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WorksheetsTIA Chemistry Vocabulary Review
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
physical change
A change in which no new substances are formed and which can often be reversed.
changes physical appearance, not chemical makeup
any phase change (melting, freezing, boiling, etc.)
A change that cannot be reversed.
A change in which no new substances are formed and which can often be reversed.
A change that alters the chemical makeup of a substance.
non-metals
Elements that are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
Elements that are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
Elements that are always gases at room temperature.
Elements that are highly reactive with metals.
halogens
Elements found in Group 17 of the periodic table.
have 7 valence electrons
nonmetals that form anions with a -1 charge
Elements found in Group 16 of the periodic table.
Elements that are all metals.
Elements that have 5 valence electrons.
combustion reaction
A reaction where a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide and water
A reaction that involves the combination of two or more substances to form a single product
A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat and light without producing carbon dioxide
A reaction that occurs only in the absence of oxygen
homogeneous mixture
A mixture that has a uniform composition throughout.
You CANNOT SEE the different parts that make up the mixture
ex. water, black coffee, milk
A mixture where the different parts can be seen easily.
A mixture that contains only one type of substance.
A mixture that separates into layers over time.
Arrhenius Acid
Releases H+ when dissolved in water
Releases OH- when dissolved in water
Increases the concentration of OH- ions in aqueous solution
Is a substance that does not ionize in water
supersaturated solution
A solution that contains less dissolved solute than is required to reach equilibrium at a given temperature.
A solution that contains exactly the amount of dissolved solute required to reach equilibrium at a given temperature.
A solution that contains more dissolved solute than is required to reach equilibrium at a given temperature.
A solution that contains no dissolved solute at all.
metalloids
Elements with properties of both metals and non-metals. Staircase on the periodic table
Elements that are only non-metals.
Elements with properties of both metals and non-metals. Staircase on the periodic table
Elements that are radioactive.
atom
electrically neutral (no charge)
# protons = # electrons
# neutrons = atomic mass - protons
has a positive charge
contains only protons
is always unstable
unsaturated solution
A solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature.
A solution that has reached its maximum solute capacity.
A solution that contains no solute at all.
A solution that can only dissolve solid solutes.
reactants
Substances that start a chemical reaction. Left side of a chemical equation
Products formed after a chemical reaction.
Elements that cannot participate in a reaction.
Catalysts that speed up the reaction process.
ionic radii
A measure of the size of an ion.
decreases across a period, increases down a group
cations < atoms < anions
(cations are smallest, anions are. biggest)
The distance between two nuclei in a covalent bond.
The size of an atom in its neutral state.
The measure of electron affinity.
nuclear fusion
A process where atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with a large release of energy.
A chemical reaction that occurs in the atmosphere.
A type of nuclear decay that releases radiation.
A method of splitting heavy atomic nuclei to release energy.
synthesis reaction
two or more reactants combine to form one single product
a single reactant breaks down into two or more products
two or more products combine to form a single reactant
a reaction that occurs without any reactants
noble gases
Elements found in Group 18 of the periodic table.
have 8 valence electrons
elements have NO CHARGE
chemically non-reactive because they are already stable
Elements that have 6 valence electrons.
Elements that are highly reactive with other elements.
Elements that have a positive charge.
Bronsted - Lowry Acid
A substance that donates a proton (H+ ion) in a chemical reaction.
A substance that accepts a proton (H+ ion) in a chemical reaction.
A substance that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution.
A substance that does not participate in chemical reactions.
covalent compound
low melting and boiling points; poor conductors of electricity; made of two non-metals
high melting and boiling points; good conductors of electricity; made of metals
variable melting and boiling points; can conduct electricity; made of ionic bonds
low melting points; high boiling points; made of one metal and one non-metal
excess reactant
The reactant that is completely consumed in a reaction
The reactant that is not used up completely in a reaction (there is some left over)
The reactant that speeds up the reaction without being consumed
The reactant that is present in the smallest amount
molarity
@@Molarity ext{ } = ext{ } rac{mols ext{ } of ext{ } solute}{Liters ext{ } of ext{ } solution}@@
A measure of the volume of a solution
A measure of the mass of a solute
A measure of the temperature of a solution
periodic table
an arrangement of the elements by atomic number (increasing # of protons)
a list of all known compounds
a chart showing the phases of matter
a classification of elements based on their color
