and weddings. Throughout the wilderness, post bands provided entertainment and boosted morale. During the last part of the nineteenth century, to reduce expenses, gardening was encouraged at the forts, thus making experimental agriculture another activity of the military. The military stationed at the various forts also played a role in civilian life by assisting in maintaining order, and civilian officials often called on the army for protection.

Certainly, among other significant contributions the army made to the improvement of the conditions of life was the investigation of the relationships among health, climate, and architecture. From the earliest colonial times throughout the nineteenth century, disease ranked as the foremost problem in defense. It slowed construction of forts and inhibited their military functions. Official documents from many regions contained innumerable reports of sickness that virtually incapacitated entire garrisons. In response to the problems, detailed observations of architecture and climate and their relationships to the frequency of the occurrence of various diseases were recorded at various posts across the nation by military surgeons.


The word “others” in line 8 refers to ?

a)

(A) posts

b)

(B) wagon trains

c)

(C) frontiers

d)

(D) highways

50.

In addition to their military role, the forts of the nineteenth century provided numerous other benefits for the American West. The establishment of these posts opened new roads and provided for the protection of daring adventurers and expeditions as well as established settlers. Forts also served as bases where enterprising entrepreneurs could bring commerce to the Wes t, providing supplies and refreshments to soldiers as well as to pioneers. Posts like Fort Laramie provided supplies for wagon trains traveling the

natural highways toward new frontiers. Some posts became stations for the pony

express; still others, such as Fort Davis, were stagecoach stops for weary travelers. All of these functions, of course, suggest that the contributions of the forts to the civilization and development of the West extended beyond patrol duty.

Through the establishment of military posts, yet other contributions were made to the development of western culture. Many posts maintained libraries or reading rooms,

and some – for example, Fort Davis – had schools. Post chapels provided a setting for religious services and weddings. Throughout the wilderness, post bands provided entertainment and boosted morale. During the last part of the nineteenth century, to reduce expenses, gardening was encouraged at the forts, thus making experimental agriculture another activity of the military. The military stationed at the various forts also played a role in civilian life by assisting in maintaining order, and civilian officials often called on the army for protection.

Certainly, among other significant contributions the army made to the improvement of the conditions of life was the investigation of the relationships among health, climate, and architecture. From the earliest colonial times throughout the nineteenth century, disease ranked as the foremost problem in defense. It slowed construction of forts and inhibited their military functions. Official documents from many regions contained innumerable reports of sickness that virtually incapacitated entire garrisons. In response to the problems, detailed observations of architecture and climate and their relationships to the frequency of the occurrence of various diseases were recorded at various posts across the nation by military surgeons.


The word “boosted” in line 15 is closest in meaning to ?

a)

(A) influenced

b)

(B) established

c)

(C) raised

d)

(D) maintained

51.

A three-foot octopus can crawl through a hole_______in diameter.

a)

than one inch less

b)

less than one inch

c)

one less inch than

d)

than less one inch

52.

_______adopted the decimal system of coinage in 1867.

a)

canada

b)

when canada

c)

canada, which

d)

there was canada

53.

Generally, the representatives_______a legislature are constitutionally elected by a broad spectrum of

the population.

a)

who they compose

b)

who compose

c)

had compose

d)

compose

54.

The Actor’s Studio, a professional actors’ workshop in New York City, provides________where actors

can work together without the pressure of commercial production.

a)

a place and

b)

a place

c)

so tha a place

d)

a place is

55.

________that life began billions of years ago in the water.

a)

it is believed

b)

in the belief

c)

the belief

d)

believing

56.

By 1872 the United States had 70 engineering

colleges,______ astonishing expansion credited

largely to the Morrill Act of 1862.

a)

because

b)

an

c)

to which

d)

was

57.

The artist Romare Bcarden was_______whose yellows, deep blues, and fuchsias contrasted

strongly with photographic gray in his bright collages.

a)

with a gift for color

b)

a gifted colorist

c)

a gift with colorful

d)

gifted with coloring

58.

The most important chemical catalyst on this planet is chlorophyll, ______carbon dioxide and water

react to form carbohydrates.

a)

whose presence

b)

which is present

c)

presenting

d)

in te presence of which

59.

One theory of the origin of the universe is______from the explosion of a tiny, extremely dense fireball

several billion years ago.

a)

because what formed

b)

the formation that

c)

that it formed

d)

when forming

60.

Roads in the United States remained crude,______ with graved or wood planks, until the beginning of

the twentieth century.

a)

were unsurefaced or they covered them

b)

which unsureface or covered

c)

unsurfaced or covered them

d)

unsurfaced or covered

61.

Portrait prints were the first reproductions of American paintings ______ widely distributed in the

United States.

a)

were

b)

that which

c)

that being

d)

to be

62.

Bambang was prodigious letter writer, _____ many editions of her letters have been published.

a)

who

b)

and

c)

in addition to

d)

due to

63.

In geometry, an ellipse may be defined as the locus of all points ______distances from two fixed points is constant.

a)

which as the sum of

b)

of the sum which

c)

whose sum of whose

d)

whose sum that the

64.

______at the site of a fort established by the Northwest Mounted Police, Calgary is now one of

Canada’s fastest growing cities.

a)

built

b)

it is built

c)

to build

d)

having built

65.

An image on a national flag can symbolize political ideals that _____express.

a)

take many words to otherwise would.

b)

would take to many otherwise words

c)

many words to take would otherwise

d)

would otherwise take many words to

66.

A variation of collodion photography was the tintype, which captured images on a black or dark brown metal plate instead from on glass.

a)

variation

b)

which

c)

or

d)

instead from

67.

In cases of minor injury to the brain, amnesia is likely to be a temporarily condition.

a)

in cases

b)

to

c)

likely

d)

temporarily

68.

The system of chemical symbols, first devised about 1800 gives a concise and instantly recognizable description of a element or compound.

a)

system

b)

instantly

c)

a

d)

or

69.

The fact that white light is light composed of various wavelengths may be demonstrating by dispersing a beam of such light through a prism.

a)

The fact that

b)

composed of

c)

demonstrating

d)

such

70.

Over the course of history, much civilizations developed their own number systems.

a)

over

b)

much

c)

their own

d)

systems

71.

Before we returned from swimming in the river near the camp,

 someone had stole our clothes, and we had to walk back with our

       towels around us

a)

Before we returned

b)

had stole

c)

back

d)

around us

72.

The department of Foreign Language are not located in the new

      building opposite the old one

a)

the

b)

are

c)

in

d)

opposite

73.

Ralph has called his lawyers last night to tell him about his problems,

 but was told that the lawyers had gone to a lecture.

a)

has called

b)

to tell

c)

that

d)

had gone

74.

The population of California more than doubled during the period 1940-1960, creating problems in road-building and provide water for its arid southern section.

a)

more than

b)

during the

c)

provide

d)

southern section

75.

Although based it on feudal models, the colony of Pennsylvania developed a reputation for a progressive political and social outlook.

a)

based it on

b)

developed

c)

reputation for

d)

progressive political

76.

Hard and resistant to corrosion, bronze is traditionally used in bell casting and is the material used widely most for metal sculpture.

a)

hard

b)

is traditionally

c)

widely most

d)

sculpture.

77.

The United States census for 1970 showed that the French-speaking residents of Louisiana were one of the country’s most compact regional linguistic minority.

a)

for

b)

showed that

c)

were

d)

minority

78.

The main office of the factory can be found in william Iskandar Street in Medan City.

                                         

a)

the main

b)

be found

c)

in

d)

street

79.

The lecturer had already given the homework assignment when he had remembered that   Monday was a holiday.        

a)

the homework assignment

b)

had remembered

c)

monday

d)

was

80.

We thought he is planning to go on vocation after the first of the month

a)

is

b)

to go on vocation

c)

after

d)

the first of

81.

They are planning on attending the convention next month, and so I am.

a)

planning on

b)

attending

c)

next

d)

so I am

82.

.  While searching for the wreckage of a unidentified aircraft, the Coast Guard encountered severe squalls at sea.

a)

while searching

b)

the

c)

a

d)

severe

83.

Writers and media personnel sell theirselves best by the impression given in their verbal expression.   

a)

personnel

b)

theirselves

c)

by

d)

expression

84.

The test administrator ordered we not to open our books until he told us to do so

a)

test

b)

we

c)

not to open

d)

told us to do

85.

. Until his last class at the university in 1978, Bob always turns in all of   

his assignments on time

a)

until

b)

turns

c)

of

d)

on

86.

The identification of the text can be found in…..

a)

The 1st sentence of the 1st paragraph

b)

The 1st sentence of the 2nd paragraph

c)

The last sentence of the 1st paragraph

d)

The last sentence of the 2nd paragraph

87.

How is the climate in Jakarta?

a)

Cool and fresh

b)

Hot and fresh

c)

hot and humid

d)

cool and humid

88.

Heavy rainfall possibly takes place in Jakarta on…..

a)

December, January, February

b)

April, May, June

c)

May, June, July

d)

June, July, August

89.

Flood often happens in Jakarta, because…..

a)

Jakarta is located on the northwest coast of Java Island

b)

Jakarta is the capital city

c)

Jakarta is high populated

d)

Jakarta lies on a flat low plain

90.

The city lies on a flat and low plain. The closest meaning to the world’s ‘plain’ is…

a)

mountain

b)

land

c)

river

d)

climate

91.

The word "shape" in line 1 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

a)

length

b)

grace

c)

form

d)

nature

92.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true of sea anemones?

a)

They are usually tiny

b)

They have flexible bodies

c)

They are related to jellyfish

d)

They are usually brightly colored

93.

It can be inferred from the passage that sea anemones are usually found

a)

attached to stationary surfaces

b)

hidden inside cylindrical objects

c)

floating among underwater flowers  

d)

chasing prey around wharf pilings

94.

The word "capture" in line 8 is closest in meaning to which of the following ?

a)

catch

b)

control

c)

cover

d)

clean

95.

The word "disturbed" in line 11 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

a)

bothered

b)

hungry

c)

tired

d)

sick

96.

Which of the following is the best title for the passage

a)

New Developments in Viral Research

b)

Exploring the Causes of Disease

c)

DNA: Nature’s Building Block

d)

Understanding Viruses

97.

The word "proven" in line 4 is closest meaning to which of the following

a)

shown

b)

feared

c)

imagined

d)

considered

98.

The word  nature" in line 6 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

a)

Self-sufficiency

b)

shapes

c)

characteristics

d)

speed

99.

The author implies that bacteria were investigated earlier than viruses because

a)

bacteria are easier to detect

b)

bacteria are harder to eradicate

c)

viruses are extremely poisonous

d)

viruses are found only in hot climates

100.

All of the following may be components of a virus EXCEPT

a)

RNA

b)

plant cells

c)

carbohydrates

d)

a coat of protein

101.

What is the main topic of the passage?

a)

The mechanics of rain

b)

The climate of North America

c)

How gravity affects agriculture

d)

Types of clouds

102.

The word "minute" in line 5 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

a)

second

b)

tiny

c)

slow

d)

predictable

103.

Why don' t all ice crystals in clouds immediately fall to earth?

a)

They are balanced by the pressure of rain droplets.

b)

The effect of gravity at high altitude is random.

c)

They are kept aloft by air currents.

d)

The heat from the sun' S rays melts them.

104.

The word 'motion" in line 6 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

a)

wind

b)

descent

c)

movement

d)

humidity

105.

What can be inferred about drops of water larger than 1/125 inch in diameter?

a)

They never occur

b)

They are not affected by the force of gravity

c)

In still air they would fall to earth.

d)

In moving air they fall at a speed of thirty-two miles per hour.

106.

In this passage, what does the term "coalescence" refer to?

a)

The gathering of small clouds to form larger clouds

b)

The growth of droplets

c)

The fall of raindrops and other precipitation

d)

The movement of dust particles in the sunlight

107.

What is the diameter of the average cloud droplet?

a)

1/16 inch

b)

1/125 inch

c)

1/2500 inch

d)

one million of an inch

108.

What is the main idea of the passage?

a)

Trees grow to great heights.

b)

Trees have been important to people throughout history.

c)

Trees make humans seem superior

d)

Trees that grow in California are very old.

109.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way in which people have used trees?

a)

For furniture

b)

for housing

c)

For nourishment

110.

In line 4, the phrase "giant patriarchs" could best be replaced by which of the following?

a)

tiny seeds

b)

important leaders

c)

towering trees

d)

Egyptian pyramids

111.

In line 11, the word "they" refers to which of the following?

a)

trees

b)

Grandeur and mystery

c)

seasons

d)

People's spiritual horizons

112.

Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?

a)

The characteristics of bacteria 

b)

How bacteria reproduce

c)

The various functions of bacteria

d)

How bacteria contribute to disease

113.

Bacteria are measured in

a)

inches

b)

centimeters

c)

microns

d)

millimeters

114.

The relationship between a bacterium and its flagella is most nearly analogous to which of the following?

a)

A rider jumping on a horse's back 

b)

A ball being hit by a bat

c)

A boat powered by a motor

d)

A door closed by a gust of wind

115.

In line 17, the author compares water to molasses, in order to introduce which of the following topics?

a)

The bacterial content of different liquids

b)

What happens when bacteria are added to molasses

c)

The molecular structures of different chemicals

d)

How difficult it is for bacteria to move through water