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WorksheetsSenses: Receptors, Gustation, and Olfaction
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 30mins
What is the process of converting external stimulus into an electrical signal called?
Transduction
Translation
Transmission
Transformation
Which type of receptors detect changes in temperature?
Thermoreceptors
Photoreceptors
Chemoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors
What do mechanoreceptors detect?
Touch, pressure, vibration, and stretch (movement)
Light and color
Sound and balance
Temperature and pain
Which type of pain is associated with a part of the body that has been removed?
Phantom pain
Chronic pain
Acute pain
Referred pain
What is the sense of taste also known as?
Gustation
Olfaction
Audition
Vision
What are the taste sensations?
Sweet, Salt, Sour, Bitter, Umami (savory)
Sweet, Salt, Sour, Bitter
Sweet, Salt, Sour
Sweet, Salt
Photoreceptors detect changes in intensity, color, and position of light.
True
False
What are chemoreceptors responsible for detecting?
Specific molecules dissolved in fluid
Changes in temperature
Light intensity
Sound waves
Where are taste buds located?
On the dorsal surface of the tongue in epithelial and connective tissue elevations
On the surface of the teeth
Inside the nasal cavity
On the inner walls of the stomach
What is referred pain?
Impulses from certain viscera are perceived as originating not from the organ but from the skin.
Pain that is felt in the exact location of the organ.
Pain that is only psychological and has no physical basis.
Pain that is felt only during movement.
What conducts gustatory information from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue to the CNS?
Facial CN
Glossopharyngeal CN
Olfactory nerve
Insula
What is the role of the insula in taste perception?
The insula interprets taste for perception.
The insula is responsible for visual processing.
The insula regulates blood pressure.
The insula controls voluntary muscle movements.
Which nerve conducts gustatory information from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
Facial CN
Glossopharyngeal CN
Olfactory nerve
Insula
What lines the superior nasal cavity?
Olfactory epithelium
Odorants
Olfactory nerves
Olfactory bulbs
What is the function of olfactory bulbs?
Convergence of olfactory nerves.
Detection of light.
Regulation of body temperature.
Control of muscle movements.
What is the function of extrinsic muscles in the eye?
Muscles of the eye to move the eyeball.
To focus light on the retina.
To produce tears.
To control the amount of light entering the eye.
What is the role of the eyelids?
Pieces of skin to help rest, protect, and cleanse eye.
To change the color of the eye.
To improve vision clarity.
To produce tears.
Where is the medial canthus located?
Inner corner of eye (where the upper and lower eyelids meet).
Outer corner of eye (where the upper and lower eyelids meet).
Center of the forehead.
Tip of the nose.
What is the lacrimal caruncle?
Pink fleshy structure.
Bone in the ear.
Part of the liver.
Muscle in the leg.
What does the lacrimal apparatus do?
Produces, collects, and drains lacrimal fluid (tears) from the eye.
Regulates blood pressure in the body.
Controls the movement of the digestive system.
Maintains the balance of electrolytes in the body.
Where is the lacrimal gland located?
In the upper lateral portion of eye that produce tears.
In the lower medial portion of the eye.
Behind the retina.
In the center of the cornea.
What is the function of the nasolacrimal duct?
Drains excess tears.
Produces tears.
Filters air.
Transports nutrients.
What is the anterior cavity of the eye?
Front of the lens, contains circulating aqueous humor (watery fluid).
Back of the lens, contains vitreous humor.
Between the cornea and the iris, contains blood vessels.
Behind the retina, contains nerve endings.
What is glaucoma?
Increased pressure within eye, caused by too much aqueous humor.
A condition characterized by clouding of the lens.
An infection of the conjunctiva.
A disorder causing night blindness.
What is the function of the choroid in the vascular tunic?
Contains vast network of capillaries supplying nutrients and oxygen to the retina.
Acts as a light receptor in the eye.
Produces aqueous humor for the anterior chamber.
Controls the amount of light entering the eye.
What is the function of the neural layer in the eye?
Houses photoreceptors and associated neurons; receives light; converts energy into nerve impulses.
Regulates the amount of light entering the eye.
Focuses light onto the retina.
Provides nutrients to the eye tissues.
Which cells are important for vision in dim light?
(a)
What is the role of the optic disc in the eye?
A 'blind spot' on the retina lacking photoreceptors.
To focus light onto the retina.
To detect color and detail.
To control the amount of light entering the eye.
What is the ability of a lens to change shape to focus an image called?
Accommodation
Refraction
Diffraction
Dispersion
What is myopia?
The inability to focus on far away objects because the eyeball is too long.
The inability to focus on nearby objects because the eyeball is too short.
A condition where the eye is unable to produce tears.
A disease that affects the retina and causes blindness.
What is the inability to focus on close objects because the eyeball is too short called?
Hyperopia (farsightedness)
Myopia (nearsightedness)
Astigmatism
Presbyopia
What is the treatment for hyperopia?
Contacts and lens that are thicker in the middle and thinner around the outside
Surgery to remove the lens
Eye exercises
Use of eye drops
What is presbyopia?
Age-related hyperopia (lens lose ability to change accommodation)
condition of nearsightedness
type of astigmatism
disease causing blindness
What is an irregularity on the surface of the cornea or lens called?
Astigmatism
Myopia
Hyperopia
Presbyopia
What is the treatment for astigmatism?
Appropriate lenses
Surgery
Medication
Eye exercises
What is the inflammation of conjunctiva caused by a virus or bacteria called?
Conjunctivitis
Dermatitis
Sinusitis
Rhinitis
What is the build-up of pressure in the eye due to too much aqueous humor called?
Glaucoma
Cataract
Myopia
Astigmatism
What are the three distinct anatomic regions of the ear?
External ear, Middle ear, Inner ear
Outer ear, Central ear, Inner ear
External ear, Middle ear, Outer ear
Outer ear, Middle ear, Inner ear
What is the function of the auditory tube?
Connects middle ear to nasopharynx, helps equalize pressure and allows for the draining of fluid buildup
Transmits sound from the outer ear to the inner ear
Amplifies sound waves
Protects the inner ear from loud noises
What does the vestibular apparatus consist of?
Sensory receptors in utricle, saccule, and semicircular ducts
Bones of the middle ear
Cochlea and auditory nerve
Eustachian tube and tympanic membrane
What do maculae within utricle and saccule contain?
Hair cells
Nerve fibers
Blood vessels
Connective tissue
What do semicircular ducts detect?
Angular acceleration
Linear acceleration
Temperature changes
Sound waves
Which of the following is an expanded region within each of the 3 semicircular canals?
Ampulla
Cochlea
Vestibule
Saccule
What is the inner ear organ of hearing called?
Cochlea
Eardrum
Pinna
Stapes
What is the fluid within the cochlear duct called?
Endolymph
Perilymph
Cerebrospinal fluid
Lymph
What are the two chambers on either side of the cochlea duct filled with?
Perilymph
Endolymph
Cerebrospinal fluid
Blood
The function of the spiral organ is to:
transmit sound vibrations to the brain
detect changes in head position
convert sound vibrations into neural signals
maintain balance and posture
What triggers sensory impulses in the auditory cortex?
Fibers of cochlear branch of vestibulocochlear nerve
Vibrations in the tympanic membrane
Movement of the stapes in the oval window
Pressure changes in the cochlear fluid
Pitch discrimination depends on:
Frequency of sound
Amplitude of sound
Duration of sound
Timbre of sound
What does loudness (intensity) depend on?
Amplitude of vibrations
Frequency of sound
Speed of sound
Wavelength of sound
What effect do louder sound sources have on the tympanic membrane?
What is tinnitus?
Ringing in the ears due to the exposure of loud noise, infection, tumor; goes away on its own.
A type of ear infection that causes temporary hearing loss.
A condition where the ear produces excessive wax.
A genetic disorder affecting the inner ear.
What is conductive hearing loss and who is it common in?
Conductive hearing loss is common in younger people; the auditory tube is flat, so fluid doesn’t drain.
Conductive hearing loss is common in older adults due to age-related changes.
Conductive hearing loss is common in athletes due to frequent ear injuries.
Conductive hearing loss is common in musicians due to exposure to loud sounds.
Which of the following is a type of otitis?
Otitis media
Otitis externa
Otitis interna
All of the above
The hearing pathway starts from the auricle/pinna and includes which of the following structures?
Cochlea, auditory nerve, brain
Eardrum, ossicles, cochlea
Eustachian tube, cochlea, brain
Auditory nerve, eardrum, ossicles
