Risk Factor: Record of serious violations of international human rights and humanitarian law

Past or current serious violations of international human rights and humanitarian law, particularly if assuming an early pattern of conduct, and including those amounting to atrocity crimes, that have not been prevented, punished or adequately addressed and, as a result, create a risk of further violations.

Risk Factor: Weakness of State structures

Circumstances that negatively affect the capacity of a State to prevent or halt atrocity crimes.

Risk Factor: Motives or incentives

Reasons, aims or drivers that justify the use of violence against protected groups, populations or individuals, including by actors outside of State borders.

Risk Factor: Capacity to commit atrocity crimes

Conditions that indicate the ability of relevant actors to commit atrocity crimes.

Risk Factor: Absence of mitigating factors

Absence of elements that, if present, could contribute to preventing or to lessening the impact of serious acts of violence against protected groups, populations or individuals.

Risk Factor: Enabling circumstances or preparatory action

Events or measures, whether gradual or sudden, which provide an environment conducive to the commission of atrocity crimes, or which suggest a trajectory towards their perpetration.

Risk Factor: Triggering factors

Events or circumstances that, even if seemingly unrelated to atrocity crimes, may seriously exacerbate existing conditions or may spark their onset.

Risk Factor: Intergroup tensions or patterns of discrimination against protected groups

Past or present conduct that reveals serious prejudice against protected groups and that creates stress in the relationship among groups or with the State, generating an environment conducive to atrocity crimes.

Risk Factor: Signs of an intent to destroy in whole or in part a protected group

Facts or circumstances that suggest an intent, by action or omission, to destroy all or part of a protected group based on its national, ethnical, racial or religious identity, or the perception of this identity.

Risk Factor: Signs of a widespread or systematic attack against any civilian population

Signs of violent conduct including, but not limited to, attacks involving the use of force, against any civilian population and that suggest massive, large-scale and frequent violence (widespread), or violence with patterns of periodicity, similitude and organization (systematic).

Risk Factor: Signs of a plan or policy to attack any civilian population

Facts or evidence suggestive of a State or organizational policy, even if not explicitly stipulated or formally adopted, to commit serious acts of violence directed against any civilian population.

Risk Factor: Serious threats to those protected under international humanitarian law

Conflict-related conduct that seriously threatens the life and physical integrity of those protected under international humanitarian law.

Risk Factor: Serious threats to humanitarian or peacekeeping operations

Conflict-related conduct that threatens the protection provided by international humanitarian law to humanitarian assistance or peacekeeping personnel not taking direct part in hostilities.