Perceptual assessment; Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain

A method for measuring vocal pitch

A technique for vocal warm-up exercises

A type of vocal cord surgery

A popular acoustics system by Kay Pentax, very expensive, but reliable

A budget-friendly audio system by Sony

A portable speaker system by Bose

An outdated sound system by JBL

Acoustic correlate of pitch; the lowest frequency component we see on an acoustic exam (e.g., spectrogram)

The highest frequency component in a sound wave

A measure of sound intensity

The frequency at which a sound wave is generated by a vibrating object

The ratio of loudness to silence in a sound wave

The ratio/ balance between periodic and non-periodic components in a sound wave

The measure of frequency modulation in audio signals

The comparison of harmonic frequencies to fundamental frequencies

A quality of life index that evaluates the impact of dysphonia on quality of life physically, functionally, and emotionally; available in VHI-10 and pediatric VHI and PVHI-10

A measurement tool for assessing vocal cord strength and endurance

A diagnostic test for identifying voice disorders

A therapy program designed to improve vocal performance

Measures the amplitude of the cepstral peak, a general measure of dysphonia (less dominant/decreased CPP is associated with dysphonia)

Indicates the frequency of the cepstral peak, which is unrelated to dysphonia

Assesses the duration of vocal fold vibration, which is a key indicator of vocal health

Evaluates the pitch range of a voice, which is essential for singing ability

Cycle-to-cycle variations in amplitude; measure of short-term instability

A type of vocal quality that indicates breathiness

A measurement of pitch variation over time

A technique used to enhance vocal resonance

Vary from clinician to clinician and based on the clinician's experience/ ear

Are universally agreed upon by all clinicians

Are based solely on patient feedback

Are not influenced by the clinician's training

A method for invasive data collection that measures voice changes only during therapy

A non-invasive technique for collecting objective data that measures changes in voice over time

A subjective assessment of voice quality based on listener perception

A process that only evaluates voice changes after therapy has concluded

Free software program for acoustic analysis of voice, requires a computer and microphone

A paid software for video editing

An online platform for music streaming

A mobile app for photo editing

Environmental influence (Including watching the analysis on the screen)

Sample size and selection

Statistical methods used

Time of day when analysis is conducted

A multiple of fundamental frequency that are evenly spaced

A type of musical scale

A method of sound amplification

A technique for sound distortion

Cycle-to-cycle variations in frequency; measure of short-term instability

Long-term variations in signal amplitude

A type of signal distortion caused by noise

A measure of the average frequency over a long period

Affects the pitch of the voice

Influences generation and maintenance of phonation and vocal intensity (greater pressure = greater intensity)

Determines the volume of air inhaled

Regulates the speed of sound in the vocal cords

Increases pitch by a fifth (7 semitones)

Increases pitch by an octave (12 semitones), does not double pitch

Increases pitch by a fourth (5 semitones)

Increases pitch by two octaves (24 semitones)

The range of frequencies produced during whispering voice

The range between the lowest pitch in modal register (chest voice) to the highest pitch in falsetto (head voice)

The range of frequencies used in singing only

The range of frequencies produced during speaking voice

Acoustic correlate of volume or loudness

Measurement of sound frequency

Unit of sound pressure

Perception of sound quality

A visual representation of voice analysis that shows variations in amplitude (loudness) and frequency (pitch) over time

A tool used for measuring sound intensity in decibels

A graphical representation of sound waves in a three-dimensional space

A method for recording audio signals in digital format

Objective data that can support perception of dysphonia and provide information on vocal fold physiology

A method to measure the loudness of a person's voice

A technique to evaluate the emotional state of a speaker

A tool for assessing the clarity of speech sounds