The act of voluntary giving by individuals or groups to promote the common good.

A group of entrepreneurs, inventors and businessmen in the 1800's who acquired great wealth and success from their endeavors. The Captains of Industry were compassionate men to improve the lives of the American people.

An urban organization designed to win elections and reward its followers, both rich and poor. The machine controlled a hierarchy of party loyalists, and it often formed a 'shadow government' seemingly more powerful than the actual elected officials.

The production of large quantities of goods using machinery and often an assembly line.

The process through which cities grow, and higher and higher percentages of the population comes to live in the city.

The body of government officials who are employed in civil occupations that are neither political nor judicial.

The process whereby individuals or groups of differing ethnic heritage are absorbed into the dominant culture of a society

The movement of people living in one country into another.

A policy of favoring native inhabitants as opposed to immigrants.

American industrialists and financiers who made fortunes by monopolizing huge industries through the formation of trusts, engaging in unethical business practices, exploiting workers, and paying little heed to their customers or competition.

Organizations that provided support services to the urban poor and European immigrants, often including education, healthcare, childcare, and employment resources.

The religious wing of the progressive movement which had the aim of combating injustice, suffering and poverty in society.

The process by which an economy is transformed from a primarily agricultural one to one based on the manufacturing of goods. Individual manual labor is often replaced by machines.

An improvement of an existing technological product, system, or method of doing something.

Large companies that control the industry or sector they were in with the ability to control the price of the goods and services they provided.

An economic system driven by supply and demand. few restrictions are placed on business activities and ownership in terms of trade and government intervention.

All territory, persons, and housing units within an incorporated area that met the population threshold.

The exchange or buying and selling of commodities; especially the exchange of merchandise, on a large scale, between different places or communities; extended trade or traffic.

Is the term used to describe the tumultuous years between the Civil War and the turn of the twentieth century. It was a time of rapid economic growth and financial prosperity.