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SS.7.CG.1.4 Enlightenment Vocab

Total questions: 13

Worksheet time: 7mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Baron de Montesquieu

a)

A philosopher who believed in the divine right of kings

b)

A philosopher who advocated for the separation of powers in government

c)

A philosopher who supported absolute monarchy

d)

A philosopher who promoted direct democracy

2.

all men are created...

a)

equal

b)

unequal

c)

superior

d)

inferior

3.

Enlightenment

a)

an intellectual and philosophical movement in the 17th and 18th centuries that focused on reason, ideas on government, and the value of happiness

b)

a period of artistic expression in the 19th century

c)

a scientific revolution that occurred in the 16th century

d)

a religious revival movement in the 18th century

4.

representative democracy

a)

A system where citizens vote directly on laws and policies.

b)

A form of government where the people elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.

c)

A political system where a single ruler has absolute power.

d)

A type of government where decisions are made by a small group of elites.

5.

social contract

a)

an implied agreement among the people of an organized society that defines the rights, duties, and limitations of the governed and the government

b)

a formal document outlining the laws of a nation

c)

a treaty between two or more countries

d)

a set of guidelines for ethical behavior in society

6.

checks and balances

a)

a principle of government that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches

b)

a system where one branch of government has absolute power

c)

a method for citizens to vote on government policies

d)

a way to ensure that only one branch of government can make laws

7.

natural law

a)

a system of right or justice held to be common to all humans and derived from nature rather than from the rules of society

b)

a legal system based solely on written statutes and regulations

c)

a philosophical concept that denies the existence of any universal moral principles

d)

a set of laws created by governments to regulate human behavior

8.

Declaration of Independence

a)

A document that outlines the rights of citizens

b)

A set of accusations against the king and explained why the American colonist wanted to create their own government

c)

A treaty that ended the Revolutionary War

d)

A speech given by George Washington at his inauguration

9.

separation of powers

a)

a principle of government that sets up a structural division of responsibilities within distinct branches, each with their own powers and processes

b)

a system where the government is run by a single entity without any divisions

c)

a method of ensuring that all government decisions are made by popular vote

d)

a framework that allows for the complete overlap of government functions across branches

10.

Founders/Founding Fathers

a)

The men who established the American system of government.

b)

The authors of the Declaration of Independence.

c)

The first presidents of the United States.

d)

The leaders of the American Revolution.

11.

consent of the governed

a)

the idea that government gains its power/authority from the people

b)

the belief that citizens should have no say in government

c)

the principle that government can act without the people's approval

d)

the notion that power is derived from military strength

12.

John Locke

a)

a philosopher who believed in natural rights and social contract

b)

a political leader who advocated for monarchy

c)

a scientist known for his work in physics

d)

an economist who focused on capitalism

13.

natural rights

a)

Rights that can be given or taken by the government

b)

Rights an individual is born with that cannot be given or taken by government (ex. life, liberty, pursuit of happiness)

c)

Rights that are only applicable to citizens of a country

d)

Rights that are determined by societal norms