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Evolution and Changes over time

Total questions: 20

Worksheet time: 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

mutation

a)

a random error in DNA replication that leads to a variations in offspring

b)

a process of natural selection that enhances survival

c)

a type of genetic engineering used to modify organisms

d)

a method of cloning organisms for research purposes

2.

scientific theory

a)

A hypothesis that has not been tested.

b)

A well-tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experimental results.

c)

An unproven idea that lacks evidence.

d)

A collection of unrelated facts.

3.

fossil

a)

the preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past

b)

a type of rock formed from volcanic activity

c)

a living organism found in modern ecosystems

d)

the process of natural selection over time

4.

trace fossil

a)

A type of fossil that provides evidence of the activities of ancient organisms; ex. fossilized footprints

b)

A type of fossil formed from the remains of an organism

c)

A type of fossil that is created through volcanic activity

d)

A type of fossil that consists of preserved soft tissues

5.

natural selection

a)

a process in which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce

b)

a method of breeding plants and animals for desired traits

c)

a theory that explains the origin of species through divine intervention

d)

a phenomenon where all individuals in a population have equal chances of survival

6.

overproduction

a)

the condition where some organisms produce more offspring than can survive

b)

the process of reducing the number of offspring to ensure survival

c)

the phenomenon where all offspring survive to adulthood

d)

the strategy of producing fewer offspring with higher survival rates

7.

fossil record

a)

all the fossils that have been discovered and what we have learned from them

b)

a collection of ancient artifacts from human history

c)

the study of living organisms in their natural habitats

d)

a chronological timeline of geological events

8.

adaptation

a)

an inherited characteristic that all organisms of a species has that increases an organism's chance to survive and reproduce

b)

a temporary change in behavior due to environmental factors

c)

a learned skill that improves an organism's ability to find food

d)

a physical change that occurs only in response to immediate threats

9.

body fossil

a)

A fossil that consists of the preserved body of an animal or plant or an imprint of the body

b)

A fossil that only contains mineralized remains

c)

A fossil that is formed from the remains of a single organism

d)

A fossil that shows the behavior of ancient organisms

10.

genetic variation

a)

random genetic mutations during the reproduction process produce variations in offspring

b)

genetic variation is solely caused by environmental factors

c)

genetic variation occurs only in plants and animals

d)

genetic variation is the result of selective breeding

11.

artificial selection

a)

Selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the natural variation among different organisms

b)

Natural selection occurring without human intervention

c)

The process of selecting organisms based on their physical appearance

d)

A method of breeding that eliminates all genetic variation

12.

anatomy

a)

the structures of an organisms body

b)

the study of animal behavior

c)

the process of digestion

d)

the classification of living organisms

13.

common ancestor

a)

the scientific principle that all organisms on Earth evolved from the very first organism

b)

a type of organism that has no relation to any other species

c)

a concept that suggests organisms can evolve without any common lineage

d)

a theory that all species were created independently

14.

embryo

a)

a fully developed organism

b)

an organism in the earliest stage of development

c)

a stage of cellular division

d)

a type of genetic mutation

15.

extinction

a)

the process by which a group of related organisms die out

b)

the gradual change in the characteristics of a species over time

c)

the introduction of new species into an ecosystem

d)

the survival of the fittest in a natural environment

16.

homologous structures

a)

similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor

b)

structures that serve the same function but have different evolutionary origins

c)

structures that are completely unrelated in function and form

d)

structures that are identical in form but serve different functions

17.

competition

a)

the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources

b)

a cooperative interaction between different species

c)

the process of natural selection favoring the strongest individuals

d)

the ability of organisms to adapt to their environment

18.

advantageous trait

a)

a trait that benefits an organism and helps it survive and reproduce.

b)

a characteristic that is harmful to an organism's survival.

c)

a feature that has no impact on an organism's life.

d)

a trait that decreases an organism's chances of reproduction.

19.

species

a)

a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce offspring that can also reproduce

b)

a classification of organisms based on their habitat

c)

a type of organism that is extinct

d)

a group of organisms that cannot reproduce

20.

variation

a)

any difference between individuals of the same species

b)

a change in the environment affecting species

c)

the process of natural selection

d)

a type of genetic mutation