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Final Review Day 1

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 2hrs 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Hydrogen and Helium are the two lightest elements in the periodic table of elements. What fraction of mass in the in the known universe is made up of Hydrogen and Helium
a)
98%
b)
100%
c)
1%
d)
50%
e)
2%
2.
A flat, rotating disk of gas and dust surrounding a condensed mass, such as a young stellar object or a forming planet
a)
Terrestrial planet
b)
Forst line
c)
Planetismals
d)
Accretion Disk
3.
A large cloud of dust and gas in space
a)
Nebula
b)
Protostar
c)
Planetismal
d)
Jovian Planet
4.
A gas giant planet, examples of which: in our solar system include Saturn, Neptune, and Jupiter
a)
Jovian Planets
b)
Terresital Planets
c)
Nebulas
d)
Protoplanets
5.
Period of solar system formation during which planetesimals collided with other objects
a)
gravitational collapse
b)
heavy bombardment
c)
planetary accretion
d)
protostar formation
6.
Because so little can be found of the first rocks to form on Earth, the best evidence for the early formation of our planet comes from studying which of the following?
a)
Asteroids, lunar rocks, and other objects in the solar system
b)
Weathering and erosion patterns in extreme enviorments
c)
The formation of gaseous elements through fusion in our sun
d)
Fluctuations in chemical compositions of successive lava flows
7.
Why are lunar rocks often a better source of data on the early formation of Earth than rocks found on Earth itself?
a)
The age of the moon, which, like Earth, is the same as the rest of the solar system
b)
The lack of active volcanoes, tectonics, and erosional agents on the moon
c)
The gravitational attraction between Earth and the moon that holds them together
d)
The absence on the moon of a protective atmosphere to shield it from impacts
8.
Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are all examples of...
a)
Jovian planets
b)
Terresital planets
c)
Gaseous planets
d)
Dwarf planets
9.
What force acts on a massive nebula to collapse it and eventually form a star?
a)
electrostatic force
b)
strong force
c)
weak force
d)
gravity
10.
What celestial body eventually evolved into our modern solar system?
a)
Nebula
b)
Planetary Disk
c)
Galaxy
d)
Black Hole
e)
Quasar
11.
Which of the following is the cause of material being relocated on the surface of Earth?
a)
Accretion
b)
Volcanoes
c)
Earthquakes
d)
Erosion
e)
Planetismials
12.

The image shows the formation of the solar system from a cloud of gas.

Based on the image, which explanation best describes how gravity helped to form the solar system?

a)

the disintegration of the protosun into planets

b)

accumulation of leftover materials that formed into planets

c)

collisions between gas molecules that resulted in planet formation 

d)

condensation of gas and dust molecules that formed the protosun

13.
______ is a force that causes dust particles to stick together in a nebula.
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
gravity
c)
hydrogen
d)
iron
14.

What is the primary reason Earth has fewer visible craters compared to the Moon?

a)

The Moon has a stronger gravitational pull

b)

Earth's atmosphere burns up small meteors

c)

The Moon is closer to the asteroid belt

d)

Earth's surface is constantly changing due to erosion

15.

Which process is responsible for the transformation of a protostar into a main-sequence star?

a)

Nuclear fusion

b)

Gravitational collapse

c)

Radioactive decay

d)

Erosion

16.

What is the primary reason Earth has less visible cratering compared to the Moon?

a)

Earth's atmosphere burns up smaller meteors

b)

The Moon attracts more meteors due to its gravitational pull

c)

Earth's surface is constantly changing due to erosion and tectonics

d)

The Moon's surface is more resistant to impacts

17.

What is the main component of the early solar nebula that led to the formation of the Sun and planets?

a)

Silicon dust

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

Hydrogen gas

d)

Iron particles

18.
Seafloor spreading occurs at ___________ plate boundaries
a)
divergent oceanic - oceanic
b)
convergent oceanic - contiental
c)
transfrom
d)
divergent contiental - contiental
19.
Select the correct statement below,
a)
Rocks in the oceanic crust tend to be younger than rocks in the in continental crust
b)
Rocks in the continental crust tend to be younger than rocks in the oceanic crust
c)
Rocks in the continental and oceanic crust tend to be the same age
20.
Mid-ocean ridges are found at which type of plate boundary?
a)
divergent oceanic- oceanic plate boundaries
b)
convergent continental- continental plate boundaries
c)
transform continental plate boundaries
d)
passive plate plate boundaries
21.
The lithosphere is mainly __________________, the asthenosphere is mainly ____________
a)
solid, solid
b)
liquid, solid
c)
liquid, liquid
d)
solid, liquid
22.
Every few hundred thousand years, the magnetic poles of Earth reverse. Rocks that contain iron provide a record of both normal and reversed magnetic poles. The pattern of normal and reversed magnetic poles as recorded in the ocean floor rock on either side of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge provides evidence supporting a model of convection currents in the mantle below that move in which way?
a)
Option 1
b)
Option 2
c)
Option 3
d)
Option 4
23.
The image shows a _________________
a)
Convergent boundary
b)
Divergent boundary
c)
Transform boundary
24.
The image shows a _________________
a)
Convergent boundary
b)
Divergent boundary
c)
Transform boundary
25.
Which of the following best describes where the youngest and oldest crustal rocks can be found on the Earth?
a)
The oldest crustal rocks are found high in the mountains and the youngest at sea level.
b)
The oldest crustal rocks are found at the edges of continents and the youngest in the center.
c)
The oldest crustal rocks are found on continents and the youngest on the ocean floor.
d)
The oldest crustal rocks are found at the North and South Pole and the youngest at the equator.
26.
The table shown here provides information on the ages of samples of crustal rocks taken from different locations on Earth. Which of the following is the best prediction of where these rock samples were taken from?
a)
Samples 2 & 4= Continental Rock; Samples 1 & 3 Ocean Floor Rock
b)
Samples 1 & 4= Continental Rock; Samples 2 & 3 Ocean Floor Rock
c)
Samples 1 & 2= Continental Rock; Samples 3 & 4 Ocean Floor Rock
d)
Samples 2 & 3= Continental Rock; Samples 1 & 4 Ocean Floor Rock
27.
Which of the following pieces of evidence was not used by Alfred Wegener to construct the theory of continental drift?
a)
Identical rocks and fossils were found on opposing coastlines.
b)
The coastlines of South America and Africa look complementary.
c)
The magnetic orientation of rocks is symmetrical on either side of mid-ocean ridges.
d)
If the continents were placed together, glacial striations would match.
28.
Which statement correctly defines a geologic plate?
a)
A small part of the core Earth's core
b)
A location of high volcanic activity
c)
A location where new crust is formed
d)
A section of crust that moves as a unit
29.
How has the Earth's magnetic field changed over time
a)
The magnetic field has reversed over time
b)
The magnetic field has never changed over the last 4.6 billion years
c)
Earth recently "gained" a magnetic field over the last 1,000 years due to human activity
d)
The magnetic field has been slowly declining in strength
30.
The process of an unstable isotope changing into a stable isotope is known as...
a)
radioactive decay
b)
bathymetry
c)
conduction
d)
convection
e)
absolute age dating
31.
What type of energy transfer drives plate movement
a)
conduction
b)
radiation
c)
advection
d)
convection
32.
_____________ recycle oceanic crust and produce volcanoes
a)
subduction zones
b)
mid-ocean ridges
c)
divergent plate boundaries
d)
transform plate boundaries
33.

What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?

a)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

b)

mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

c)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

d)

outer core, inner core, crust, mantle

34.
Which body wave is pictured?
a)
P-Wave
b)
S-Wave
c)
Rayleigh Wave
d)
Love Wave
35.
These are the secondary, or second waves to be released. They cannot travel through the liquid outer core
a)
S waves
b)
Surface Waves
c)
P waves
36.
The diagram shows what can occur when two continental plates collide.Which characteristic of the Indian Plate explains why it moves under the Eurasian Plate?
a)
It is larger.
b)
It is denser.
c)
It is molten.
d)
It is younger.
37.

What particle completes this reaction?

a)

alpha particle

b)

beta particle

c)

gamma particle

d)

neutron

38.

Which type of nuclear radiation is being emitted here?

a)

alpha

b)

beta

c)

gamma

d)

none

39.

Gamma rays are represented by which symbol?

a)

42He

b)

0-1 e

c)

00Y

d)

178O

40.

What is a beta particle?

a)

2 protons & 2 neutrons

b)

a high energy EM wave

c)

an electron

d)

a large unstable nucleus

41.

What is an isotope?

a)

An atom with the same number of neutrons and electrons, but a different number of protons.

b)

An atom with the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons.

c)

An atom with the same number of neutrons and protons, but a different number of electrons.

42.

In the context of isotopes, what does the term "stable" refer to?

a)

An isotope that does not undergo radioactive decay

b)

An isotope that decays very quickly

c)

An isotope that can sustain a chain reaction

d)

An isotope that is commonly found in nature

43.

If nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, and radioactive decay were ordered by the amount of energy released in each process from greatest to least, which of the following would be the correct ranking?

a)

Nuclear fusion, nuclear fission, radioactive decay

b)

Nuclear fission, radioactive decay, nuclear fusion

c)

Nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, radioactive decay

d)

Radioactive decay, nuclear fission, nuclear fusion

44.

The % of the parent isotope remaining after 1 Half Life.

a)

50%

b)

25%

c)

12.5%

d)

6.25%

45.

The % of the parent isotope remaining after 2 Half Lives.

a)

50%

b)

25%

c)

12.5%

d)

6.25%

46.

What is the Half life of this isotope?

a)

5 seconds

b)

10 seconds

c)

15 seconds

d)

20 seconds

47.

Why do some elements have half-lives?

a)

they radioactively decay

b)

half of their atom gets stolen

c)

They are Twizzlers that break in half

48.
If the  half-life of a radioactive group of atoms is 100 years, then how old is the rock if there have been ten half-lives?
a)
10 years
b)
100 years
c)
1000 years
d)
10000 years
49.
What property of this wave is represented by the letter "A"
a)
amplitude
b)
crest
c)
trough
d)
wavelength
50.
What property of the wave is represented by the letter "B"?
a)
amplitude
b)
crest
c)
trough
d)
wavelength
51.
The highest point on a wave is:
a)
the crest
b)
the trough
c)
the top
d)
the coast 
52.
The number of wavelengths that pass a point each per second is:
a)
frequency
b)
period
c)
longitudinal 
d)
transverse wave 
53.
When the frequency of a wave increases, what happens to the wavelength?
a)
The wavelength is not directly affected by the frequency of a wave.
b)
The wavelength increases.
c)
The wavelength decreases.
d)
More specific information is needed to form a conclusion about the wavelength.
54.
Which letter(s) represent the trough of the wave?
a)
A
b)
B & D
c)
D
d)
C & G
55.
Which wave in the diagram has the greatest frequency?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
56.

The unit for frequency is...

a)

meters

b)

meters/second

c)

hertz

d)

newtons

57.

The top wave is a _____________ wave

a)

longitudinal

b)

stadium

c)

medium

d)

transverse

58.

Francine is at the beach, watching the waves. She notices waves are reaching the shore about 4 seconds apart. She estimates the crests of the waves are about 12 meters apart.


What is the frequency of the waves?

a)

4 s

b)

4 Hz

c)

1/4 s

d)

1/4 Hz

59.

Francine is at the beach, watching the waves. She notices waves are reaching the shore about 4 seconds apart. She estimates the crests of the waves are about 12 meters apart.


What is the wavelength of the waves?

a)

12 meters

b)

24 meters

c)

4 seconds

d)

3 meters per second

60.

Water waves and light waves are both examples to ___

a)

Longitudinal Wave

b)

Transverse Wave

c)

Frequency wave

d)

Sound Wave

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