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6.13 Analysis, calculation and results.

Total questions: 79

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the purpose of understanding how material testing results are interpreted?

a)

To improve material quality

b)

To choose suitable materials for engineering applications

c)

To reduce costs

d)

To increase production speed

2.

Material testing results are interpreted by plotting ______ graphs for different materials.

a)

temperature/pressure

b)

stress/strain

c)

velocity/time

d)

mass/volume

3.

What is the act of applying a force to a material known as?

a)

Stress

b)

Loading

c)

Strain

d)

Deformation

4.

Fill in the blank: The five forms of loading are compression, tension, shear, torsion, and _______.

a)

Bending

b)

Twisting

c)

Stretching

d)

Breaking

5.

Which of the following is a reason for understanding how material testing results are interpreted?

a)

To improve aesthetic design

b)

To choose suitable materials for engineering applications

c)

To reduce manufacturing costs

d)

To increase product weight.

6.

Fill in the blank: The force represented by the number 4 in the visualization is known as ______.

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Shear

d)

Torsion

7.

Who discovered Hooke's Law?

a)

Isaac Newton

b)

Albert Einstein

c)

Robert Hooke

d)

Galileo Galilei

8.

Hooke's Law states that the size or displacement of the deformation is directly proportional to the ______.

a)

mass

b)

volume

c)

deforming force or load

d)

temperature

9.

What does Hooke's law mathematically express?

a)

A) F = kX

b)

B) F = -kX

c)

C) F = k/X

d)

D) F = X/k

10.

In Hooke's law, the term 'k' represents the ______.

a)

A) force

b)

B) elongation

c)

C) spring constant

d)

D) mass

11.

What is Young's modulus?

a)

A measure of a material's elasticity

b)

A type of metal

c)

A unit of force

d)

A method of testing temperature

12.

Young's modulus is named after which eighteenth-century English physician and physicist?

a)

Isaac Newton

b)

Thomas Young

c)

Michael Faraday

d)

James Clerk Maxwell

13.

What is Young's modulus a measure of?

a)

The ability of a material to withstand changes in length under tension or compression

b)

The ability of a material to conduct electricity

c)

The ability of a material to resist heat

d)

The ability of a material to absorb water.

14.

Fill in the blank: The stress is the quotient of the tensile force divided by the ________.

a)

cross-sectional area

b)

volume

c)

mass

d)

density

15.

What is the formula for Young's modulus?

a)

stress/strain

b)

force/area

c)

mass/volume

d)

velocity/time

16.

Fill in the blank: The units of Young's modulus in the metric system are ______.

a)

pounds per square inch

b)

newtons per square metre

c)

kilograms per cubic meter

d)

joules per second

17.

What is the formula for stress in materials?

a)

σ=F/A

b)

σ=A/F

c)

σ=F*A

d)

σ=F-A

18.

Stress is defined as the ratio of the applied force to the cross-sectional area of the material it is applied to. Fill in the blank: Stress (σ) = ___ / A.

a)

Force (F)

b)

Area (A)

c)

Pressure (P)

d)

Volume (V)

19.

What is strain defined as in material testing?

a)

The change in dimension to the initial dimension

b)

The initial dimension to the change in dimension

c)

The ratio of the change in dimension to the initial dimension

d)

The ratio of the initial dimension to the change in dimension.

20.

Fill in the blank: The formula for calculating strain is ε=(l-__)/lo.

a)

lo

b)

l

c)

ε

d)

o

21.

What is the first stage of a stress-strain curve for ductile materials?

a)

Strain hardening region

b)

Necking region

c)

Linear elastic region

d)

Fracture region

22.

In the stress-strain curve, the strain hardening region occurs when the specimen is subjected to the maximum stress it can sustain, also known as the _______.

a)

Yield strength

b)

Ultimate tensile strength

c)

Elastic limit

d)

Fracture point

23.

What is the most common method for plotting a stress-strain curve?

a)

Using a tensile test

b)

Using a compression test

c)

Using a bending test

d)

Using a shear test

24.

In a tensile test, the force applied and the strain produced are recorded until a ______ occurs.

a)

fracture

b)

bend

c)

twist

d)

compression

25.

What is the purpose of plotting stress/strain graphs for different materials?

a)

To understand material properties

b)

To determine color of materials

c)

To measure temperature

d)

To calculate weight

26.

Fill in the blank: The original length of the material specimen used in the tensile test is ____ mm.

a)

10

b)

60

c)

100

d)

600

27.

What is the point called where the material transitions from elastic to plastic behavior on a stress-strain curve?

a)

Proportional limit

b)

Yield point

c)

Ultimate tensile strength

d)

Fracture point

28.

Fill in the blank: The point on the stress-strain curve where the material can withstand the maximum stress before necking is called the ________.

a)

Proportional limit

b)

Yield point

c)

Ultimate tensile strength

d)

Fracture point

29.

What does the straight line on a stress-strain graph indicate about the material's behavior?

a)

It follows Hooke's law

b)

It exhibits plasticity

c)

It has reached ultimate strength

d)

It is at the rupture point.

30.

The material exhibits plasticity beyond the ______.

a)

yield strength

b)

elastic limit

c)

rupture point

d)

ultimate strength

31.

What is the purpose of plotting stress/strain graphs for different materials?

a)

To determine the color of the material

b)

To understand the material's elasticity

c)

To choose suitable materials for engineering applications

d)

To measure the weight of the material.

32.

Fill in the blank: The stress-strain curve helps in understanding how material testing results are _______.

a)

ignored

b)

interpreted

c)

forgotten

d)

complicated

33.

What does the green color represent in stress-strain curve interpretation?

a)

A ductile material

b)

A brittle material

c)

A plastic material

d)

A strong material.

34.

Fill in the blank: The black color in stress-strain curve interpretation indicates a strong material which is not ______.

a)

brittle

b)

ductile

c)

plastic

d)

elastic

35.

What does the orange color signify in stress-strain curve interpretation?

a)

A brittle material

b)

A strong material

c)

A ductile material

d)

A plastic material

36.

Fill in the blank: The purple color in stress-strain curve interpretation represents a ______ material.

a)

brittle

b)

strong

c)

ductile

d)

plastic

37.

What is the purpose of understanding how material testing results are interpreted?

a)

To improve material quality

b)

To choose suitable materials for engineering applications

c)

To reduce costs

d)

To increase production speed.

38.

Material testing results are interpreted by plotting ______ graphs for different materials.

a)

temperature/pressure

b)

stress/strain

c)

velocity/time

d)

mass/volume

39.

Which force is shown here?

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Torsion

d)

Shear

40.

Which force is shown here?

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Torsion

d)

Shear

41.

Which force is shown here?

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Torsion

d)

Shear

42.

Which force is shown here?

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Torsion

d)

Shear

43.

Which force is shown here?

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Bending

d)

Shear

44.

Which type of structure is the Eiffel Tower?

a)

Solid

b)

Shell

c)

Frame

45.

Which type of structure is a helmet?

a)

Solid

b)

Shell

c)

Frame

46.

Select the natural structures;

a)
b)
c)
d)
47.

Select the man-made structures;

a)

b)

c)

d)

48.

Define the term 'stable'.

a)

Long lasting

b)

Able to support its own weight

c)

Able to withstand deformation

d)

Difficult to knock over

49.

Name the structural element shown.

a)

Beam

b)

Cantilever

c)

Strut

d)

Truss

50.

Name the structural element shown.

a)

Tie

b)

Beam

c)

Strut

d)

Gusset plate

51.

Name the structural element shown.

a)

Tie

b)

Truss

c)

Column

d)

Strut

52.

Name the structural element shown.

a)

Beam

b)

Truss

c)

Column

d)

Strut

53.

Name the structural element shown.

a)

Column

b)

Truss

c)

Gusset plate

d)

Strut

54.

Name the structural element shown.

a)

Tie

b)

Truss

c)

Gusset plate

d)

Strut

55.

Select all those statements associated with 'triangulation'.

a)

Using trusses

b)

Making a structure more rigid

c)

Torsion forces

d)

Strengthening a structure

56.

'Toughness' is associated with...

a)

Static forces

b)

Dynamic forces

c)

Impacts

d)

Diamonds

57.

'Strength' is associated with...

a)

Dynamic forces

b)

Static forces

c)

Impacts

d)

Deformation

58.

'Equilibrium' is associated with...

a)

Dynamic forces

b)

Forces that are balanced

c)

Impacts

d)

Stability

59-68.

Answer the questions below after watching the video

59.

What does the typical stress-strain curve for a ductile material represent?

a)

The ultimate tensile strength

b)

The elastic limit

c)

An approximation of the stress and strain

d)

The actual stress and strain in the test piece

60.

How is engineering stress defined?

a)

Applied force divided by the instantaneous cross-sectional area

b)

Applied force divided by the initial cross-sectional area

c)

Change in length divided by the initial length

d)

Change in length divided by the instantaneous length

61.

What is a key difference between true stress-strain curves and engineering stress-strain curves?

a)

True curves drop after necking

b)

Engineering curves are always increasing

c)

True curves are always increasing

d)

Engineering curves do not show necking

62.

Why do engineers often use engineering stress-strain curves instead of true stress-strain curves?

a)

True stress-strain curves are easier to measure

b)

True stress-strain curves are not useful in the elastic region

c)

Engineering stress-strain curves are more accurate

d)

Instantaneous cross-sectional area is difficult to measure

63.

In which scenarios is it important to use true stress-strain curves?

a)

When measuring the elastic limit

b)

When dealing with large plastic deformation

c)

When calculating the initial cross-sectional area

d)

When analyzing small strain values

64.

How is true stress calculated?

a)

By dividing the change in length by the initial length

b)

By dividing the change in length by the instantaneous length

c)

By dividing the applied force by the instantaneous cross-sectional area

d)

By dividing the applied force by the initial cross-sectional area

65.

What assumption is made to calculate true stress from engineering stress?

a)

The material is compressible

b)

The cross-sectional area remains constant

c)

The volume of the test piece remains constant

d)

The length of the test piece remains constant

66.

Why is the assumption of constant volume not valid after necking?

a)

Because the material becomes compressible

b)

Because the cross-sectional area changes significantly

c)

Because the length of the test piece remains constant

d)

Because the applied force decreases

67.

What mathematical method is used to derive true strain?

a)

Multiplication

b)

Differentiation

c)

Summation

d)

Integration

68.

What is another name for true strain?

a)

Plastic strain

b)

Logarithmic strain

c)

Ultimate strain

d)

Elastic strain

69.

Toughness is best defined as the

a)

energy absorbed by a material without yielding.

b)

area underneath the stress-strain graph up to the yielding point

c)

energy absorbed by a material without fracturing

d)

ability of a material to resist deformation.

70.

A material’s toughness is equal to the area under which part of the stress-strain curve.

a)

Elastic

b)

Plastic

c)

Both

d)

None

71.

Hooke's law holds true up until the

a)

yield point

b)

proportional limit

c)

breaking point

d)

elastic limit

72.

An applied load on a wire causes its radius to double. Determine the effect this will have on the Young’s modulus.

a)

Doubled

b)

Halved

c)

Quadrupled

d)

No effect

73.

The tensile strength of a material is obtained by dividing the maximum load during the test by the

a)

minimum area after fracture

b)

area at the time of fracture

c)

original cross-sectional area

d)

average of (b) and (c)

74.

If a part is heated and its movement is restricted, what stress will it experience as a result

a)

no stress

b)

tensile stress

c)

shear stress

d)

compressive stress

75.

What can we deduce about a material if a test piece returns to its original shape after the load has been removed?

a)

It is plastic

b)

It is elastic

c)

It does not obey Hooke’s Law

d)

It has high stiffness

76.

A material that does not give any indication of deformation when a stress is applied is known as a

a)

composite

b)

brittle material

c)

polymer

d)

ductile material

77.

Factor of safety for a ductile material is the ratio of

a)

Ultimate stress to working stress

b)

Ultimate stress to yield stress

c)

Yield stress to working stress

d)

Breaking stress to working stress

78.

For metals which have a progressive yield point, the proof stress is determined by drawing a line parallel to the elastic region at a strain of

a)

0.2 %

b)

0.5 %

c)

1 %

d)

2 %

79.

What changes occur to a mild steel specimen after it has undergone tensile testing?

a)

Cross sectional area decreases, Gauge length increases

b)

Cross sectional area increases, Gauge length decreases

c)

Cross sectional area increases, Gauge length increases

d)

Cross sectional area decreases, Gauge length decreases

80.

True stress is defined as the:

a)

Force divided by the original cross-sectional area

b)

Young’s modulus divided by the strain

c)

Force divided by the cross-sectional area at that point in time

d)

Force multiplied by the cross-sectional area

81.

In a brittle material, which two stresses are used to calculate the factor of safety (FOS)?

a)

Working and yield

b)

Working and UTS

c)

Bending and compressive

d)

Yield and UTS

82.

The diagram below shows a steel bolt undergoing a particular shearing stress. What type of shear stress is the bolt experiencing?

a)

Single

b)

Double

c)

Triple

d)

Quadruple

83.

A 300 kN force is applied to the plates as shown below. The shear stress in the ϕ25 mm diameter bolt is closest to:

a)

12 MPa

b)

153 MPa

c)

306 MPa

d)

611 MPa

84.

A Uniformly Distributed Load (UDL):

a)

has the same magnitude along the beam.

b)

has the same SFD and BMD shape when concentrated loads are placed along the length of the beam

c)

changes uniformly in magnitude along the beam

d)

has no effect on calculations on a simple beam

85.

A 5 mm thick metal plate has a hole punched through it. Determine the force required to punch the hole if the ultimate shear stress of the plate is 750 MPa.

a)

674 kN

b)

94 kN

c)

471 kN

d)

4712 kN

86.

The ultimate shear stress of the metal plate is 250 MPa. Calculate the force that is needed to punch the hole.

a)

785 kN

b)

314 kN

c)

250 kN

d)

7854 kN

87.

A shear force diagram for a loaded beam is drawn below. Which point of the beam will the maximum bending moment occur?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

88.

Based on the diagram below, determine which label is correct.

a)

A - True stress-strain curve & 5 - Toughness

b)

A - Engineering stress-strain curve & 5 - Toughness

c)

B - True stress-strain curve & 5 - Necking occurs

d)

B - Engineering stress-strain curve & 5 - Necking occurs

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